Augustus Addison Gould

Augustus Addison Gould (April 23, 1805 – September 15, 1866) was an American physician, naturalist, and internationally renowned conchologist. He was elected in 1849 a member of the American Philosophical Society and in 1863 was appointed one of the fifty original members of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, when that academy was created by the U.S. Congress. Gould served from 1864 to 1866 as the president of the Massachusetts Medical Society. Quotes The study of Natural history Natural History has become so extensive as to call for a great multiplication of books upon the subject. A few years ago, the translation of Buffon, which appeared under the title of “Goldsmith's Animated Nature,” was almost the only work in popular use. Even when its utter want of accuracy and adaptation to the improved state of science, was generally known, ti will continue to be reprinted, and was probably the instrument of disseminating nearly as much error as truth.But within a short period, several excellent works have appeared in Europe, combining in a good degree, popular and pleasing descriptions of animals, with scientific accuracy. In the present volume, an attempt has been made to compile from these a more complete and comprehensive body of popular and scientific Zoology than has heretofore appeared, in any form accessible to common readers. The Naturalist's Library: Containing Scientific and Popular Descriptions of Man, Quadrupeds, Birds, Fishes, Reptiles and Insects Boston Phillips, Sampson, and Company 1856 Advertisement https://books.google.com/books?id=pRc0AQAAMAAJ&pg=PR3 (880 pages with 400 engravings; 1st edition 1833; edited by A. A. Gould) The Mollusca ... are animals of a gelatinous or semi-fibrous structure, having no solid frame-work or skeleton, and being without jointed limbs. They reside both on land and in Fresh water fresh and Saline water salt water. The variety in their structure, to adapt them to this diversity of habit, is very great; and their digestive and generative organs are as much varied to constitute them Carnivore carnivorous and Herbivore herbivorous, Oviparity oviparous and Viviparity viviparous, as they are in the higher orders of animals.Though none of the molluscous or soft animals have any thing like a skeleton, and some of them have nothing solid in any way attached to them, yet the great majority have the power of secreting a solid structure which serves them as a habitation and a protection. Report on the Invertebrata of Massachusetts: Comprising the Mollusca, Crustacea, Annelida, and Radiata; for the Massachusetts Zoological & Botanical Survey, sponsored by the Mass. Zoological & Botanical Survey Commission Cambridge, Massachusetts Folsom, Wells, and Thurston, printers 1841 https://books.google.com/books?id=5E49AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1 1 (373 pages) With rare exceptions, the Seashell shells were collected on the sea-beach and coral reefs, very few opportunities having been afforded for obtaining specimens from deep water, by the dredge on account of the incessant employment of the men and boats on special hydrographical duties.Several zoological provinces not previously explored were examined, and furnished most interesting groups of specimens. Among them are the collections made at Tierra del Fuego, the land-shells of the Society Islands Society and Samoan Islands Samoa Islands, as well as other Pacific islands; and the marine shells of Oregon,—more especially those from Puget Sound, every one of which appears to be new to collection.In some genera the number of new species added is quite remarkable; for instance, the species added to the genus Succinea equal all those previously known. The genera Trochus, Perna (bivalve) Perna, Avicula, and Mytilus (bivalve) Mytilus have been greatly augmented. Introduction Mollusca & Shells Volume 12 of United States exploring expedition. During the years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U. S. N Boston Gould & Lincoln 1852 https://books.google.com/books?id=NkF8id1_AfoC&pg=PR7 v–xv (quote from p. vii; 510 pages) In the number of the The New England Journal of Medicine Boston Medical and Surgical Journal for Sept. 10, 1865, I gave a table, derived from the 1860 United States census United States Census of 1860, showing the comparative proportion of deaths from Tuberculosis consumption and from fevers in each of the States, with some speculations as to the proximate causes of those diseases, and the differences in their distribution. It was shown that the mortality for consumption regularly decreases from North to South, and is only about one tenth part as frequent a cause of death in Georgia as in Maine; and again, that with the great class of fevers the reverse is the case, so that if the deaths from the two causes were added together for each of the States, their sums would be nearly equal, and constitute nearly an equal proportion of all the deaths occurring in each State. In other words, theses two classes of disease are in a great measure supplementary to each other. I have since analyzed the 1850 United States censur census for 1850 in the same way, and find the figures for 1860 fully corroborated. Climatology of Consumption.—No. II January 5, 1865 The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal 71 23 449–451 10.1056/NEJM186501050712301 https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM186501050712301 External links Category:1805 births Category:1866 deaths Category:Harvard University alumni Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Category:Naturalists from the United States Category:People from New Hampshire Category:Physicians from Boston Category:Scientists from Boston Category:Zoologists from the United States