Polish/Locative case

Locative case (miejscownik) Locative case are used in the following contexts: When describing the location of something or someone When thinking or talking about something or someone When writing about something or someone The locative case answers the questions where? (gdzie?) as well as the questions about what? (o czym?) and about whom? (o kim?). The locative case appears when the noun is controlled by one of the following prepositions: Preposition English Example W[e] in I'm in the shop Na on The cafe is on the square (object is not moving) Po on The girl is walking on the square (subject is moving) Przy Next to The car is parked next to the tree Po After Shall we dance after the dinner O About I'm thinking about you Singular Nouns The apostrophe indicates historical softening. It is helpful to review the hard and soft consonants table before continuing. Gender Rule Ending Examples MasculineNeuter After stems ending in p, b, f, w, t, d, s, z, m, n, r, ł -'e teatr > w teatrze, zeszyt > w zeszycie, okno > przy oknie After all other stems -u w kiosku, na kocu, w biurku, na łóżku Feminine After stems ending in p, b, f, w, t, d, s, z, m, n, r, ł, k, g, h, ch -'e szkoła > w szkole, poczta > na poczcie After stems ending in ci, dzi, l, ni, si, wi, zi -i w sali After all other stems -y w pracy Examples: Mieszkam w Polsce (I live in Poland). Mieszkam we Wrocławiu (I live in Wrocław). Jestem w aptece (I'm in pharmacy). Adjectives Gender Rule Ending Examples MasculineNeuter After stems ending in g, k or i -im drogim, wszystkim, tanim After all other stems -ym dobrym, zielonym Feminine After stems ending in g, k or i -iej drogiej, wszystkiej, taniej After all other stems -ej dobrej, zielonej Plural Nouns Gender Ending Examples Masculine -ach w teatrach, w zeszytach, w koskach, na kocach Neuter w biurkach, na łóżkach, przy oknach Feminine w szkołach, na pocztach, w pracach, w salach Adjectives Gender Rule Ending Examples MasculineNeuterFeminine After stems ending in g, k or i -ich drogich, tanich, wszystkich After all other stems -ych dobrych, ciepłych, małych Pronouns Personal pronouns English Nominative Locative nothing nic niczym no one nikt nikim I ja mnie you (informal singular) ty tobie he on nim she ona niej it ono nim you (formal masculine) pan panu you (formal feminine) pani pani we my nas you (informal plural) wy was you (formal masculine plural) panowie panach you (formal feminine plural) panie paniach you (formal mixed gender plural) państwo państwu they (masculine or mixed gender) oni nich they (feminine) one nich reflexive sobie Possessive pronouns type my, mine your, yours (singular) your, yours (plural) our, ours masculine mój moim twój twoim wasz waszym nasz naszym neuter moje moim twoje twoim wasze waszym nasze naszym feminine moja mojej twoja twojej wasza waszej nasza naszej masc. pers. pl moi moich twoi twoich wasi waszych nasi naszych other pl. moje moich twoje twoich wasze waszych nasze naszych Interrogative pronouns English Nominative Locative what? co? czym? who? kto? kim? Relative, demonstrative and intensive pronouns type which / who what / what kind this / that self / same masculine który którym jaki jakim ten tym sam samym neuter które którym jakie jakim to tym samo samym feminine która której jaka jakiej ta tej sama samej masc. pers. pl którzy których jacy jakich ci tych sami samych other pl. które których jakie jakich te tych same samych See also Locative case#Polish — the English Wikipedia page has a lot of examples, including Polish language.