Mirad Grammar/Sample Texts Analyzed

100% Article One of the Declaration of Human Rights Article One of the Declaration of Human Rights is often used to show how various invented international auxiliary languages compare with one another in written form. Here is the Mirad version of Article One, followed by the English version: {| class="wikitable" style="background: lightyellow;; font-size:smaller;" |+ Declaration of Human Rights Article One |- ! ENGLISH !! MIRAD |- | All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. || Hya tobi taje yiva ay gea be utfiz ay doyivi. Yit bulwe texyaf ay tyaf ay yeyfe hyuitaxler tidyenay. |} Anaysis: {|style="font-size:smaller;" |- | 1 || hya || all   <   hya- [distributive deictic determiner]   +   |- | 2 || tobi || human beings   <   tob....human being [singular noun]   +   -i [plural suffix] |- | 3 || taje || are born   <   taj-....be born [stem])  +   -e [present simple tense marker] |- | 4 || yiva || free   <   yiv- [stem]   +   -a [adjectival suffix] |- | 5 || ay || and [positive conjunction] |- | 6 || gea || equal   <   ge- [stem]   +   -a [adjectival suffix] |- | 7 || be || at, in [preposition] |- | 8 || utfiz || dignity   <   ut....self [pronoun]  +   fiz....merit [noun] |- | 9 || doyivi || rights   <   do(t)-....society   +   yiv....freedom, right [noun]  +  -i [plural suffix] |- | 10 || yit || they/them   <   yit [3d person plural animate pronoun] |- | 11 || bulwe || are endowed   <   bul-....endow [verb stem]   +   -w [passive]   +   -e [present] |- | 12 || texyaf || reason   <   tex-....think   +   yaf....ability, faculty |- | 13 || tyaf || conscience   <   t-....know   +   yaf....ability, faculty |- | 14 || yeyfe || should   <   yeyf-....(have a) duty [verb stem]   +   -e [indicative simple present tense] |- | 15 || hyuitaxler || treat one another   <   hyuit (comb. of hyut....other person   +   hyit....same person)   +   axl-....act [verb stem]   +   -er [verbal infinitive marker] |- | 16 || tidyenay || in a brotherly way   <   tid....sibling [noun]   +   -yen....manner   +   -ay....-ly [adverbial suffix] |} Lord&apos;s Prayer Word-for-word analysis: {| class="wikitable" style="background: lightyellow;; font-size:smaller;" |+ The Lord&apos;s Prayer ! English !! Mirad |- |Our Father, who art in Heaven,||Hey yata Twed, ho se be Totmir, |- |Hallowed by thy name.||van eta dyun fyadwu. |- |Thy kingdom come.||Van eta edob upu. |- |Thy will be done on Earth as it is in Heaven.||Van eta fon xwu be Imer hoyen xwe be Totmir. |- |Give us this day our daily bread,||Buu yat hijub yata hyajuba povel, |- |and forgive us our trespasses||ay yovobu yat bi yata fuxeyni |- |as we forgive those who trespass against us.||hoyen yat yovobe hoti fuxe yat. |- |And lead us not into temptation,||Ay von izbu yat ub yekuen, |- |But deliver us from evil.||oy yivxu yat bi fyox. |- |Amen.||Xwu huus. |} {|style="; font-size:smaller;" |- | 1 || Hey || O! [vocative particle] |- | 2 || yata || our < yat [1st pl animate pronoun] we + -a [adjective suffix] |- | 3|| Twed || Father < ted....parent + infix -w- [masculine] |- | 4 || ho || who [invariable relative complementizer meaning who(m), that, which] |- | 5 || se || am,is,are < s-[present stem of verb ser....to be] + -e [simple present tense suffix] |- | 6 || be || in [preposition of general location at] |- | 7 || Totmir || Heaven < tot....god + mir....world |- | 8 || van || let/may/that [positive complementizer introducing a fact or wish; see 32] |- | 9 || eta || your, thy < et [2d sing animate pronoun] you + -a [adjective suffix] |- | 10 || dyun || name [noun < verb stem dyu-....to call] |- | 11 || fyadwu || be blessed < fya- holy + d- [stem of verb say / call] + -w- [passive] + -u [hypothetical/imperative/subjunctive mood] |- | 12 || edob || kingdom < e- [2nd level of scalar noun base dob....state] |- | 13 || upu || come < u(b)34- toward + p [stem of verb to go] + -u [hypothetical/imperative/subjunctive mood] |- | 14 || fwas || will < f- [stem of verb to want] + -w- [passive voice] + -a [adjective] + -s [inanimate nominalizer thing] = wanted thing |- | 15 || xwu || be done < x- [stem of verb to do] + -w- [passive voice] + -u [hyp./imper./subj.] |- | 16 || Imer || earth < -i- [3d level of scalar noun mer....planet] = third planet from the sun |- | 17 || hoyen || as < ho [relative determiner prefix] + -yen [suffix = manner] hoyen = (which manner that) |- | 18 || xwe || (it) is done < x- [stem of verb to do] + -w- [passive voice] + -e [present simple tense] |- | 19 || Buu || Give < bu- [stem of verb to give] + -u [hyp./imper./subj.] |- | 20 || yat || (to) us < yat we, us |- | 21 || hijub || today, this day < hi- [proximate determiner this] + jub....day |- | 22 || yata || our < yat [1st pl pron we/us] + -a [adjective suffix] |- | 23 || hyajuba || daily < hya- [distributive determiner every] + jub....day + -a [adjective suffix] |- | 24 || povel || bread [ < povob....cereal with ob (plant) -> el (food)] |- | 25 || ay || and [positive conjunction] ( ey [intermediate] = or, oy [negative] = but) |- | 26 || yovobu || forgive < yov....guilt, shame + ob [preposition off and stem of verb to remove] + -u [hyp./imper./subj.] |- | 27 || bi || from [preposition meaning of, from; opp: bu....to] |- | 28 || fuxeyni || bad deeds [noun] < fu-....bad + x-....do + -eyn [gerundive] + -i [plural suffix] |- | 29 || yovobe || forgive < yov....guilt, shame + ob [proposition off and stem of verb to remove] + -e [present] |- | 30 || hoti || those who < ho- [relative deictic determiner] + -t....person + -i [plural suffix] |- | 31 || fuxe || offend < fu....bad + -x-....do + -e [present] |- | 32 || von || lest, so not, don't [negative complementizer; van [positive] that/so that/let; ven [intermediate] if, whether] |- | 33 || izbu || lead, guide < iz....direct, straight + b- [stem of verb put] + -u [hyp./imper./subj.] |- | 34 || ub || toward [preposition; opp. ib....away] |- | 35 || yekuen || temptation < yek- [stem of verb try] + -u- [causative formant] + -en [present gerund -ing] = causing (someone) to try (something) |- | 36 || oy || but [negative conjunction; see 25] |- | 37 || yivxu || deliver, free, liberate < yiv-....free + -x-....do, make + -u [hyp./imper./subj.] |- | 38 || fyox || evil < fyo-....profane, evil + x....doing |- | 39 || xwu || be < s- [stem of verb to be] + -u [hyp./imper./subj.] |- | 40 || huus || such < huu- [deictic determiner such] + -s....thing |- |} Tower of Babel {| class="wikitable" style="background:lightyellow;; font-size:smaller;" |- ! English !! Mirad |- | The Tower of Babel || Ha Yabtom bi Babel |- |style="font-style:italic"|Then, all earthly humans had a single language and a common vocabulary.||style="font-weight:bold"|Huj, hya imertobi bexa ana dalzeyn ay yansauna dunyan. |- |style="font-style:italic"|While people were migrating from the east, they discovered a plain in the region of Shenear and they settled there.||style="font-weight:bold"|Je van tobi emuipeya byi ha zimerem, yit yokkaxa zyimem be ha meam "Xenear" ay yit tamkyoxa hum. |- |style="font-style:italic"|The people said to one another, "Come on, let's mold some bricks and fire them." Thus, they had bricks for building stones and tar for mortar.||style="font-weight:bold"|Ha tobi hyuitda: "Upu, van yat sanxu hegla mefi ay magxu isi." Huyen, yit bexa mefi av sexmegi ay megyel av sexyanul. |- |style="font-style:italic"|Then, the people said, "Come on, let's build our own city with a tower reaching the sky. In that way, we will be famous and that will prevent us from being scattered all over the earth."||style="font-weight:bold"|Johus, ha tobi da: "Upu, van yat sexu yauta dom bay yabtom pyuxea ha mam. Huyen, yat so yibtrwa ay hus jaebo yata yonzyaben bu hyami bi ha imer." |- |style="font-style:italic"|The Eternal one came down from the sky to see the city with the tower the people of earth had constructed.||style="font-weight:bold"|Ha Oyjobat yopa bi ha mam av teater ha dom bay ha yabtom ho ha imerati sexaya isi. |- |style="font-style:italic"|Then, the Eternal One said, "Behold, they make up one people, all of whom have a common language. This is only their first accomplishment. After this, anything they plan will be realizable."||style="font-weight:bold"|Johus, ha Oyjobat da: "Teaxu: Yit sanse ana tyod, ho hyati bexe yansauna dalzeyn. His se anay yita aa xalun. Johis, hyes yit ojtexo so vyamxyafwa. |- |style="font-style:italic"|Come, let us go down there to confuse their language so they won't understand one another anymore."||style="font-weight:bold"|Upu, van yat yopu hum av yanmulxer yita dalzeyn von yit hyuittestu gaj." |- |style="font-style:italic"|Then the Eternal one scattered the men far from there to all parts of the earth, and they halted construction of the city and tower.||style="font-weight:bold"|Johus ha Oyjobat yonzyaba ha tobi yib bi hum ub hyami bi ha imer, ay yit poxa ha sexen bi ha dom ay yabtom. |- |style="font-style:italic"|That is why this place was named Babel, i.e. "Confusion". It is where the Eternal One mixed up the languages of all humans and scattered them all over the earth.||style="font-weight:bold"|Hus se avhos him dyunxwa Babel, be hyua duni: "Yanmulx". Is se hom ha Oyjobat vyonapxa ha dalzeyni bi hya imerati ay yonzyaba yit bu hyami bi ha imer. |} Word-for-word analysis: ha....the [definite determiner] yabtom....tower < yab-....high + tom....building bi....of, from [preposition; opp: bu....to] Babel [proper name] huj....then < hu- [distal determiner that] + j [stub for job....time] hya....all [distributive determiner] imertobi....people of earth < imer....earth [ = planet 3] + tob....human + -i [plural marker] bexa....had < bex- [verb stem of to have/hold] + -a [past tense] ana....a single < a(n)-....one + -a [adjective marker] dalzeyn....language < dal....speech + zeyn medium ay....and [positive conjunction; opp: oy....but] yansauna....common < yan-....together + saun....type + -a [adjective marker] dunyan....vocabulary < dun'....word + -yan....collection je van....while < je....during + van [positive complementizer] that tobi....men, people < tob [noun] person/man/human + -i [plural marker] emuipeya....were migrating < em....place + ui-....hither-thither + p-...go + -ey- [progressive aspect] + -a [past tense] byi....since, starting with [preposition; opp: byu....up to] zimerem....east < zi- = right/east + mer....planet + -em....location yit....they, them < yit [3d plur animate pronoun] yokkaxa....discovered < yok....surprise + kax- [stem of verb find] + -a [past simple tense marker] zyimem....a plain < zyi-....flat + mem....land tamkyoxa....settled < tam = home + kyox-....fix + -a [past tense marker] hum....there < hu- [distal determiner that] + -m' [stub of nem....place] hyuitda....said to one another < hyuit < hyui-....one-another + -t [person suffix] + d- [stem of verb say,tell] + -a [past tense maker] van....that < [positive complementizer that, let, so that] yat....we, us [1st plur anim pron] sanxu....form, mold < san....form + -x-....do/make/-ify + -u [hypothetical/imperative/subjunctive] hegla....some < he- [indefinite determiner prefix] + -gla [determiner suffix quantity/amount/degree] mefi....bricks < mef [noun] brick + -i [plural marker] magxu....fire, burn < mag- = fire + -x-....do/make/-ify + -u [hypothetical/imperative/subjunctive] isi....they, them < isi [inanimate 3p plural pronoun] huyen....thus, so < hu- [distal determiner prefix that] + -yen [determiner suffix manner] av....for [preposition; opp: ov....against] sexmegi....building stones < sex- [stem of verb to build] + meg....stone + -i [plural marker] megyel....tar, pitch, asphalt < meg....stone + -yel [suffix viscous liquid] sexyanul....mortar < sex- [stem of verb to build] + yan = together + -ul....substance > glue johus....then, next < jo....after + hu-....that + -s....thing da....said, told < d [stem of verb say/tell] + -a [past simple tense marker] upu....come! < u(b) [preposition] toward + p- [stem of verb go] + -u [imperative] sexu....build < sex [stem of verb build] + -u [subjunctive] > van yat sexu = let us build yauta....our own < yat = we/us + ut = self + -a [adjective marker] dom....city bay....with (preposition; opp: boy....without] yabtom....tower < yab- = high + tom....building pyuxea....reaching < pyux- reach + -e- [progressive] + -a [adjective marker] mam....sky so....will be < s- = [stem of verb to be] + -o [future simple tense] yibtrwa....famous < yib....far + tr- [perfect stem of verb know/recognize] + -w- [passive voice] + -a [adjective marker] jaebo....will prevent < ja- before + eb- between, block + -o [future tense marker] yata....our < yat = we/us + -a [adjective marker] yonzyaben....dispersal < yon....apart + zya- wide + b- = [stem of verb to put] + -e- [progressive] + -n (nominalizer) = -en [gerund] -ing bu....to [preposition; opp: bi....from] hyami....all places, all parts < [distributive determiner prefix hya- all] + [suffix -m....place + -i [plural marker] bi....of, from [preposition; opp: bu....to] Oyjobat....Eternal One < oy....without + job....time + -at....person yopa....descended < yo(b)- = down + p- [stem of verb to go] + -a [past tense marker] av....for [preposition; opp: ov....against] teater....to see < tea(b)- = eye + t-....know + -er [infinitive ending] ha....the [def. deictic determiner = def. art.] dom....city ho....that, which, who [relative complementizer] sexaya....had built < sex- [stem of verb to build] + -ay- [perfect active aspect/voice marker] + -a [past tense marker] teaxu....look! < tea(b)-....eye + x- do/make/-ify + -u [imperative] yit....they sanse....form/constitute < san....form + s- [stem of verb be/become/-ize + -e [present tense marker' tyod....a people hyati....all of them < hya- [distributive determiner prefix all] + [suffix -t....person) + -i [plural marker] bexe....has, have < bex- [stem of verb to have] + -e [present tense marker] his....this < [proximal determiner prefix hi-....this] + [suffix -s....thing] anay....only < a(n)-....one + --ay [adverb ending -ly] yita....their < yit [3d plur pronoun] they + -a [adjective marker] aa....first < a-....one + -a [adjective marker] xal....accomplishment deriv. of x- [stem of verb to do] johis....then, next < jo....after + his [proximal inanimate determiner] this hyes....whatever < [indiscriminate determiner prefix hye- + s [inanimate pronoun suffix....thing] ojtexo....will plan, envisage < oj-....future + tex-- [stem of verb to think] + -o [future tense marker] so....will be < s- [stem of verb to be/become] + -o [future tense marker] vyamxyafwa....realizable < vyam- = reality + x- [verb formant do/make/-ize] + -yaf-....able + -w- [pass voice] + -a [adjectival suffix] > possible to be made real yopu....descend < yo(b)-....down + p- [verb formant to go] + -u [subjunctive marker] > van yat yopu hum....let us go down there yanmulxer....mix up, confuse < yan-....together + mul....stuff + [verb formant x- do/make/-ify] + -er [infinitive suffix] von....lest, don't, so that not [negative complementizer; yit....they hyuittestu....hyuit....one another + tes....meaning + t- [stem of verb know] + -u [subjunctive mood suffix]so they will not understand one another gaj....further, anymore < ga-....more + -j....time (stub for job....time) Johus....then ha Oyjobat....the Eternal One yonzyaba....scattered < yon....apart + zya....wide + [verb formant b-....put] + -a [past tense marker] ha tobi....the men yib....far [adverb] bi hum....from there ub [preposition] toward; opp: ib away] hyami....all parts < hya-....all + -m....place + -i [plural marker] bi ha imer....of the earth ay....and yit....they poxa....stopped < po-....still + [verb formant x-....do/make/-ify] + -a [past tense marker] opp: paxer....to move sexen....building < sex- [stem of verb to build] + -e- [present tense marker] + -n [abstract noun] = [gerund] bi ha dom ay yabtom.....of the city and tower. se....is, are < s-- [stem of verb to be] + -e [simple present tense marker] avhos....the reason why < av....for + [relative determiner ho-....which + -s stub for thing] him....here, this place < [proximal determiner prefix hi- this] + [place suffix -m] dyunxwa....was/were named < dyun....name + [verb formant x- do/make/=ify] + -w- [passive infix] + -a [past tense marker] be hyua duni....in other words, i.e. < be [preposition] in, at hyua [unidentical deictic adjective] other dun....word + -i [plural marker]....words hom....the place where < + [relative prefix ho- + place stub m] vyonapxa....messed up, confused < vyo-....wrong/false + nap....order + [verb formant x....do/make] + -a [past tense marker] ha....the dalzeyni....languages bi....of hya....all imerati....earthlings < imer....earth + -at....[person suffix] + -i [plural marker] ay....and yonzyaba....scattered yit....them bu....to hyami....all places < hya-....all + -m....place + -i [plural marker] bi....of ha....the imer....earth Interlinguistics The following text is from the Wikipedia article on Interlinguistics: + Interlinguistics Mirad EnglishEbdalzeyntun, gel ha tun bi exdrwa dalzeyni, esaye ji ga vyel awa sojab gel zyosauna sub bi dalzeyntun av ha tix bi kyasauna teasgoni bi dalzeyna ebtuien. Interlinguistics, as the science of planned languages, has existed for more than a century as a specific branch of linguistics for the study of various aspects of linguistic communication.Ebdalzeyntun se tixnad sanaxwa bey Otto Jesperson be 1931 (aro yusila) gel ha tun bi ebdalzeyni, be hyua duni: byux dalzeyni sankyaxwa av ebdooba ebtuien. Interlinguistics is a discipline formalized by Otto Jespersen in 1931 as the science of interlanguages, i.e. contact languages tailored for international communication.Be ga yubaja jobi, ha syun bi tix bi ebdalzeyntun doytxwa bay dalzeyn exdren, ha iblen bi texnapi uxler jatexway ha sexyen ay ex bi tejea dalzeyn. Be hia yuzkason, ebdalzeyni ase oybanyan bi exdrwa dalzeyni, be hyua duni: oegla kyeoni bi dalzeyn exdren.In more recent times, the object of study of interlinguistics was put into relation with language planning, the collection of strategies to deliberately influence the structure and function of a living language. In this framework, interlanguages become a subset of planned languages, i.e. extreme cases of language planning.Ebdalzeyntun ijnay teasia gel sub bi tixi kyoyuxwa bu ha syemben bi vyabi av gabyuxea dalzeyni, oy zye isa sojabyaga ajdin is testwaye bey ogela druti ga ay ga zyaay gel ebtixnada sub bi tun ho yebexe kyasauna teasgoni bi ebtuien, dalzeyn exdren, ay egonxen, gladalzeynin ay mirzyaxen, dalzeyna vyabyen, ebtestuen, dotdalzeyntun, ebteza ebtuien, ha ajdin bi dalzeyn saxen ay drenyan drwa be exdrwa dalzeyni (ebdooba gabyuxea dalzeyni = gabdali gab sexwa dalzeyni = sexdali, vyomdina tuza dalzeyni = tuzdali, yiva dalzeyni, dalyanmulxi, yankdalzeyni, ay sexwa dalzeyni be ha ebmepyan ay hyua vyesoni gabwa.) Interlinguistics first appeared as a branch of studies devoted to the establishment of norms for auxiliary languages, but over its century-long history it has been understood by different authors more and more broadly as an interdisciplinary branch of science which includes various aspects of communication, language planning and standardization, multilingualism and globalization, language policy, translation, sociolinguistics, intercultural communication, the history of language creation and literature written in planned languages (international auxiliary languages : auxlangs as well as constructed languages : conlangs, fictional artistic languages : artlangs, lingua francas, pidgins, creoles and constructed languages in the internet and other topics were added.) The North Wind and the Sun The following is the English text of a fable called "The North Wind and the Sun", followed by a translation in Mirad: + The North Wind and the Sun English MiradThe North Wind and the Sun disputed as to which was the most powerful, and agreed that he should be declared the victor who could first strip a wayfaring man of his clothes. Ha Zamera Map ay ha Amar yontexda vyel hoat se ha gwa yafat, ay yantexda van hot yafo anapay tafober popea twob yefu delwer ha akut. The North Wind first tried his power and blew with all his might, but the keener his blasts, the closer the Traveler wrapped his cloak around him, until at last, resigning all hope of victory, the Wind called upon the Sun to see what he could do. Ha Zamera Map anapay yeka ita yaf ay maipxwa bay hya ita azan, oy ha ga aza ita mapyuxi, ha ga azbixway ha Poput nidyuzba ita koxof, ju van, ujay, lobuea hya fiyak bi aklan, ha Map dia ha Amar teater hos it yafu xer. The Sun suddenly shone out with all his warmth. Ha Amar yokway ikmansa bay hya ita ayman. The Traveler no sooner felt his genial rays than he took off one garment after another, and at last, fairly overcome with heat, undressed and bathed in a stream that lay in his path. Gwa jwa van ha poput tayosa ita fitipa naudi it oba awa taf jo ga awas, ay ujay, gle aklawa bey aman, tofopa ay milyepa be miap ho yeztaseya be ita meup. The moral: Persuasion is better than force. Ha dofindin: Vatexuen se ga fia vyel yafonuen. Proverbs The following are some famous proverbs translated into Mirad: + Proverbs Proverb Language MiradAbsence makes the heart grow fonder. EnglishIbesen iflonikxe ha tiib ga azay.Actions speak louder than words. EnglishAxleyni dale ga azay vyel duni.A picture is worth a thousand words. EnglishSin naze amlo duni. Don't count your chickens before they hatch. EnglishVon sagdu eta gafapayti ja van yit patijbwo. Don't judge a book by its cover. English Von yevdu dyes bey isa abaun. The early bird gets the worm. English Ha jwaa pat pixe ha peyet. You can lead a horse to water, but you can't make him drink it.EnglishEt yafe izber ekpet bu mil, oy et yofe tiluxer it. Fruit of a tree falls near its roots. TurkishFeb bi fab pyose yub bi isa fyobi. A fool dreams of wealth; a wise man, of happiness. Turkish Vyotuyukwat tujeaze nyaz; vyatuwat, ivan. Mieux vaut prévenir que guérir. FrenchSe ga fia jaeber vyel byeker. Qui court deux lièvres à la fois, n'en prend aucun.FrenchHot zojoigpe ewa lapoti hyij ibe hyowat. Übung macht den Meister.GermanJetixen saxe ha tyeneb. Anfangen ist leicht, Beharren ist Kunst. German Ijen se yuka, jetxen se tuz. Η γλώσσα κόκαλα δεν έχει, αλλά κόκαλα τσακίζει. Greek Ha teubab ayse hogla taibi oy is myekxe taibi. Veni, vidi, vici.LatinAt upa, at teata, at akra. Carpe diem.Latin Biru ha jub. Non ducor, duco.LatinAt voy izbwe, at izbe. Far d'una mosca un elefante.ItalianSaxer elpot bi dipelat. 事实胜于雄辩。 (Shìshí shèng yú xióngbiàn)ChineseXeyni akle viduni. Thùng rỗng kêu to. (Empty barrels make loud noises.)VietnameseUka faosyebi saxe xeusagi. Genesis + Genesis, the Biblical Story of Creation English MiradThe BeginningHa Ij In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Be ha ij Tot saxa ha mami ay ha imer. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the Spirit of God was hovering over the waters. Huj ha imer sa sanoya ay uka. Mon sa ayb ha abem bi ha yobyagan, ay ha Top bi Tot paeya ayb ha mili. And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. Ay Tot da: "Van esu man" ay man esa.God saw that the light was good, and he separated the light from the darkness.Tot teata van ha man se fia, ay it yonxa ha man bi ha mon.God called the light “day,” and the darkness he called “night.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the first day.Tot dyua ha man "maj" ay ha mon it dyua "moj." Ay esa moj, ay esa maj, ha aa jub.And God said, “Let there be a vault between the waters to separate water from water.”Ay Tot da: "Van esu aybuz eb ha mili av yonxer mil bi mil." So God made the vault and separated the water under the vault from the water above it. And it was so.Johus Tot saxa ha aybuz ay yonxa ha mil oyb ha aybuz bi ha mil ayb has. Ay sa huyen. God called the vault “sky.” And there was evening, and there was morning—the second day. Ay Tot dyua ha aybuz "mam." Ay esa moj ay esa maj -- ha ea jub. And God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place, and let dry ground appear.” And it was so. Ay Tot da: "Van ha mil oyb ha mam yanxwu bu awa nem, ay van uma mel teasiu." Ay sa huyen. God called the dry ground “land,” and the gathered waters he called “seas.” And God saw that it was good.Tot dyua ha uma mel "mem," ay ha yonxwa mili it dyua "mimi." Ay Tot teata van is se fia. Then God said, “Let the land produce vegetation: seed-bearing plants and trees on the land that bear fruit with seed in it, according to their various kinds.” And it was so. Johus, Tot da: "Van ha mem tudxu fobyan: veebbelea fobi ay fabi be ha mem ho tajbe febi bay yeba veebi joupea isa kyasauna sauni." The Colors of the Rainbow Ha Volzi bi ha Mamiluz thumb|none|60px + The Colors of the Rainbow Mirad EnglishWhen the sunlight strikes raindrops in the air, they act as a prism and form a rainbow. Hoj ha amarman pyexe mamilzyuyni be ha mal, isi axle gel zyefnid ay sanxe mamiluz.The rainbow is a division of white light into many beautiful colors. Ha mamiluz se golen bi malza man bu gla via volzi.These take the shape of a long round arch, with its path high above, and its two ends apparently beyond the horizon.Hisi bie ha san bi yaga zyua uzun, bay isa mep yab ayb, ay isa ewa uji teaseay yiz ha mamnad.There is, according to legend, a boiling pot of gold at one end. |Ese, be duni bi tezdin, magilea elsyeb bi aulk be awa uj.|- valign=top |People look, but no one ever finds it. |Yot teaxe, oy hyot hyej kaxe is.|- valign=top |When a man looks for something beyond his reach, his friends say he is looking for "the pot of gold at the end of the rainbow." |Hoj hea tob kexe hes yiz bi ita pyuxyaf, ita dati de van it kexeye av "ha elsyeb bi aulk be ha uj bi ha mamiluz."|- valign=top |Throughout the centuries, people have explained the rainbow in various ways. |Zya ha sojabi, yot testuaye ha mamiluz be kyasauna byeni.|- valign=top |Some have accepted it as a miracle without physical explanation. |Heti vabiaye is gel fyateaz boy tapa testuun.|- valign=top |To the Hebrews, it was a token that there would be no more universal floods. |Av ha Hebrati, is sa siun van eso hyogla mora yimi gaj.|- valign=top |The Greeks used to imagine that it was a sign from the gods to foretell war or heavy rain. |Ha Gerocamati ajyenay tepsinieya van is sa siun bi ha toti av jader dropek ey kyia mamil.|- valign=top |The Norsemen considered the rainbow as a bridge over which the gods passed from earth to their home in the sky. |Ha Zamergonati yevtexa ha mamiluz gel zeymep ho ha toti aybzeypa bi imer bu yita taam be ha mam.|- valign=top |Others have tried to explain the phenomenon physically. |Hyuti yekaye testuer ha teakyes tapay.|- valign=top |Aristotle thought that the rainbow was caused by reflection of the sun’s rays by the rain. |Aristotelis texa van ha mamiluz uxwe bey zoykixen bi ha amarnaudi bey ha mamil.|- valign=top |Since then physicists have found that it is not reflection, but refraction by the raindrops which causes the rainbows. |Ji huj moltuti kaxaye van is voy se zoykixen, oy zoyyonxen bey ha mamilzyuyni ho uxe ha mamiluzi.|- valign=top |Many complicated ideas about the rainbow have been formed. |Gla yikla teyeni vyel ha mamiluz sanxwaye.|- valign=top |The difference in the rainbow depends considerably upon the size of the drops, and the width of the colored band increases as the size of the drops increases. |Ha logelan be ha mamiluz yuvse gla be ha agan bi ha zyuyni, ay ha zyaan bi ha volzbwa neyef agase je van ha nag bi ha zyuyni agase.|- valign=top |The actual primary rainbow observed is said to be the effect of super-imposition of a number of bows. |Ha xuna anoga mamiluz teaxiwa dwe ser ha ix bi ayben bi glea uzuni.|- valign=top |If the red of the second bow falls upon the green of the first, the result is to produce a bow with an abnormally wide yellow band, since red and green light when mixed form yellow. |Ven ha alz bi ha enapa uzun pyose ayb ha ulz bi ha anapas, ha ix se xuer uzun bay oegay zyaa ilza neyef, av hos van alza vay ulza man hoj yanmulxwa sanxe ilz.|- valign=top |This is a very common type of bow, one showing mainly red and yellow, with little or no green or blue. |His se glakaxwa saun bi uzun, hias teaxuea agalay alz ay ilz, bay gro ey hyogla ulz ey yolz.|} De Accidentibus Rerum This passage is the first part of an educational Latin-English lesson book by John Amos Comenius from 1633 found in [Linguarum Reserata]. It is translated as "on the accidence of things", but should properly be translated in modern English as "on the declension of substantives", because it has to do with nouns and adjectives and their various forms and agreements. Latin English Mirad Dé accidentibus rérum On the declension of substantives Ayv ha sankyaxen bi sunduni Deus est æternusMundus temporáriusAngelus immortális.Homó mortális God is eternal,The world temporary.An angel is immortal,Man is mortal. Tot se oyjoba.Ha mir yogjoba.Tat se otojua.Tob se tojua. Corpus vísibileSpiritus invísibilis.Anima itidem The body is visible,The spirit is invisible,The soul also. Ha tab se teatyafwa.Ha top se teatyofwa.Ha toop geyen. Cælum est suprémumAër mediusTerra ínfimaNúbés est remótaNebula propinqua Heaven is the highest,The air in the middle,The earth the lowest.A cloud is far away,A mist near. Ha mam se yabra.Ha mal be ha zem.Ha imer se obra.Maf se yiba.Mif yuba. Locus est magnum aut parvus.Tempus longum aut breveAlea láta vel angustaDomus ampla vel arctaMontés sunt altíVallés profundæCollés elevatíCasa est humilisTurris excelsaAbiés prócéra A place is great or small,Time is long or short.A courtyard is wide or narrow,A house large or narrow.Mountains are high.Valleys deepHills are raisedA cottage is humbleA tower loftyA fir tree tallNem se aga ey oga.Job se yaga ey yoga.Yujem se zyaa ey zyoa.Tam grea ey groa.Memyazi se yaiba.Memyozi yoiba.Memyayzi yabwa.Tamog se yovla.Yabtom se yaiba.Abpifab yabaga. Fluvius brevis aut profundusFilum est tenue (subtíle),Fúnis crassus.Arundó est cavaLignum solidumForámen est vacuum (ináne)Camínus plénus fúmí A river is shallow or deepA thread is slender (thin),A rope thick.A reed is hollow,Wood solid.An opening is empty A chimney full of smoke. Mip se youba ey yoiba.Nif se gyoa.Nyif gyaa.Povib se zyega.Faob gyia.Yij se uka.Movuf se ika bi mov. Línea est recta vel curvaSuperficiés aspera vel lævisPondus grave aut leve.Numerus pár vel impár. A line is straight or curvedA surface rough or smooth.A weight is heavy or lightA number is even or odd Nad se iza ey uza.Ned yigfa ey yugfa.Kyis se kyia ey kyua.Sag se euna ey oleuna. Globus est rotundusColumna teresMensa quadrátaX habet fórmam crucisPávó est fórmósusSimia défórmis A sphere is roundA column is cylindricalA table is squaredX has the form of a crossA peacock is beautifulAn ape misshapen.Zyunid se zyuaMyuf se mufyega.Sem unkuna.Xu ayse san bi xus.Pafapat se via.Homsimpyot se vua. Colórés ColoursVolzi Créta est albaTabula nigraCinnabaris rubraSulphur luteumGrámen virideFirmámentum cæruleumVitrum est pellúcidumAsser opacusAqua turbida vel clára Chalk is whiteA board is blackVermilion is redSulphur yellowGrass greenThe firmament blueGlass is transparentA plank opaqueWater troubled or clearMeyag se malza.Drof molza.Hegelk alza.Solk ilza.Vab ulza.Mam yolza.Zyev se vyida.Faof vyuda.Mil vyifa ey vyufa. Sapórés FlavoursTeusi Mel est dulce:sícut et saccharumFel amárumAcétum acidumSál salsumPiper ácreImmátúrum pómum acerbum vel austérum Honey is sweetas is sugarBile bitterVinegar is tartSalt is saltyPepper sharpAn unripe fruit is sharp or harshAppelatil se yugzaay geyen sakol.Tikibil yigaza.Yigvafil se yigza.Mimol se mimolaya.Sifol giza.Ojwefa feb se giza ey yigra. Odórés SmellsTeisi Odor est suávisfoetor téter A smell is sweetA stink unsavouryFiteis se sakolika.Futeis se futeisa. Aliæ quálitátés Other qualitiesHyua fini. Lutum est húmidumPulvis siccusOssa dúraCaró mollisGlaciés lúbricaPrúna calida et candensCarbó frígidus et áterNós incédimus vestítíIndí núdí Mud is moistDust dryBones hardFlesh softIce slipperyA hot coal is hot and glowingA dead coal cold and blackWe go about clothedIndians nudeMeil se ima.Mek se uma.Taibi yiga.Taob yuga.Yom kipyea.Ama moog se ama ey mazea.Tuja moog se oma ay moza.Yat yuzpe tofwa.Initi oytofa. Únicornis est ferum animalVacca mánsuétum (cicur).Leó sævumOvis míte A unicorn is a fierce beastA cow gentle (tame)A lion is cruelA sheep quietAnteyubfyet se yigra pyot.Bopeyt yugra. (taama)Lefanpyot se frua.Ovbopet obosa. Gettysburgh Address {| class="wikitable" style="background: lightyellow;; font-size:smaller;" |+ Gettysburgh Address |- ! English !! Mirad |- |The Gettysburgh Address||Ha Dodal bi Gettysburgh|- |Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.|| Uwa eloni ay yewa jabi jay yata twedi tajba be hia yanmel ejna doob tyunxwa be yivan ay fyabuwa bu ha duun van hya tobi ijsaxwe gea.|- |Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.|| Hij yat se eybxwa be agala dita dropek, yekuea ven hua doob, ey hyea doob huuyen tyunxwa ay huuyen fyabuwa, yafe yagjeser.|- |We are met on a great battle-field of that war.|| Yat se nyanupya be agala dopekem bi hua dropek. |- |We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.|| Yat upaye fyabuer gon bi hua dopekem gel ujponem av hoti bua yita teji him av van hua doob teju.|- | It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.|| Se hyagla vyanaba ay vyala van yat xu his.|- |But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground.|| Oy be ga zyaa tes, yat yofe doduer--yat yofe fyabuer---yat yofe fyaaxer---hia mel.|- |The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.|| Hoa yifa tobi, tejea ay tojya, ho yekra him, fyabuaye is yib ayb yata ukza yafon gaber ey gober.|- |The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.|| Ha mir glo tepio ay yagtaxo hos yat de him, oy is yafe toxer hyoj hos yit xa him.|- |It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.|| Se av yat ha tejeati ga-jwa fyabuwer him bu ha oujbwa yex ho hoti ebbyexa him byuhij huugla fizay zaybaye.|- |It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.|| Se ga-jwa av yat ser him fyabuwa bu ha agala yexun besea za yat--van bi hia fizuwa tojati yat biu gaxwa fyabuen ub hua avson ho yit bua ha ujna ika nid bi fyabuen av is--van yat him vafe azay van hia tojati von tojayu boy fyin--van hia doob, oyb Tot, aysu ejna taj bi yivan--ay van dab bi ha tyod, bey ha tyod, av ha tyod, von loteasu bi ha imer.' Syntax Lesson 1