411 REFERENCE · Wiktionary
-th
Reference material by Wiktionary contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Appendix:Variations of "th"
English
Pronunciation
en /-θ/
en
Etymology 1
en abstract nominal
From en enm -the abstract nominal, enm -th, enm -te, enm -t abstract nominal suffix, from en ang -þ, ang -t, ang -þu, ang -tu, ang -þo, ang -to -th abstract nominal suffix, from en gem-pro *-iþō, from en ine-pro *-iteh₂. Cognate with sco -th, fy -te, nl -te, nds -de, da -de, sv -d, is -ð, is -d, got -𐌹𐌸𐌰, la -itās -ty, -ity. See en -ity, en -t.
Suffix
noun-forming suffixes
en no longer productive suffix forms nouns from verbs of action
en grow growth
en heal health
en steal stealth
en bear birth
en <<no longer productive suffix>> except in some <<informal>> words forms nouns of quality from adjectives
en warm warmth
en long length
en wide width
en deep depth
en strong strength
Alternative forms
en -t th
Synonyms
formed from verbs en -ing, en -ation
formed from adjectives en -ness, en -ity, en -cy, en -itude
Derived terms
en -th (abstract nominal)
Etymology 2
From en enm -the ordinal, enm -th, enm -te, enm -t ordinal suffix, from en ang -þa, ang -þe, ang -oþa, ang -oþe, derived from a en ine-pro - superlative suffix. en
Suffix
adjective-forming suffixes noun-forming suffixes en productive suffix
en ordinal Used to form the en ordinal numeral when the final term of the spelled number is not “first”, “second”, or “third”.
en the 4th/Fourth of July
en Allison Williams I Braved Washington’s First In-N-Out Burger Line w:Seattle Met https://www.seattlemet.com/travel-and-outdoors/2025/08/washington-first-in-n-out-line 2025-08-21 Washington’s first outpost of the California-born burger joint opened Wednesday after long anticipation and a few fake-outs (like the prank sign someone posted in Wallingford in June). Problem is, it’s located in Ridgefield, a suburb of Vancouver, Washington. Ridgefield is the 424th location. https://web.archive.org/web/20250828035047/https://www.seattlemet.com/travel-and-outdoors/2025/08/washington-first-in-n-out-line
en mathematics Used to form a term denoting the ordinal numeral corresponding to the value, being a natural number, of a mathematical expression.
en The th term of a geometrical progression whose first term is and common ratio is is given by .
en fraction Used to form the en denominator of a en fraction.
en one seventh; three tenths
Usage notes
Some numbers undergo a change in spelling: en five fifth, en eight eighth, en nine ninth, en twenty twentieth. See -eth
Use of this suffix with numbers ending in en one, en two, or en three is occasionally heard in speech, particularly in forming fractions (en **thirty-twoth) but is considered highly nonstandard.
In older texts, this suffix, and the other suffixes for forming ordinals, may be seen written as superscripts: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th. This is considered old-fashioned; the current preference is to write (when not spelling the numbers), 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th.
When used to suffix a mathematical expression, a hyphen is sometimes inserted: -th term.
Coordinate terms
en -nd
en -rd
en -st
Derived terms
en -th (ordinal)
Translations
used to form the ordinal numeral
Altai:
Southern Altai: alt -нчы ,alt -нчи, alt -ынчы, alt -инчи, alt -унчы, alt -ӱнчи
Arabic: no specific suffixes are used
Armenian: hy -րդ, hy -երորդ
Azerbaijani: az -inci, az -nci, az -ıncı, az -üncü, az -uncu
Breton: br -vet
Catalan: ca -è, ca -èsim
Chinese:
Cantonese: yue 第 dai6... 第……
Dungan: dng ди ди ...
Hakka: hak 第 thi... 第……
Hokkien: nan-hbl 第 tē... 第……
Mandarin: cmn 第 dì... 第……
Wu: wuu 第 第……
Dhivehi: dv ވަނަ
Esperanto: eo -a
Finnish: fi -s
French: fr -ième
Galician: gl -ésimo m
German: de -te for: 0, 1, 2, ..., 19, de -ste for: 20, 21, 22, ..., 99, 100, 1000
Greek:
Ancient Greek: grc -τος
Hebrew: he ־י -i
Hindi: hi वां -वां
Ido: io -esma
Indonesian: id ke-
Irish: ga -ú
Old Irish: sga -mad
Italian: it -esimo, it -to 4, 5, 6, it -imo 7, 10
Japanese: ja 第 だい..., dai... 第..., ja 目 ...め, ...me ...目, ja 番目 ...ばんめ, ...banme ...番目
Khmer: km ទី tii- ទី-
Korean: ko 째 -째, ko 제 제-, ko 번째 ~ 번째
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: kmr -em, kmr -emîn, kmr -an, kmr -a, kmr -ê
Kyrgyz: ky -ынчы, ky -инчи, ky -унчу, ky -үнчү, ky -нчы, ky -нчи, ky -нчу, ky -нчү
Lao: lo ທີ່ ທີ່-
Latin: la -ēsimus, la -ēnsimus
Malay:
Jawi: ms ک-
Rumi: ms ke-
Malayalam: ml -ആം, ml -ആമത്തെ
Marathi: mr -वा
Middle English: enm -the
Occitan: oc -en
Old Church Slavonic: cu -ъ, cu -ьнъ
Persian: fa ـم -om
Polish: pl -y, pl -ty
Portuguese: pt -ésimo productive; 20, 30, 40, …, 100, 1000, 1000000, …, pt -eiro 1, 3, 11, 13, 21, 23, 31, 33, …, pt -to 4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, …, pt -avo 8, 18, 28, …, pt -imo 7, 10, 11, 20, 30, 40, …
Russian: various endings exist ru -ый, ru -о́й m, ru -ий m
Spanish: es -ero 1, 3, 11, 13, 21, 23, 31, 33, ..., es -to 4, 5, 6, 14, 15, 16, 24, 25, 26, ..., es -avo 8, 18, 28, ..., es -imo 7, 10, 11, 12, es -ésimo 20, 30, 40, 50, ... 100, ...
Sundanese: su ka-
Swedish: sv -te, sv -de
Tagalog: tl ika-
Tajik: tg -ум
Thai: th ที่ ที่-
Tigrinya: ti -ይ from 1 to 10, ti መበል - from 11
Turkish: tr -inci, tr -nci, tr -ıncı, tr -ncı, tr -üncü, tr -uncu
Vietnamese: vi thứ thứ ...
Welsh: cy -fed, cy -ed, cy -ydd, cy -edd
Zazaki: zza -nki, zza -n
Etymology 3
From en enm -eth, enm -th, from en ang -eþ, ang -aþ, ang -þ.
Suffix
inflectional suffixes
en inflection en archaic A variant of -eth, used to form the archaic third-person singular indicative present tense of verbs.
come → en cometh cometh
have → en hath hath
do → en doth doth
say → en saith saith
Anagrams
en ht HT h/t ht
Albanian
Etymology
sq sqj-pro *-ts, from sq ine-pro *-ḱos.
Suffix
sq suffix m
Used to form the diminutive.
Derived terms
sq
Lower Tanana
Etymology
From taa theth skin, from taa ath-pro -.
Pronunciation
taa /θ/
Noun
taa noun
skin; combining form of taa theth.
Derived terms
taa
Related terms
taa dheth skin, bag
References
454
taa Anatomy
Middle English
Etymology 1
enm -ness :inh ang:-þ<id:u-stem>
From enm ang -þ u-stem, from enm gmw-pro *-þu, from enm gem-pro *-þuz, from enm ine-pro *-tus.
Alternative forms
enm -d -þ -þe
enm -t -te following fricatives
Pronunciation
enm /-θ/ /-d/ /-t/
Suffix
enm suffix
enm unproductive suffix Forms abstract nouns denoting a state or attribute, usually from adjectives but occasionally from verbs; en -th, en -ness
Derived terms
enm -th
Descendants
en -th -t conflated with enm -the abstract nominal < gem-pro *-iþō, gem-pro *-þiz
sco -th -t conflated with enm -the abstract nominal < gem-pro *-iþō, gem-pro *-þiz
References
-th(e suf MED45078
Etymology 2
See enm -the abstract nominal
Suffix
enm suffix 1
enm -the abstract nominal abstract nominal suffix
Etymology 3
See enm -the ordinal.
Suffix
enm suffix 1
enm -the ordinal ordinal suffix
enm noun-forming suffixes
Mohawk
Suffix
moh suffix
forms instrumentals
References
417