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411 REFERENCE · Wikibooks

WikiLang/Mi'kmaq Orthographies

Reference material by Wikibooks contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.

WikiLang pages Mi'kmaq language used different orthographies throughout its history. Today, two orthographies are principally used: Francis-Smith and Listuguj. + Mi'kmaq orthographiesIPAaaːeeːiiːətʃklmnooːpxstuuːwj Francis-Smithaa'/áee'/éii'/íɨjklmnoo'/ópqstuu'/úwy Listugujaa'ee'ii''jglmnoo'pqstuu'wy Lexiconaa:ee:ii:ɨjklmnoo:pqstuu:wy Pacifiqueaeitjglmnôpsto Randăa âĕāĭeŭchc klmnŏo ōbhsd tŏŏoo uwy Francis-Smith The Francis-Smith orthography has been developed in the 1970s by Doug Smith and Bernard Francis. It is the most used orthography today, especially in Nova Scotia. It has 5 short vowels, a, e, i, o and u, and 5 long vowels, a', e', i', o' and u'. It has 11 consonants: j, k, l, m, n, p, q, s, t, kw, qw, and i can also act as a consonant. Listuguj The Listuguj (or Restigouche) orthography is mainly used in Quebec. The main difference from the Francis-Smith orthography is that the "k" letter is replaced by "g". Portal WikiLang/Mi'kmaq Portal Orthographies