Ch'ang-chih

English Etymology From en cmn 長治 en cmn-wadegiles - romanization: Chʻang²-chih⁴.Changzhi, Wade-Giles romanization Ch’ang-chih, in Encyclopædia Britannicaen 1972 Shabad Theodore Index China's Changing Map https://archive.org/details/chinaschangingma0000unse/ New York Frederick A. Praeger 71-178868 482667885 345, 347 https://archive.org/details/chinaschangingma0000unse/page/347/ Chinese place names are listed in three common spelling styles:(2) the Wade-Giles system,shown after the main entry(3) the Chinese Communists' own Pinyin romanization system, which also appears in parenthesesChangchih (Ch’ang-chih, Changzhi)en 1995 China The New Encyclopedia Britannica https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia0016unse/ 15th 16 0-85229-605-3 93-073891 32056397 42 https://archive.org/details/newencyclopaedia0016unse/page/42/ 1 Conventional/Wade-Giles PinyinCh'ang-chih.......Changzhi Proper noun 1 1 en Changzhi. en 1970 w:Thomas P. Bernstein Keeping the revolution going: Problems of village leadership after land reform w:John Wilson Lewis Party Leadership and Revolutionary Power in China https://archive.org/details/partyleadershipr0000unse/ w:Cambridge University Press 0-521-07792-3 72-120056 94625 245 https://archive.org/details/partyleadershipr0000unse/page/245/ A study of 6 Party branches in Ch’ang-chih Special District, Shansi, showed that 39 of 141 Party members engaged in exploitation. en 1971 Donald W. Klein; Anne B. Clark Song Renqiong Sun Jen-ch’iung Biographic Dictionary of Chinese Communism 1921-1965 https://archive.org/details/biographicdictio02klei/ II Cambridge, Massachusetts w:Harvard University Press 69-12725 133822 788 https://archive.org/details/biographicdictio02klei/page/788/ 1 Moving into eastern Shansi, the 129th division engaged the Japanese in October along the Cheng-t’ai Railroad (running from Shih-chia-chuang, Hopeh to Taiyuan, Shansi), and after the Japanese broke through the Communist lines, Liu’s division established its major base in the T’ai-hang Mountains north of Ch’ang-chih in southeastern Shansi. en 1973 Michael Sullivan The Period of the Warring States The Arts of China https://archive.org/details/artsofchina0000sull_r0k8/ 0-351-18334-5 758461631 52 https://archive.org/details/artsofchina0000sull_r0k8/page/52/ In vessels unearthed in 1923 at Li-yü, and more recently in the much more prosperous and important area of Ch‘ang-chih in Central Shansi, the décor of flat interlocking bands of dragons looks forward to the restless, intricate decoration of the mature Huai style; but in their robust forms, in the tiger masks which top their legs and the realistic birds and other creatures which adorn their lids, these vessels recall the vigour of an earlier age. en 1977 René Yvon Lefebvre d'Argencé Han Bronze Vessels of Ancient China in the Avery Brundage Collection https://archive.org/details/bronzevesselsofa00asia/ w:Kodansha International 77-716-72 4067797 130 https://archive.org/details/bronzevesselsofa00asia/page/130/ A Ho of this type, but not inlaid, was discovered in a Warring States tomb just outside the Ch'ang-chih shih, Shansi in 1955 (see Kaogu, 1964, no. 3, PI. 2, fig. 4 and p. 126, fig. 15. en 1982 Thomas Lawton Bronze Vessels, Fittings, and Weapons Chinese Art of the Warring States Period https://archive.org/details/chineseartofwarr00lawt/ w:Smithsonian Institution 0-934686-50-5 82-600184 13520365 8390737M 79 https://archive.org/details/chineseartofwarr00lawt/page/79/ 1 Further support for the Shansi provenance came in 1965, when a bronze quadruped with identical ornamentation and of approximately the same size as the Freer example was unearthed in tomb 126, at Fen-shui-ling, Ch'ang-chih, Shansi Province.² However, a bronze human figure holding a shallow rimmed basket mounted on the back of the quadruped from Ch'ang-chih indicates that the piece actually did serve as a container. There is no indication that the Freer quadruped ever supported such a figure or that it was meant to be used tor any related function. en Translations Changzhi References Further reading en 1952 Changchih or Ch’ang-chih Leon E. Seltzer The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World https://archive.org/details/columbialippinco00selt/ Morningside Heights, NY Columbia University Press 802473294 369 https://archive.org/details/columbialippinco00selt/page/369/ 2