Handbook of Management Scales/Prudence

Prudence (CR = 0.75) Description Hofstede's five cultural factors are reconceptualized as ten personal cultural orientations: independence, interdependence, power, social inequality, masculinity, gender equality, risk aversion, ambiguity intolerance, tradition, and prudence. A new 40-item scale is developed to measure these personal cultural orientations. Much effort has been invested in ensuring validity, reliability, and cross-cultural measurement equivalence of the new scale. Definition Prudence is defined as a personal cultural orientation that represents planning, perseverance, thrift, and future orientation. Items I believe in planning for the long term. (0.78) I work hard for success in the future. (0.76) I am willing to give up today’s fun for success in the future. (0.75) I do not give up easily even if I do not succeed on my first attempt. (0.72) Source Sharma (2010): Measuring Personal Cultural Orientations: Scale Development and Validation. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Vol. 38, No. 6, pp. 787–806