Urdu/Basic Urdu

Using Subject and Predicate Logic I am a student : main student hoon You are a soldier : tum sipahi hoo Subject here is : Main, tum Predicate here is : student hoon, sipahi hoo To be (Auxiliary verb) It is called Hoonaa in Urdu Auxiliaries with respect to Present Tense hoon: Usage with first person hoo: Usage with second person informal hain: Usage in plural sense These are our things: Yeh hamari cheezain hain What are you doing ? : Tum kya kar rahay hoo I am in trouble? : Main mushkil main ghira hoon Auxiliaries with respect to Past Tense thaa : usage with masculine and singular thay : usage with plural and masculine thii : usage with singular and feminine thiin : usage with plural and feminine Nouns In Urdu there are only two genders namely Masculine and Feminine. It is very difficult for a new user to differentiate between the two genders easily; instead, the gender of each noun should be memorized. There are some helpful guidelines to determine them: Masculine Nouns: Nouns ending in aa are normally masculine Dadaa : Grandfather Abaa : Father Bache: boy (child) Bakraa : Male Goat Feminine Nouns: Nouns ending in ii are normally feminine dadii : grandmother amii: Mother bachii: girl (child) Bakrii: female goat There may be some exceptions to these rules. For e.g friend or dost could be a girlfriend or boyfriend although the other part of the sentence may disclose the gender (e.g. from adjective or verb agreement). It it also possible to make a noun out of a verb. All verbs are normally masculine where used as infinitives. Some endings may be used to derive a noun from them 1. ii, n, hat and waat may be used to make a feminine noun of a verb muskaan : muskaraana : muskrarahat 2. oo, 'pan', may be used to make a masculine noun of a given verb