-ка

КА ка Appendix:Variations of "ka" Belarusian Etymology be sla-pro *-ъka. Compare pl -ka, ru -ка and uk -ка. Pronunciation Suffix be suffix noun-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes f Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun. Appended to feminine nouns creates diminutive forms. Derived terms be Bulgarian Etymology bg :inh<conj:and> cu:-ъка<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-ъka>> cu:-ька<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-ьka>> :sla-pro 1 1 (the latter causes palatalization of preceding velars). Pronunciation ка bg LL-Q7918 (bul)-Kiril kovachev--ка.wav This suffix is never stressed. Suffix bg suffix diminutive -чица Forms diminutives of feminine nouns, including personal names: bg брой бро́йка bg жи́ца жи́чка bg кни́га кни́жка bg пи́та пи́тка bg Снежа́на Снежа́нка bg Мари́я Мари́йка Forms feminine nouns (including personal names) from adjectives: bg бял бе́лка bg горчи́в горчи́вка bg лис ли́ска bg ме́ден ме́денка bg здрав Здра́вка bg рад Ра́дка Forms resultant or abstract nouns from verbs: bg гле́дам гле́дка bg ме́ря мя́рка bg плета́ пле́тка bg стъ́пя стъ́пка Forms instrumental nouns from verbs: bg гре́я гре́йка bg държа́ дръ́жка bg люле́я лю́лка bg цедя́ це́дка Forms agent nouns from verbs or participles: bg доя́ до́йка bg ква́кам ква́чка bg роди́ла роди́лка bg хубаве́ла хубаве́лка Forms feminine counter-parts to masculine agent nouns: bg друг дру́жка bg глупа́к глупа́чка bg жетва́р жетва́рка bg селя́нин селя́нка (nouns in -анин/-янин lose the ending -ин) bg съсе́д съсе́дка bg учи́тел учи́телка Forms secondary animal names from earlier root-athematic forms (which often have become obsolete): bg въш въ́шка bg гъс гъска bg кот ко́тка bg миш ми́шка Creates emphatic forms of certain temporal adverbs. bg днес дне́ска bg ноще́с ноще́ска bg зимъ́с зимъ́ска bg завча́с завча́ска Declension -ка</pl:ки/ind:ка/def:ката> Derived terms bg Descendants gag -ka 1 Komi-Zyrian Etymology 1 From kpv urj-prm-pro *-ka, from kpv urj-pro *-kka. Cognates include fi -kka and hu -ka. Pronunciation Suffix kpv suffix kpv unproductive Forms nouns denoting in-law family members; kpv ай father → kpv айка father-in-law kpv энь mother → kpv энька mother-in-law kpv unproductive Forms nouns with a broader meaning from kinship terms; kpv зон son → kpv зонка boy kpv ныв daughter → kpv нывка girl kpv archaic Forms diminutives. Derived terms kpv Etymology 2 From kpv urj-prm-pro *kwola *kwo-. Pronunciation Noun kpv noun kpv in compounds dwelling Derived terms kpv керка References 61 Macedonian Etymology mk sla-pro *-ъka. Pronunciation Suffix mk suffix noun-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes f Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name. Appended to feminine nouns creates diminutive forms. Derived terms mk Pannonian Rusyn Pronunciation rsk a 1 rsk ка Etymology 1 rsk :inh zlw-osk:-ka :sla-pro 1 Suffix rsk suffix f diminutive suffixes noun-forming suffixes Forms feminine nouns rsk мачац to dip мачанка sauce Forms diminutive forms of feminine nouns rsk -очка generally more common -ичка rsk судзина vessel судзинка small dish Forms feminine equivalents of masculine nouns rsk дохтор doctor дохторка female doctor rsk -ец suffix rsk -ица Usage notes While there exist certain diminutives directly suffixed by rsk -очка, such as rsk гарсцочка, the ending rsk -очка is also formed when rsk -ка is suffixed to a feminine noun already ending in rsk -ка regardless of whether the original noun was a diminutive, such as in the case of rsk шуночка. Declension Derived terms rsk Related terms rsk suffixes -анка<g:f> -инка<g:f> -овка<g:f> -очка<g:f> -янка<g:f> Etymology 2 Suffix rsk suffix form m rsk -ок gen//acc s Etymology 3 Suffix rsk suffix form n rsk -ко gen s ; nom//acc//voc p Anagrams rsk ак -ак Russian Etymology 1 Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ka.Фасмер Макс Этимологический словарь русского языка. Том II (Е – Муж) О. Н. Трубачев Москва 1986 Прогресс ка, -ко 1471 429 2.*ko Particle ru particle just, (now) would you? appended to an imperative verb to soften the command somewhat ru Да́й-ка пройду́ If you’ll just step aside… now, (real) quick, just appended to an imperative verb to express urgency or a pressing request ru Иди́те-ка сюда́ Just come here! ru Послу́шай-ка, па́рень Now listen, lad! Descendants crp-slb -ка izh -k 1 Etymology 2 ru nominal :blend orv:-ъка<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-ъka>> orv:-ька<ety:inh<sla-pro:*-ьka<ety:der<ine-bsl-pro:*-kāˀ<id:suffix><ety:inh<ine-pro:*-kos<alt:*-keh₂><id:adjectives>>>>>>> 1 From a conflation of two suffixes ru sla-pro *-ьka and ru sla-pro *-ъka. The former always came to be used after velars (hence the occurrence of the Slavic first palatalization), while the latter always came to be used after -л- (hence the lack of palatalization of -л- before -ка). Suffix ru suffix (added to (normally feminine) nouns, forms diminutives, sometimes with a further change in meaning) ru жи́ла vein жи́лка veinlet, small vein ru моги́ла grave моги́лка small grave ru бума́га paper, document бума́жка small document ru ку́кла doll, puppet genitive plural ru ку́кол ку́колка small doll, pupa ru пчела́ bee пчёлка small bee ru вода́ water во́дка vodka originally, "something diluted with water" (added to nouns denoting classes of people, forms the feminine equivalent; replaces the suffix ru -ец if present) ru ленингра́дец resident of Leningrad ленингра́дка female resident of Leningrad (added to verbs, forms abstract nouns or nouns indicating the result of the action) ru закали́ть to temper, to harden зака́лка tempering, hardening; training for endurance ru мочи́ть to soak, to wet мо́чка soaking, wetting ru отде́лать to finish, to trim отде́лка finishing, trimming; finish, trim ru подде́лать to counterfeit, to fake подде́лка counterfeit, imitation, fake, forgery ru блоки́ровать to block блокиро́вка blocking, blockage (added to verbs, forms instruments or tools) ru заколо́ть to attach with a pin зако́лка barrette ru пили́ть to saw пи́лка fretsaw; fingernail file (added to adjectives or numerals, forms colloquial nouns with the meaning of a carrier of the adjective's or numeral's properties) ru минера́льный mineral relational минера́лка mineral water colloquial; mineral fertilizer colloquial ru зени́тный zenith relational; anti-aircraft relational зени́тка anti-aircraft gun colloquial ru полтора́ one and a half oblique cases ru полу́тора полу́торка small apartment consisting of a medium-sized room and a small room colloquial; GAZ-AA-brand truck with a 1.5-ton payload colloquial ru запрещённый forbidden запрещёнка something forbidden colloquial Usage notes When ru -ка is appended to someone's name (e.g. "Ava-shka"), it acts as a diminuitive, and shows endearment. Note the following properties: If the stress is on the ending, it is drawn onto the preceding syllable. Unstressed е may turn into ё when stressed. ru вода́ water во́дка vodka ru бечева́ twine бечёвка twine (originally, "small twine") If the stress is not on the ending, it generally remains in the same place, but when added onto verbs ending in ru -и́ровать, the stress moves onto ru -ов-. ru блоки́ровать to block блокиро́вка blocking, blockage A velar may turn into a palatal as a result of the Slavic first palatalization. This is due to the ru *ь that was formerly present at the beginning of one variant of the suffix. ru апте́ка pharmacy апте́чка medicine box ru бума́га paper бума́жка small document If the noun is feminine or neuter and reducible, the unreduced stem (as found in the genitive plural) is used. This happens frequently when the suffix is added onto a noun already in diminutive form. ru ку́кла doll, puppet genitive plural ru ку́кол ку́колка small doll, pupa ru бу́дка booth genitive plural ru бу́док бу́дочка small booth Declension a -ка -ок,-ек Derived terms ru Related terms ru -о́к ru -очка, ru -ечка ru -ишка Descendants az -ka See also ru -то References ru noun-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes Serbo-Croatian Etymology sh sla-pro *-ъka. Suffix Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name. See also sh -инка sh -енка sh -овка Solombala English Etymology crp-slb :inh ru:-ка + * Pronunciation English accent: crp-slb [-kə] Russian accent: crp-slb [-kə] Suffix crp-slb suffix Forms colloquial adverbs. crp-slb much en мачка much Derived terms crp-slb References 95 Ukrainian Pronunciation Etymology 1 uk dim :inh sla-pro:*-ъka<id:suffix> uk sla-pro *-ъka. Compare sv -ska. Suffix uk suffix noun-forming suffixes diminutive suffixes f-pr f-in masculine equivalents -ок or -ій or -ець Suffix appended to words to create a feminine noun, denoting a part, profession, feature, membership, origin, social status, complexion, proper name, abstract noun or animal's name. uk секрета́р secretary секрета́рка female secretary Appended to feminine nouns creates diminutive forms. Appended to numerals creates collective nouns. uk сім seven сі́мка the seven Declension ((-́ка<*.nom:-́ка>, -́ка<pr.*.nom:-́ка>)) Derived terms uk Etymology 2 Suffix uk suffix form -ка uk -кий f nom s Suffix uk suffix form -ка́ m n uk -ко gen//acc s ; nom//acc//voc p Suffix uk suffix form -ка́ m uk -ок gen s Related terms uk -вка -лка -нка -шка Coordinate terms uk -ака -яка -ука -юка References uk uk:Лев Миха́йлович Полю́га uk:Полюга Лев Михайлович 2001 uk:Словник українських морфем<t:Dictionary of Ukrainian morphemes> uk:Львів uk:Світ 966-603-105-1 uk Ukrainian terms suffixed with -а