Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/GM/VIN Code History

GM VIN systems 1935 through the 1980s. GM divisions used various systems to number their products, generally the most basic was ascribing a year (usually the model year which began in the latter part of the calendar year beforehand), generally abbreviated to the last two digits (e.g. 34 for 1934) and then a unit number which was a production sequence number (PSN). Some divisions added a code to identify the model level, as in Buick’s Special, Super, Roadmaster, and Limited. For the 1935 model year GM Canada decided to expand that to formalize their serial numbers into the format we start to recognize as a VIN. Using the last digit of the model year, followed by a four digit model code, the last two digits being the Fisher body type number (e.g. 11 for a two door sedan/coach). The first digit identified the brand (e.g. 1 for Chevrolet, 7 for Pontiac) and the second a model trim level. Then the PSN was formalized into 6 digits (it became common for PSNs to start at 100001 rather than 000001 but I’m unsure when this practice began). There was a chance that a unit could be assigned an identical number to that of one from a decade before. I am too far removed in time and space to research whether a system was implemented to ensure that didn’t happen, or it was considered so remote a possibility or that the chances of them also being registered in the exact same jurisdiction was unlikely (or maybe that most 10 year old cars would have been decommissioned by then). Somewhat conveniently with no wartime models built this couldn’t happen for early 1950s models anyway. A change to the Canadian system was the addition of a single digit (6 or 8) for MY1955 thru MY1957 to allow for the now two types of engines (L6 or V8) available in both Chevrolet and Pontiac lines (previously only 6 cylinders were available in both in Canada for many years) but removed it for MY1958 as the model numbers now reflected the engine configuration. In the US for the 1960 model year Chevrolet adopted much the same system, modified to preface the PSN with a letter denoting the assembly plant (Chev sold over a million units annually which meant the 6 digit numbers were insufficient to guarantee uniqueness for the whole year without this extra piece of information). I suspect since Chevrolet was way and afar the leading producer its need to computerize its systems was greatest, and thus the rewards greatest, it was chosen to be the lead division. It’s possible this was when the term Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) was invented, maybe by one of these new fangled (computer) systems analysts. From the 1965 model year the system was applied to the other US divisions (Cadillac last, in MY1971). At this time the model code was expanded to five digits and for US production, it was modified to move the model code to the first five positions with the model year digit at position six; this ensured there could not be a 1970 Chevrolet with the exactly identical number to a 1960. The same expansion of the model code occurred for MY1965 in Canada but the year remained in position one for two more years after which (MY1967) it adopted the same format as the US cars. Possibly as GM rolled out computerization in their international divisions, Vauxhall (UK), Holden (Australia), GMSA (South Africa) and GM do Brasil all switched to using a standard VIN for the 1968/9 model years for all except Vauxhall as new mainstream models debuted (HK Holden, Opel Rekord and Chevrolet Opala respectively). For some unknown reason Opel (Germany) retained its own serial number system that was similar to those which the US GM divisions had used earlier. GMSA uniquely added an A after the model code, possibly meaning African production, and used for all the vehicles they assembled regardless of brand. Holden uniquely used the second character of its series code instead of the model year number; I would suggest this was because Holden's series rarely followed the model year schedules but unlike Vauxhall and Opel based cars (majority of GMSA and GM do Brasil) they updated series codes in intervals between one and one and a half years (three plus for their HQ series) - Vauxhall and Opel retained the series code for the full generation of the vehicle e.g. FE Victor and Rekord D models each ran for the full 6 years of production regardless of any running changes to styling or specifications. GMSA's Holden based models however followed Holden's model years after 1971 (HG, HQ, HJ series - so G, Q, J respectively) but their other models used X from then onwards. GMSA also appended a suffix with up to three characters with letter codes for engine, transmission and one I'm unsure about. For model years 1972 (NA) and 1973 (non NA - excluding Opel in Germany of course) the system was modified to shorten the model code to four characters, the second being a letter now indicating trim level. This made room in position five for an engine identifier which was specific to seemingly every variation (e.g. High versus Low compression versions of the same size engine). So for example what had been 80837 for a HQ series Holden Monaro GTS coupe with either a 253cid or 308cid V8 became 8Q37R (253) or 8Q37T (308). At this time Holden moved its series code to the end of their VINs, producing a 14 character version; this meant you could identify a model year 1974 HQ series car and a same year HJ series car - their PSNs continued through without resetting, having started at 100001 in early 1968. GMSA's suffix became up to four characters with the full series code (e.g. AQ, AC, AB, AH) and the codes for transmission and one I'm unsure about. For model year 1973 the non NA divisions - excluding Opel in Germany - adopted a model year letter starting with C (D for MY74, E for MY75 through K for MY80 before resetting to A for MY81, B for MY82). Holden alone continued that pattern until it adopted the ISOVIN system. As noted below North American divisions switched to the ISOVIN system for model year 1981; GM do Brasil in MY1983, Vauxhall and soon Opel whose operations were closely integrated by now started switching soon after, Holden from mid 1988, GMSA in the 2000s. Model Year19351955195819601964196519671968197119721973198119821985198719882003VIN pattern 1GM CAGM CAVIN pattern 2GM CAVIN pattern 3Chevrolet (US)VIN pattern 4GM CAVIN pattern 5All GM (US) except CadillacGM CAVauxhall, Holden. GMSA, GM do Brasil (Opala)CadillacVIN pattern 6All GM (US)Vauxhall, Holden, Opel US imports, GMSA, GM do Brasil (Opala + Chevette)VIN pattern 7 Thai assemblyVIN pattern 8 (ISOVIN)All GM (US), Opel?Vauxhall, GM do BrasilHoldenVIN pattern 9 (ISOVIN)All GM (US)VIN pattern 10 (ISOVIN)All GM (US)Holden VIN pattern 1: 10 characters. Year identifier (1 digit, YYYY), model code* (4 digits), sequence number (5 digits) VIN pattern 2: 11 characters. Year identifier (1 digit, YYYY), model code* (4 digits), number of cylinders (1 digit: 6 or 8), sequence number (5 digits) VIN pattern 3: 12 characters. Year identifier (1 digit, YYYY), model code* (4 digits), plant code (1 alpha character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) VIN pattern 4: 11 characters. Year identifier (1 digit, YYYY), model code* (4 digits), plant code (1 alpha character, Table 1), sequence number (5 digits) VIN pattern 5: 13 (17) characters. GM division code (one digit, Table 4), model code* (4 digits), year identifier (1 alphanumeric character, Table 2), plant code (1 alphanumeric character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) n.b. Holden exclusively used the second letter of its series code instead of the year identifier. n.b.2. GMSA exclusively added an A before the year identifier, and a suffix of up to 3 characters to indicate engine and transmission identifiers. VIN pattern 6: 13 (14) characters. GM division code (one digit, Table 4), model code* (1 alpha character, 2 digits), engine code (1 alpha character), year identifier (1 alphanumeric character, Table 2), plant code (1 alphanumeric character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) n.b. Holden exclusively added the second letter of its series code as a 14th character. VIN pattern 7: 13 characters. GM division code (one digit, Table 4), platform identifier (1 alphanumeric character, Table 8), model code* (1 alpha character, 2 digits), engine code (1 alpha character), (plant code (1 alphanumeric character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) VIN pattern 8: 17 characters. WMI** (three alphanumeric characters), model code* (1 alpha character, 2 digits), year identifier (1 alpha character, Table 3), plant code (1 alpha character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) VIN pattern 9: 17 characters. WMI** (three alphanumeric characters), model code* (2 alpha character, 2 digits), year identifier (1 alpha character, Table 3), plant code (1 alpha character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) VIN pattern 10: 17 characters. WMI** (three alphanumeric characters), model code*** (2 alpha character, 1 digit until 2009. From 2010, the 1st 2 characters could be letters or numbers), year identifier (1 alphanumeric character, Table 3), plant code (1 alpha character, Table 1), sequence number (6 digits) * Digit 1 is Division code Table 4. Digits 3 plus 4 are Fisher Body Codes, Table 6. In between character(s) indicate model level (some used to differentiate # of engine cylinders) ** WMI 1st position is Assembly country, Table 5. 2nd position is Corporate id (G for GM, H for Holden prior to 2003, T for Toyota) *** New body codes Table 7. Table 1 (incomplete, also can depend on the operating period of each of the plants and the division they were in, i.e. "L" in later years meant "Elizabeth South Australia" for Holden built cars) GM North American Factories ALakewood Assembly (Lakewood Heights, Atlanta, GA) (1953-1964 Chevrolet & all brands 1965-1990)BBaltimore, MD (1953-1964 Chevrolet & 1964 Pontiac & all brands 1965-2005)BReatta Craft Centre/Lansing Craft Centre (Lansing Township, MI) (1988-2006 except GM EV1)BGM Defense-Manufacturing Customer Innovation Center (MCIC) (Concord, NC) (2024+ Chevrolet Suburban HD)CDoraville, GA (1964 Chevrolet)CSouth Gate, California (1936-1959 Pontiac & 1937-1964 Oldsmobile & all brands 1965-1982)CLansing, MI (Oldsmobile plant) (South assembly line 1985-2004 model year)DDoraville, GA (1960-1964 Pontiac & all brands 1965-2009)ELinden Assembly (Linden, New Jersey) (1965-1991)EPontiac East Assembly (Pontiac, MI) (1988-2009)FFlint Truck Assembly (Flint, MI) (Chevrolet plant) (1953+)FFairfax Assembly (Fairfax II) (Kansas City, KS) (1988+)GFramingham, MA (1960-1964 Chevrolet & all brands 1965-1989)GSilao Assembly (Silao, Guanajuato, Mexico) (1995+)HFremont Assembly (Fremont, CA) (1963-1964 Chevrolet and GMC)HBuick City Assembly (Flint, Michigan) (Buick plant) (1965-1999)JJanesville, WI (1953-2009)JLansing Delta Township Assembly (Lansing, MI) (2007+)KLeeds Assembly (Leeds, Kansas City, MO) (1953-1964 Chevrolet & all brands 1965-1988)KLinden Assembly (Linden, New Jersey) (1994-2005)LVan Nuys, CA (1953-1992)LSan Luis Potosí Assembly (San Luis Potosí, Mexico) (2009+)MLansing, MI (Oldsmobile plant) (1949-1984 model year, North assembly line 1985-2005 model year)MToluca Assembly (Toluca, Mexico state, Mexico) (1995-2008)NNorwood, OH (1953-1987)OOakland, CA (1953-1963 Chevrolet)PPontiac Assembly (Pontiac, MI) (Pontiac plant) (1939-1988)QDetroit Assembly (Detroit, MI) (Cadillac Clark Street plant) (1971-1978)RArlington, TX (1963-1964 Chevrolet & all brands 1965+)SSt. Louis, MO (1952 GMC & all brands 1953-1987)SSpring Hill, TN (2002-2007 Saturn Vue & 2009-2010 Chevrolet Traverse only)SRamos Arizpe Assembly (Ramos Arizpe, Coahuila, Mexico) (1981+)TTarrytown Assembly (North Tarrytown, NY) (1953-1996)USouth Gate, California (1964 Chevrolet)ULordstown, OH (1966-1978)UDetroit/Hamtramck Assembly (Factory Zero) (Detroit & Hamtramck, Michigan) (1986+)UArtisan Center (Warren, MI) (2025+)VPontiac Central Assembly (Pontiac, MI) (1972-1991)VPontiac East Assembly (Pontiac, MI) (1972-1985)VPontiac West Assembly (Pontiac, MI) (1972-1977)WWillow Run Assembly (Ypsilanti Township, MI) (1957-1993)XFairfax Assembly (Fairfax I) (Kansas City, KS) (1965-1987)YWilmington, DE (1964 Chevrolet & all brands 1965-2010)ZFremont Assembly (Fremont, CA) (1965-1982)ZNUMMI (Fremont, CA) (1985-2010)ZFort Wayne Assembly (Roanoke, IN) (1988+)ZSpring Hill, TN (1991+ except Vue & Traverse)0Pontiac West Assembly (Pontiac, MI) (1978-1994)0Lansing Craft Centre (Lansing Township, MI) (1997, 1999 GM EV1 only)0Lansing Grand River Assembly (Lansing, MI) (2003+)0Artisan Center (Warren, MI) (2024 Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniversary Edition where the final eight digits of the VIN are R0912004 through R0912024 or R0962004 through R0962024)1Wentzville, MO (1985+)1Oshawa Car Assembly (Oshawa, ON, Canada) (1967-1983)1Oshawa Car Assembly (Line 2 a.k.a. Consolidated Line) (Oshawa, ON, Canada) (1984-2019) [made pickups in 2019]1Oshawa Assembly (Oshawa, ON, Canada) (2022+) [Formerly Oshawa Car Assembly]1Oshawa Truck Assembly (Oshawa, ON, Canada) (1967-2009)2Moraine, OH (1982-2009)2St. Therese, Quebec, Canada (1967-2002)3Detroit Truck & Bus plant (Piquette Ave., Detroit, MI) (Chevrolet plant) (1974-1999)3Saint-Eustache Bus Plant (Saint-Eustache, Quebec, Canada) (1981-1987)4Orion Assembly (Orion Township, MI) (1985+)4Scarborough, Ontario, Canada (1974-1993)5Bowling Green, Kentucky (1981+)6Oklahoma City, OK (1980-2006)6CAMI plant (Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada) (1990-2022)7Lordstown, OH (1979-2019)8Shreveport, LA (1982-2012)9Detroit Assembly (Detroit, MI) (Cadillac Clark Street plant) (1979-1988)9Oshawa Car Assembly (Line 1 a.k.a. Flex Line) (Oshawa, ON, Canada) (1984-2020)9CAMI plant (Ingersoll, Ontario, Canada) (2023-2025) Partner Factories in North America Using GM VIN Structure HAM General Commercial plant (Mishawaka, IN) (2003-2009 Hummer H2)NNavistar Springfield plant (Secondary Line) (Springfield, OH) (2017+ Chevrolet Express cutaway, GMC Savana cutaway)SSpartan Motors/Shyft Group plant (Charlotte, MI) (2016+ Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500/3500HG/4500/4500HG/5500HG/5500XG/6500XD/7500XD)9KUKA plant (Livonia, MI) (2022 BrightDrop Zevo 600 only) Not Using GM VIN Structure EAM General Military plant (Mishawaka, IN) (1992-2006 Hummer H1)HNavistar Springfield plant (Main Line) (Springfield, OH) (2019+ Chevrolet Silverado Medium Duty [4500HD/5500HD/6500HD])KNissan plant (Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico) (2015-2018 Chevrolet City Express) Other GM & Partner Factories AOpel plant: Azambuja, Portugal (before 1993)ASAIC-GM plant: Jinqiao, Pudong district, Shanghai, ChinaBSão Caetano do Sul plant: São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo state, BrazilBDaewoo/GM Daewoo/GM Korea plant: Bupyeong, South KoreaBBertone plant: Grugliasco, Italy (Opel Kadett E convertible, Vauxhall Astra Mark 2 convertible, Opel/Vauxhall Astra F convertible, Opel/Vauxhall Astra G coupe & convertible, Holden Astra convertible (TS))BRenault plant: Batilly, France (Opel/Vauxhall Movano B)CSão José dos Campos plant: São José dos Campos, São Paulo state, BrazilCGM Daewoo/GM Korea plant: Changwon, South KoreaDSAIC-GM Dongyue Motors plant: Yantai, Shandong province, ChinaEVauxhall plant: Ellesmere Port, UK (before 1993)EHeuliez plant: Cerizay, France (Opel/Vauxhall Tigra TwinTop B, Holden Tigra (XC))GOpel plant: Gliwice, PolandGGravatai plant: Gravatai, Rio Grande do Sul state, BrazilHGM India plant: Halol, Gujarat, IndiaHGM Thailand plant: Pluak Daeng, Rayong province, ThailandKSuzuki plant: Kosai, Shizuoka prefecture, JapanKGM Daewoo/GM Korea plant: Kunsan, South KoreaLHolden plant: Elizabeth, South Australia, AustraliaMSuzuki plant (Magyar Suzuki): Esztergom, Hungary (Opel/Vauxhall Agila B)NLotus plant: Hethel, UK (Opel Speedster/Vauxhall VX220)ROpel plant: Rüsselsheim, Germany (1997-2001 Cadillac Catera only)RRosario plant: Alvear, Rosario Department, Santa Fe Province, ArgentinaSRenault plant: Sandouville, France (Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro B (high roof versions only))TGM India plant: Talegaon, Maharashtra, IndiaVVauxhall plant: Luton, UK (before 1993)VIBC Vehicles/GMM Luton van plant: Luton, UKVSAIC-GM Wuhan plant: Wuhan, Hubei province, ChinaWSuzuki plant: Iwata, Shizuoka prefecture, JapanYNissan plant: Barcelona, Spain (Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro A (high roof versions only))1Opel plant: Rüsselsheim, Germany1Lotus plant: Hethel, UK (Opel Lotus Omega/Vauxhall Lotus Carlton)2Opel plant: Bochum, Germany3Opel plant: Azambuja, Portugal (since 1993)3Isuzu plant: Kawasaki, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan4Opel Zaragoza plant: Figueruelas, Spain5Opel plant: Antwerp, Belgium (Plant 2)6Opel plant: Antwerp, Belgium (Plant 1) (Closed 1988)6Opel plant: Eisenach, Germany7Vauxhall Luton car plant: Luton, UK (since 1993)7Isuzu plant: Fujisawa, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan (1988 Chevrolet Spectrum, 1988 Pontiac Sunburst (Canada), 1989 Geo Spectrum, 1990-1993 Geo Storm, 1999-2008 Chevrolet/GMC W3500, 1988-2009 Chevrolet/GMC W4, 1999-2009 Chevrolet/GMC W5, 2000-2004 Chevrolet/GMC WT5500, 2016- Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500HD/4500HD/4500XD/5500HD/5500XD)8Isuzu plant: Fujisawa, Kanagawa prefecture, Japan (1981-1982 Chevrolet LUV, 1985-1987 Chevrolet Spectrum, 1985-1987 Pontiac Sunburst (Canada), 1986-1987 Chevrolet/GMC W4)8Vauxhall plant: Ellesmere Port, UK (since 1993)9Valmet plant: Uusikaupunki, Finland (Opel/Vauxhall Calibra)9Fiat plant (Tofaş): Bursa, Turkey (Opel/Vauxhall Combo D) Table 2 US, Canada 1965-80, Opel 1975-1981Vauxhall 1967-82, Holden 1973-88, Opels in America 1973-74Brazil 1969-8251/9/65 - 30/8/6661/9/66 - 30/8/67771/9/66- 31/9/67881/9/66 - 31/9/68991/9/68 - 31/9/69001/9/69 - 31/9/7011A1/9/70 - 31/9/71 or 1/9/80 - 31/9/8222B1/9/71 - 31/9/72 or 1/9/81 - 31/9/823CC1/10/72 - 30/8/73 or 1/9/82 - 31/9/834DD1/9/73 - 30/8/74 or 1/9/83 - 31/9/845EE1/9/74 - 30/8/75 or 1/9/84 - 31/9/856FF1/9/75 - 30/8/76 or 1/9/85 - 31/9/867GG1/9/76 - 30/8/77 or 1/9/86 - 31/9/878HH1/9/77 - 30/8/78 or 1/9/87 - 31/9/889JJ1/9/78 - 30/8/79A (0 for Opel)KK1/9/79 - 30/8/80 (1 for Opel)AA1/9/80 - 30/8/81BB1/9/81 - 31/9/82CDEFGH Table 3 See: Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year Table 4 1Chevrolet1Holden (2003-2017 Australian-built models)2Pontiac3Oldsmobile3Chevrolet (Australian-built Caprice PPV & SS performance sedan 2014-2017)4Buick5GMC Sprint/Caballero - 1971-1980, GMC "Multi-purpose vehicles" 1981-1986, GM EV1, BrightDrop/Chevrolet BrightDrop, GMSA (Chevrolet versions of Holdens 1969-1972/3), GM do Brasil - 1968-19826Cadillac7Canada-only Pontiac, Passport, Asuna8Saturn8Holden (2002 and earlier)9Vauxhall/Bedford0Opel (1973-75 US models only, GMSA Opel, from 1968)CChevrolet trucks from 1972RDelta era South AfricanTGMC (trucks from 1972, Caballero from 1981) Table 7 (incomplete) 12 door coupe22 door hatchback coupe32 door convertible42 door utility/pick up54 door sedan64 door hatchback sedan8Wagon9Limousine Table 8 (incomplete) A (FWD)Chevrolet Celebrity (1985-1990), Pontiac 6000 (1985-1991), Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1985-1995)/Ciera (1996), Buick Century (1985-1996)BChevrolet Impala (1985)/Caprice (1985-1996)/Impala SS (1994-1996), Pontiac Parisienne (1985-1986)/Safari Wagon (1987-1989), Oldsmobile Delta 88 (1985)/Custom Cruiser (1985-1992), Buick Le Sabre (1985)/Le Sabre Estate Wagon (1985-1989)/ Electra Estate Wagon (1985-1989)/Estate Wagon (1990)/Roadmaster Estate Wagon (1991-1996)/Roadmaster sedan (1992-1996)C (FWD)Oldsmobile 98 (1985-1996)/Touring Sedan (1988-1990), Buick Electra (1985-1990)/Park Avenue (1991-1996), Cadillac De Ville (1985-1993)/Fleetwood (1985-1992)/60 Special (1993)DCadillac Fleetwood Brougham (1985-1986), Brougham (1987-1992), Fleetwood (1993-1996)EOldsmobile Toronado (1985-1992), Buick Riviera (1985-1993), Reatta (1988-1991), Cadillac Eldorado (1985-2002)FChevrolet Camaro, Pontiac Firebird (1985-2002)G (RWD)Chevrolet Monte Carlo (1985-1988), Pontiac Bonneville (1985-1986)/Grand Prix (1985-1987), Oldsmobile Cutlass Salon/Cutlass Supreme (1985-1987), Cutlass Supreme Classic (1988), Buick Regal (1985-1987)H (FWD)Pontiac Bonneville (1987-1999), Oldsmobile Delta 88 (1986-1988)/88 (1989-1999)/LSS (1996-1999)/Regency (1997-1998), Buick Le Sabre (1986-1999)JChevrolet Cavalier (1985-2005), Pontiac Sunbird (1985-1994)/Sunfire (1995-2005), Oldsmobile Firenza (1985-1988), Buick Skyhawk (1985-1989), Cadillac Cimarron (1985-1988), Toyota Cavalier (Japan only export model), Chevrolet Monza (Brazil), Opel Ascona, Vauxhall Cavalier, Holden Camira, Isuzu AskaKCadillac Seville (1985-1997), Deville (1994-1999)LChevrolet Beretta/Corsica (1987-1996), Pontiac Tempest (Canada only: 1988-1991)MChevrolet Sprint (1985-1988), Geo Metro (1989-1997), Chevrolet Metro (1998-2001), Pontiac Firefly (Canada only: 1985-1991, 1994-2001), Suzuki Swift (1989-2001)NPontiac Grand Am (1985-2005), Oldsmobile Calais (1985-1987), Cutlass Calais (1988-1991), Achieva (1992-1998), Alero (1999-2004), Buick Somerset Regal (1985), Somerset (1986-1987), Skylark (1986-1998), Chevrolet Malibu (1997-2003), Classic (2004-2005), Oldsmobile Cutlass (1997-1999)P (RWD)Pontiac Fiero (1984-1988)P (FWD)General Motors EV1 (1997, 1999)RChevrolet Spectrum (1985-1988), Geo Spectrum (1989), Geo Storm (1990-1993), Pontiac Sunburst (Canada only: 1985-1988), Isuzu I-Mark (1985-1989), Impulse (1990-1993)SChevrolet Nova (1985-1988), Geo Prizm (1989-1997), Chevrolet Prizm (1998-2002), Pontiac Vibe (2003-2010), Toyota Corolla, Matrix, VoltzT (RWD)Chevrolet Chevette (1985-1987), Pontiac 1000 (1985-1987), Pontiac Acadian (Canada only: 1985-1987), Opel Kadett, Vauxhall Chevette, Isuzu GeminiT (FWD)Pontiac LeMans (1988-1993), Passport Optima (Canada only: 1988–1991), Asuna SE/GT (Canada only: 1993)UOpel Ascona, Vauxhall Cavalier, Chevrolet Chevair (South Africa). Also Holden Torana 1978-80 V (FWD)Cadillac Allanté (1987-1993)V (RWD)Cadillac Catera (1997-2001), Pontiac GTO (2004-2006)WHolden HQ-WA, WH-NWChevrolet Lumina (1990-2001), Monte Carlo (1995-2007), Impala (2000-2013), Impala Limited (2014-2016), Pontiac Grand Prix (1988-2008), Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme (1988-1997), Intrigue (1998-2002), Buick Regal (1988-2004), Century (1997-2005), Lacrosse/Allure (2005-2009)X (FWD)Chevrolet Citation, Buick Skylark (1985).YChevrolet Corvette (1985+), Cadillac XLR (2004-2009)ZSaturn S-Series (1991-2002)