Flora of New York/Nymphaeales & magnoliids

Nymphaeales, Piperales, Laurales, Magnoliales Pinales Acorales & Alismatales basal angiosperms & magnolids introduction This page is the start of the angiosperms or flowering plants, which comprise the bulk of this guide. It starts with the order Nymphaeales and continues with the three orders of the Magnoliidae that are found in New York.Flora of New York/Clade MagnoliidaeFlora of New York/Clade angiosperms Order Nymphaeales The order Nymphaeales contains the aquatic flowering plant families Hydatellaceae, Cabombaceae, and Nymphaeaceae. Only the latter two have taxa found outside of cultivation in New York. Aside from Amborella, a shrub endemic to New Caledonia, the Nymphaeales are considered to be the oldest lineage of angiosperms. Most estimates put the age of the Nymphaeales at well over 100 million years.P.F. Stevens, (2001-2015). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, April 2015. Family Cabombaceae Two Cabombaceae (water-shield family) species are found in New York. One, Cabomba caroliniana, is rare in most of the state but has the potential to be a highly invasive exotic plant. Brasenia The only extant species of Brasenia (B. schreberi) is native to New York, as well as much of the rest of the world. Nymphaeales Cabombaceae Brasenia Brasenia Brasenia 820 1 Brase 1 Brasenia schreberi J.F.Gmel. 1791 Brasenia schreberi J.F.Gmel. Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].: 853 (1791) 1803 Hydropeltis purpurea Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 324 (1803) 1813 Brasenia peltata Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. 2: 389 (1813), nom. superfl. 1813 Brasenia hydropeltis Muhl. Cat. 55, Raf. Med. Fl. 1: 90. F. 17. (1813) 1862 Cabomba peltata F.Muell. Pl. Victoria: 15 (1862), nom. illeg. 1874 Brasenia purpurea (Michx.) Casp. (Michx.) Casp. Water-shield Watershield Schreber's watershield Purple wen-dock Water-target Brasénie de Schreber Native Secure 8 OBL Perennial Herb-forb S5, G5 652 47 counties 47 counties 75867-Brasenia-schreberi 50 counties 50 counties BRSC NN 2882446 605270-1 4140 brasenia/schreberi 400190 200007077 22600001 BRSC Brasenia%20schreberi BraseniaAlt.jpg 120 Cabomba Cabomba caroliniana 5447103.jpg Cabomba caroliniana Native to the southeastern United States, Cabomba caroliniana (Carolina fanwort) is considered to be an alien invasive plant in the Northwest and Northeast, including New York, where it is listed as highly invasive.Carolina fanwort description at Western New York PRISM (Partnership for Regional Invasive Species Management). SUNY Buffalo State. Although the 2008 New York State Invasiveness rank for Cabomba caroliniana was 72.34% (high invasiveness), Jordan, M.J., G. Moore and T.W. Weldy. 2008. Invasiveness ranking system for non-native plants of New York. Unpublished. The Nature Conservancy, Cold Spring Harbor, NY; Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Brooklyn, NY; The Nature Conservancy, Albany, NY. the New York Flora Atlas in 2024 lists the native status for this plant as Unknown.Werier, David, Kyle Webster, Troy Weldy, Andrew Nelson, Richard Mitchell†, and Robert Ingalls†. 2024 New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. Nymphaeales Cabombaceae Cabomba Cabomba Fanwort 618 1 Cabomba caroliniana A.Gray 1821 Cabomba aquatica DC. 1830 Cabomba pinnata (Pursh) Schult.& Schult.f. 1837 Cabomba caroliniana A.Gray 1841 Nectris caroliniana (A. Gray) Steud. Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 2: 188 (1841) 1880 Cabomba australis Speg. Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 10: 219 (1880) 1903 Cabomba caroliniana A.Gray pulcherrima R.M.Harper Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 328 (1903) 1953 Cabomba pulcherrima (R.M.Harper) Fassett Castanea 18: 121 (1953) 1956 Cabomba caroliniana A.Gray paucipartita Ramsh. & Florsch. Acta Bot. Neerl. 5: 342 (1956) Fanwort Carolina fanwort Purple fanwort Carolina watershield Green cabomba Cabomba de Caroline Introduced southeast US South America Highly invasive Prohibited 72%Cabomba caroliniana High 72 3 OBL Perennial Aquatic herb SNR, G3-G5 651 8 counties Broome, Jefferson, Orange, Queens, Rockland, Suffolk, Ultster, Westchester CACA NN 2882443 75921-Cabomba-caroliniana 273581-2 280 4141 cabomba/caroliniana 18408 400193 233500297 Cabomba_caroliniana 22600009 Cabomba%20caroliniana Cabomba caroliniana nymap.svg 7 counties Cabomba caroliniana 5447100 (2x3).jpg Family Nymphaeaceae Six Nymphaeaceae (water-lily family) taxa in two genera are found in New York. All are native to the region and appear to be fairly secure. Nuphar Nuphar variegatum.jpg Nuphar variegata Species of the genus Nuphar are commonly known as pond-lilies or spatterdocks. Nymphaeales Nymphaeaceae Nupharoideae Nuphar Nuphar Pond-lily 268 4 Sm. Astylus Nuphar variegata Durand 1956 Nuphar lutea variegata (Durand) E.O.Beal 1866 Nuphar variegata Durand 1912 Nymphaea fraterna G.S.Mill.& Standl. 1912 Nymphaea americana G.S.Mill.& Standl. 1931 Nuphar fraterna (G.S.Mill. & Standl.) Standl. Common yellow pond-lily Common spatter-dock Common cow-lily Variegated yellow pond-lily Northern yellow pond-lily Bullhead yellow pond-lily Grand nénuphar jaune Native Secure 3 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1939 46 counties Nuphar variegata - Lakes, ponds, slow-moving stream sections. NULUV NN Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. subsp. variegata (Durand) E.O. Beal nuphar/variegata 412218 233500821 Nuphar%20variegata Nuphar variegata c (16156967017).jpg Nuphar advena (Aiton) W.T.Aiton 1789 Nymphaea advena Aiton Hortus Kew. 2: 226 (1789) 1811 Nuphar advena (Aiton) W.T.Aiton Hortus Kew. 3: 295 (1811) 1822 Nenuphar advena (Aiton) Link Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 70 (1822) 1949 Nuphar advena (Aiton) W.T.Aiton typica R.T.Clausen Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Mem. 291: 7 (1949), not validly publ. 1989 Nuphar lutea (L.) Sibth. & Sm. advena (Aiton) Kartesz & Gandhi Phytologia 67: 463 (1989) 2007 Castalia advena (Aiton) Conz. Fl. Taxon Mex. 10: 31 (2007), incorrect basionym ref. Broad-leaved yellow pond-lily Immigrant pond-lily Broad-leaved yellow cow-lily Broad-leaved spatterdock Broad-leaved bull-head lily Nénuphar à feuilles émergentes Nénutar à feuilles émergentes Native Secure 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb S5 1938 28 counties 28 counties NULUA NN 82504-Nuphar-advena 30043701-2 281 6711 nuphar/advena Nuphar%20advena Nuphar advena ssp advena NY-dist-map.png 27 counties Nuphar advena kz01 (2x3).jpg Nuphar Pond-lily 268 4 Sm. Nuphar Nuphar microphylla (Pers.) Fernald 1806 Nymphaea microphylla Pers. 1811 Nuphar kalmiana (Michx.) W. T. Aiton 1838 Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. kalmiana (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray 1917 Nuphar microphylla (Pers.) Fernald 1919 Nymphozanthus microphyllus (Pers.) Fernald auct Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. pumila (Timm) E.O. Beal misapplied Small yellow pond-lily Small yellow cow-lily Dwarf spatterdock Native Secure 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1940 5 NULUP2 NN nuphar/microphylla Nuphar%20microphylla Nuphar pumila NY-dist-map.png Nuphar pumilum2.jpg Nuphar × rubrodisca Nuphar microphylla Nuphar variegata 1886 Nuphar rubrodisca Morong 1994 Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. rubrodisca (Morong) Hellq. & Wiersema Red-disked yellow pond-lily Red-disked spatter-dock Peck's yellow pond-lily small yellow pond-lily common yellow pond-lily Native Likely secure OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1942 3-5 NULUR NN nuphar/microphylla 416107 Nuphar%20X%20rubrodisca Nuphar topView DSCN9622.JPG Nuphar Pond-lily 268 X Sm. (excluded species) Nuphar polysepala × variegata Nuphar polysepala × variegata Nuphar polysepala Nuphar variegata small yellow pond-lily common yellow pond-lily N. America native Excluded X 153 EXCLUDED nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Nymphaea Nymphaea odorata water lily 3365.jpg Nymphaea odorata Two subspecies of Nymphaea odorata (white water lilies) occur in New York. Nymphaeales Nymphaeaceae Nymphaeoideae Nymphaea Nymphaea Waterlily 58 2 Nymphaea odorata Aiton odorata 1789 Nymphaea odorata Aiton 1806 Castalia odorata (Aiton) Wood White water-lily American white water-lily Fragrant water-lily Sweet-scented white water-lily Pond-lily Great white water-lily Nymphéa odorant Native Secure 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1937 5 Lakes, ponds, and slow moving water of streams. NYODO N 6720 25441 Nymphaea odorata ssp odorata NY-dist-map.png Nymphaea odorata0.jpg Nymphaea odorata Aiton tuberosa (Paine) Wiersma & Hellq. 1865 Nymphaea tuberosa Paine 1888 Castalia tuberosa (Paine) Greene 1966 Nymphaea odorata Aiton maxima (Conrad ex L.H. Bailey) B. Boivin 1994 Nymphaea odorata Aiton tuberosa (Paine) Wiersema & Hellq. Tuberous white water-lily Large white water-lily American white waterlily Nymphéa tubéreux Lis d'eau Nénuphar blanc Nymphée tubéreuse Native Likely secure 5 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1941 5? Lakes, ponds, and slow moving water of streams. NYODT N 6722 410438 Nymphaea odorata ssp tuberosa NY-dist-map.png Nymphaea odorata (2).jpg Order Piperales The order Piperales Family Aristolochiaceae The Aristolochiaceae (Birthwort family) Subfamily Asaroideae Asarum Asarum canadense 4.jpg Asarum canadenseWild ginger Although wild ginger (Asarum canadense) has some similarities to Zingiber officinale (true ginger in the order Zingerbales), it is at least somewhat toxic and is not appropriate for use as a food additive. Piperales Aristolochiaceae Asaroideae Asarum Asarum Wild ginger 37 1 Asarum canadense L. 1753 Asarum canadense L. 1897 Asarum canadense L. acuminatum Ashe 1897 Asarum reflexum ambiguum E.P.Bicknell 1898 Asarum acuminatum (Ashe) E.P.Bicknell 1898 Asarum reflexum E.P.Bicknell 1907 Asarum ambiguum (E.P.Bicknell) Daniels Canada wild ginger Canadian wildginger Wild ginger Asarabacca Asaret du Canada Asaret gingembre Gingembre sauvage Native Secure 8 FACU UPL Perennial Herb-forb 147 5 Slopes and bases of slopes in rich mesic forests with deep or calcareous soils and occasionally somewhat drier forests over limestone. ASCA NN 2698 asarum/canadense 402526 233500168 2500002 Asarum+canadense Asarum%20canadense Asarum canadense WFNY-046 (17804581864).jpg Hexastylis Piperales Aristolochiaceae Asaroideae Hexastylis Hexastylis Heartleaf 0 Raf. Hexastylis shuttleworthii (Britten & Baker f.) Small shuttleworthii 1898 Asarum shuttleworthii Britten & Baker f. 1903 Hexastylis shuttleworthii Small Large-flowered heartleaf Largeflower heartleaf Introduced US South US South native Not naturalized FACU 7608 m not listed HESHS N0 233500673 Hexastylis shuttleworthii var shuttleworthii NY-dist-map.png Hexastylis shuttleworthii.jpg 120 Subfamily Aristolochioideae Subfamily Aristolochioideae. Aristolochia s.l. is here seaprated into 3 genera (Endodeca, Isotrema, and Aristolochia s.s.),Toma, Tetsuo & Sugawara, Takashi & Murata, Hiroko & Wanke, Stefan & Neinhuis, Christoph & Murata, Jin. (2006). "Molecular Phylogeny of Aristolochia sensu lato (Aristolochiaceae) based on Sequences of rbcL, matK, and phyA Genes, with Special Reference to Differentiation of Chromosome Numbers." Systematic Botany. 31. 481-492. 10.1600/036364406778388656. in agreement with the New York Flora Atlas. Endodeca Endodeca serpentaria (15061211598).jpg Endodeca serpentaria Virginia snakeroot (Endodeca serpentaria or Aristolochia serpentaria is primarily a southern species and only found in the southeastern part of New York State where it is considered to be threatened (S2). Piperales Aristolochiaceae Aristolochioideae Endodeca Endodeca Snakeroot 1123 1 Raf. Endodeca serpentaria (L.) Raf. 1753 Aristolochia serpentaria L. 1818 Aristolochia hastata Nutt. 1828 Endodeca serpentaria (L.) Raf. 1836 Pistolochia serpentaria (L.) Raf. 1894 Aristolochia nashii Kearney 1897 Aristolochia convolvulacea Small Virginia snakeroot Virginia serpentary Virginia dutchmanspipe Snakeroot Serpentary Native Threatened S2, G4 18726 Endodeca serpentaria Endangered S2 G4 8 UPL Perennial Herb-forb Shade 149 2 Ulst-Oran-Rock-West-Quee-Rich-Nass (only) ARSE3 N0 as Aristolochia serpentaria L. endodeca/serpentaria 18342 4109 233500164 50217303 93630-1 ARSE3 Aristolochia+serpentaria Endodeca%20serpentaria Endodeca serpentaria nymap.svg Bronx, Nassau, New York, Orange, Richmond, Rockland, Ulster, Westchester Endodeca serpentaria (14367248898).jpg The New York Flora Atlas segregates Isotrema macrophyllum, Isotrema tomentosum, and Endodeca serpentaria from Aristolochia into Isotrema and Endodeca, respectively, while other sources, as of yet, have left them in Aristolochia. Isotrema Pfeifenwinde (Aristolochia macrophylla) - Flickr - blumenbiene (3).jpg Isotrema macrophyllum The two Isotrema (pipevine) species found in New York are North American natives, but thought to be introduced to New York from farther south and west through cultivation. Neither are believed to naturalize readily. Piperales Aristolochiaceae Aristolochioideae Isotrema Isotrema Pipevine 1131 1 Raf. Isotrema macrophyllum (Lam.) C.F. Reed 1783 Aristolochia macrophylla Lam. 1822 Hocquartia macrophylla Dumort. 1965 Isotrema macrophyllum (Lam.) C.F.Reed auct Aristolochia durior non. Hill Dutchman's-pipe Largeleaf dutchman's-pipe Pipevine Aristoloche à grandes feuilles Introduced PA to GA US South native 150 X native south of NY ARMA7 N NY:Madi-Putn-Suff (only) MD:threatened 27721 isotrema/macrophyllum 18336 406868 233500160 Aristolochia+macrophylla Isotrema%20macrophyllum Isotrema macrophyllum nymap.svg Bronx, Madison, Orange, Putnam, Saratoga, Suffolk Aristolochia macrophylla portrait.jpg Isotrema tomentosum (Sims) H.Huber 1811 Aristolochia tomentosa Sims 1960 Isotrema tomentosum (Sims) H.Huber Woolly Dutchman's-pipe Wooly pipevine Common Dutchman's-pipe Introduced south-central US US South native Impersistent FAC 151 Xm native south of NY ARTO3 N0 isotrema/tomentosum 18343 416961 233500165 Aristolochia+tomentosa Isotrema%20tomentosum Isotrema tomentosum nymap.svg Erie, Saratoga Aristolochia tomentosa 2016-05-31 1929b (cropped).jpg The New York Flora Atlas segregates Isotrema macrophyllum, Isotrema tomentosum, and Endodeca serpentaria from Aristolochia into Isotrema and Endodeca, respectively, while other sources, as of yet, have left them in Aristolochia. Aristolochia Aristolochia clematitis Kokornak powojnikowy 2020-08-07 03.jpg Aristolochia clematitis Members of the genus Aristolochia, birthwort (Aristolochia clematitis) in particular, have been used as medicinal plants since ancient times, but have been shown to be both carcinogenic and toxic to the kidneys. It seems to be a fairly rare weed in New York State, but could become invasive where allowed to naturalize. Piperales Aristolochiaceae Aristolochioideae Aristolochia Aristolochia Birthwort 658 1 Aristolochia clematitis L. 1753 Aristolochia clematitis L. Birthwort Creeping birthwort Heartwort Asarabacca"Asarabacca" is isted as a common name for Aristolochia clematitis by FNA and Tropicos, but Asarabacca is also a common name for Asarum europaeum (Eropean wild ginger). Aristoloche clématite Sarrasine Introduced Eurasia NaturalizedFNA states that Aristolochia clematitis "probably does not persist" when it occasionally escapes cultivation, but NYFA states that, although a rare weed, it is "quite aggressive at least at some sites, when naturalized." Perennial Herb-vine 148 X Waste places, a rare weed in garden beds. A rare weed in New York but quite aggressive at least at some sites, when naturalized. ARCL XX 2696 aristolochia/clematitis 18333 4086 233500157 2500154 Aristolochia clematitis nymap.svg 20150511Aristolochia clematitis3.jpg Family Saururaceae The Saururaceae (lizard's tail family) world-wide contains only about seven species in four genera. Two of these plants are native to North America, and one is native to New York. The other North American family member (Anemopsis californica) is a southwestern native. Saururus Saururus cernuus, loof en bloeiwyses, Manie van der Schijff BT, a.jpg Saururus cernuus The genus Saururus contains only the two lizard's tail plants Saururus cernuus (native to eastern North America) and Saururus chinensis (native to eastern Asia). Only the North American plant has been found outside of cultivation in North America. Piperales Saururaceae Saururus Saururus Lizard's tail 194 1 Saururus cernuus L. 1753 Saururus cernuus L. (non Thunb. 1784) Lizard's tail Water-dragon Swamp root Swamp lily Saurure penché Lézardelle penchée Saurure penchée Native Secure 6 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 2892 5 Shallow water at edges of slow moving streams, edges of lakes, wet areas in bottomland and riparian forests, swamps, and swamp openings. Sometimes forming large dense populations. SACE NN Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Cort-Oswe-Onei+20 9224 saururus/cernuus 18221 33191 220012035 29000003 328555-2 SACE Saururus+cernuus Saururus%29cernuus Saururus cernuus nymap.svg Saururus cernuus WFNY-044.jpg Order Laurales The order Laurales ..."Laurales" Angiosperm Phylogeny Website Family Calycanthaceae The Calycanthaceae (strawberry-shrub or sweet-shrub family) contains only three small genera worldwide, only one of which is native to North America. Calycanthus Calycanthus floridus - sweet shrub - desc-flower.jpg Calycanthus floridus Calycanthus (sweet-shrub) is endemic to North America and contains about two to four species. Of these, only Calycanthus floridus is found outside of cultivation in New York, but it is thought to have been introduced from farther south. Though naturalization in New York is rare, it can become established and persist in wooded understories. Laurales Calycanthaceae Calycanthoideae Calycanthus Sweet-shrub 110 1 Calycanthus floridus L. 1759 Calycanthus floridus L. 1788 Calycanthus fertilis Walter 1840 Calycanthus floridus glaucus (Willd.) Torr. & A.Gray 1840 Calycanthus floridus laevigatus (Willd.) Torr. & A.Gray 1891 Beurera fertilis (Walter) Kuntze 1894 Butneria florida (L.) Kearney 1894 Butneria fertilis (Walter) Kearney 1894 Buttneria florida (L.) Kearney 1894 Buttneria fertilis (Walter) Kearney Sweetshrub Eastern sweetshrub Hairy sweetshrub Smooth sweetshrub Sweet-shrub Strawberry bush Bubby-bush Spicebush Carolina-allspice Introduced southeast US VA to FL TX to NC US South native rarely naturalizes FACU Perennial Shrub Part shade 7060 X Sene,Rock (only) CAFL22 N0 Calycanthus/floridus 527038 8661 200008493 5300004 CAFL22 Calycanthus+floridus Calycanthus%20floridus Calycanthus floridus var floridus nymap.svg Calycanthus floridus - Morris Arboretum - DSC00310.JPG 120 Family Lauraceae The Lauraceae (laurel family) contains only two species, spicebush and sasafrass that are native to the State of New York. Lindera Lindera benzoin 02533.jpg Lindera benzoinspicebush The genus Lindera is primarily native to eastern Asia. Of its nearly 100 species, only three (northern, southern, and bog spicebush) are native to eastern North America. And of those three species, only northern spicebush (Lindera benzoin), is native as far north as New York. Laurales Lauraceae Lindera Lindera Spicebush 152 1 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume 1753 Laurus benzoin L. 1831 Benzoin odoriferum 1836 Benzoin aestivale Nees 1851 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume 1939 Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume pubescens Rehder Spicebush Northern spicebush Benzoin-bush Benjamin-bush Fever-bush Wild allspice Benjoin Laurier faux-benjoin Native Secure 6 FACW FAC Perennial Shrub Heliophily: 3 Sun - shade 2n = 24 S5 6275 5 Floodplain forests, swamps, shrub swamps, wet woods, mesic forests, seeps in forests, and fens. Occurs in mesic to wet soils often but not always in at least partial shade. In some forest understories it can be the dominant species in the shrub layer. present in NY present in New York State LIBE3 NN 345 6486 lindera/benzoin 18147 22292 233500747 Lindera_benzoin 17803774 140503-2 LIBE3 Lindera+benzoin Lindera%20benzoin d890 Spicebush (4506720062).jpg Sassafras Sassafras albidum 2zz.jpg Sassafras albidum Sassafras has only three extant species. Two are native to eastern Asia, and one, Sassafras albidum, is native to much of eastern North Americam including New York. Laurales Lauraceae Sassafras Sassafras Sassafras 1041 1 Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees 1753 Laurus sassafras L. 1818 Laurus albida Nutt. 1831 Sassafras officinale Nees & C.H.Eberm. 1836 Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees 1891 Sassafras variifolium Kuntze 1936 Sassafras albidum molle (Raf.) Fernald Sassafras White sassafras Silky sassafras Ague tree Mitten tree Sassafras officinal Gombo filé Native Secure 4 FACU Perennial Tree, shrub Sun - shade 6276 N Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees - sassafras - Mesic to dry forests, edges of forests, woodlands, talus slopes, bluffs, sand dunes, dry stream banks, pastures, hedge rows, successional fields, and road banks. Often in sandy or gravely soils. SAAL5 NN 6487 sassafras/albidum 33168 18158 233501217 17804221 30245337-2 SAAL5 Sassafras+albidum Sassafras%20albidum Sassafras albidum NY-dist-map.png Sassafras albidum—unlobed, bilobed, trilobed leaves.jpg Persea Aguacate con racimo de frutos.JPG Persea americana A specimen of the avocado plant (Persea americana) was collected from a composte pile in Orange County in 1996. As this subtropical species would not be able to naturalize in New York, placing it in the New York Flora was probably an error. Laurales Lauraceae Persea Persea Bay 1099 1 Persea americana Mill. 1753 Laurus persea L. 1768 Persea americana Mill. 1892 Persea persea (L.) Cockerell 1950 Persea nubigena L.O.Williams 1953 Persea gigantea L.O.Williams Avocado Avocatier Introduced Mexico Mesoamerica Venezuela Impersistent Composte-pile waif 1777 Xm Orange county (only) PEAM3 X0 FL, HI, PR only 27393 18154 Starr 071024-0140 Persea americana.jpg Persea Bay 1099 1 (excluded species) Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. 1753 Laurus borbonia L. 1803 Laurus caroliniensis Michx. 1825 Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng. 1836 Persea carolinensis Nees 1838 Tamala borbonia (L.) Raf. 1903 Persea littoralis Small 1913 Tamala littoralis (Small) Small 1922 Borbonia littoralis (Small) House Redbay Shorebay N. America native southeastern U.S. Excluded X 152 PEBO N0 27396 233500900 17801273 Excluded_nymap.svg Red Bay (2969188297).jpg Order Magnoliales The order Magnoliales Bromhead ... Family Magnoliaceae The Magnoliaceae (magnolia family) has traditionally been separated into the two subfamilies Magnolioideae and Liriodendroideae. Magnolioideae contained a number of genera including Magnolia s.s., the largest genus. Liriodendroideae contained the single genus Liriodendron. Phylogenetic research has shown Magnolia s.s. to be polyphyletic. Therefore it was suggested that rather than breaking Magnolia into numerous new genera, all other genera in Magnolioideae would be placed in Magnolia s.l. to create a single monophyletic genus. This leaves the two subfamilies with one genus apiece, making Magnoliaceae subfamilies redundant. So, they are not used here.Richard B. Figlar (2012). "A Brief Taxonomic History of Magnolia." Magnolia Society International.P.F. Stevens, (2001-2015). "Magnoliales." Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. University of Missouri, St Louis, and Missouri Botanical Garden. Version 14, April 2015. Magnolia Magnolia Accuminata (Ausschnitt) am Eingangstor zum Schloss Fürstenried (München).JPG Magnolia acuminatacucumber tree Magnoliales Magnoliaceae Magnolia Magnolia Magnolia 416 5 Yulania Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. 1753 Magnolia virginiana L. acuminata L. 1759 Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. 1803 Magnolia cordata Michx. 1886 Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. cordata (Michx.) Sarg. 1903 Tulipastrum cordatum (Michx.) Small Cucumber tree Cucumber magnolia Mountain magnolia Blue magnolia Magnolia acuminé Native Secure 7 FACU Perennial Tree 1899 5 Magnolia acuminata (L.) L. - cucumber tree, cucumber magnolia - Mesic forests sometimes in deep rich and/or calcareous soils. Occasionally in dry-mesic or wet-mesic soils. It often occurs sparsely distributed and does not become a dominant tree in New York. MAAC N 6611 magnolia/acuminata 409685 19300029 Magnolia%20acuminata Arboretum 28.jpg Magnolia kobus DC. 1817 Magnolia kobus DC. 1908 Magnolia kobus DC. borealis Sarg. Kobus magnolia Introduced temperate Asia No specimens NYMFP-X MAKO X0 23113 nymap.svg Magnolia kobus var borealis Magnolia japońska 2011-09-11 01.jpg Magnolia Magnolia 416 5 Magnolia Magnolia virginiana L. virginiana Sweet-bay Northern sweet-bay Swamp-bay Magnolia-bay Laurel-magnolia Beaver-tree Laurier doux Native Endangered 9 FACW Perennial Tree, shrub 19188 Magnolia virginiana Endangered S1 G5 1897 1 Westchester, All NYC, LI only MAVI2 N0 as Magnolia virginiana magnolia/virginiana 23150 Magnolia%20virginiana Magnolia virginiana var virginiana NY-dist-map.png Sweetbay Magnolia Magnolia virginiana Flower Closeup 2242px-2.jpg Magnolia tripetala Umbrella-tree Umbrella magnolia Introduced US South native FACU 1895 X Oran-Dutc-Nass-Suff (only) MATR N0 magnolia/tripetala Magnolia%20tripetala Magnolia tripetala-IMG 4377.jpg Magnolia fraseri Walter Fraser magnolia Mountain magnolia Introduced US South native FACU 1896 X Sull (only) MAFR N0 Magnolia%20fraseri Magnoliafraseri rt1.jpg Magnolia macrophylla Michx. Big-leaved magnolia Cowcumber magnolia Introduced US South native 7200 X Nass-Suff (only) MAMA2 N0 No shown in NY Magnolia%20macrophylla nymap.svg M.macrophylla var. ashei 200706.jpg Liriodendron 2020-07-20 11 36 18 Leaves in mid-summer on a Tulip Tree along Tranquility Court in the Franklin Farm section of Oak Hill, Fairfax County, Virginia.jpg Liriodendron tulipifera Liriodendron consists of two species: Liriodendron tulipifera (tulip tree) from eastern North America and Liriodendron chinense from southeast Asia. The lumber of the tulip tree has similar properties to poplar (Populus) species, so it is often marketed as "tulip poplar" or "yellow poplar," even though tulip and poplar trees are not closely related. Magnoliales Magnoliaceae Liriodendron Liriodendron Tulip tree 85 1 Liriodendron tulipifera L. 1753 Liriodendron tulipifera L. 1903 Liriodendron tulipifera L. aureomarginatum (Dippel) Schelle 1903 Liriodendron tulipifera L. integrifolium (G.Kirchn.) Schelle Tuliptree Tulip tree American tuliptree Tulip poplar Yellow poplar Bois jaune Native Secure 6 FACU Perennial Tree Sun - shade 1898 5 Mesic to wet-mesic hardwood forests. In all but the most southern parts of New York this tree is often an indicator of deep rich mesic circumneutral soils growing primarily in valley bottoms (excluding the lowest floodplains) and on lower slopes. In the most southern parts of the state it also grows in more acidic drier sites and occurs in a wider array of forested habitats. LITU NN liriodendron/tulipifera 18086 22382 LITU Liriodendron%20tulipifera Liriodendron-tulipifera-flower3.jpg Family Annonaceae The Annonaceae (custard apple family) is the largest family of the Magnoliales, but contains primarily tropical plants. Only one of its more than 2000 species has been discovered growing outside of cultivation in New York. Subfamily Annonoideae Asimina thumb|right|Native range of Asimina triloba.Asimina or pawpaw is a genus of small trees or shrubs that are native to eastern North America. Of these, only the most common species (Asimina triloba) is thought to be native as far north as New York. Though its native range only reaches into the western part of the state, common pawpaw trees can persist where cultivated in other parts of the state and may naturalize in clonal thickets. Pawpaw is considered to be the largest edible native North American fruit (in the culinary sense). Snake C. Jones and Desmond R. Layne, "Pawpaw Description and Nutritional Information," Kentucky State University Cooperative Extension Program. Magnoliales Annonaceae Annonoideae Asimina Asimina Pawpaw 319 1 Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal 1753 Annona triloba L. 1796 Annona pendula Salisbury 1803 Orchidocarpum arietinum Michx. 1806 Porcelia triloba (L.) Pers. 1817 Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal 1838 Uvaria triloba (L.) Torr.& A.Gray Pawpaw Common pawpaw Dog banana Indian banana Kentucky banana American custard apple Asiminier trilobé Asiminier Native Threatened 5 FAC Perennial Tree, shrub Heliophily: 3 Sun - shade 71 2 Onta-Livi-Monr-Orle-Ulst+5 ASTR N Oswe-Onta-Livi-Monr-Orle+5 72521-1 338 2528 18117 4485 220001231 1600693 72521-1 ASTR asimina+triloba asimina%20triloba Asimina triloba nymap.svg NAS-060a Asimina triloba.jpg 120