Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular modernized/Introductory

Lesson 1 + Pêng'im TL Characters English ua2uá 我 I. ung2úng 阮 We (not including the person addressed.) nang2náng 俺 We (including the person addressed.) le2lúr 汝 You (singular.) ning2níng 恁 You (plural.) i1i 伊 He, she, it, him, her. u6ŭ 有 Have. bho5bô 無 No, none. si6sĭ 是 Yes, is. m6(7)si6m̆-sĭ 唔是 Not, no. ain3àinn 愛 Want, wish main3màinn 勿 Don't want, don't. lai5lâi 來 Come. ke3khùr 去 Go. m6m̆ 唔 Will not. ua2 u6uá ŭ 我有 I have. le2 bho5lúr bô 汝無 You haven't. ung2 main3úng màinn 阮勿 We don't want. ning2 lai5níng lâi 恁來 You (plural) come. i1 m6(7)lai5i m̆-lâi 伊唔來 He won't come. i1 ain3(2)ke3i àinn khùr 伊愛去 He wants to go. nang2 lai5(7)ke3náng lâi-khùr 俺來去 Let us go. ua2 m6(7)ke3uá m̆-khùr 我唔去 I am not going. m6(7)si6(7) le2m̆-sĭ lúr 唔是汝 Not you. si6(7) i1sĭ i 是伊 It is he. Lesson 2 + Pêng'im TL Characters English zi2(6)go3, ziê2tsí-kò, tsíe 只塊，照Here. he2(6)go3, hiê2húr-kò, hié 許塊，～There. di5(7)go3tî-kò 底塊Where? diang1si5, di5(7)si5tiang-sî, tî-sî 𫢗時When? zi2(6)gai5, zia2tsí-kâi, tsía 只個，者This. he2(6)gai5, hia2húr-kâi, hía 許個，～That. di5(7)-zêg8(4)gai5, di5(7)gai5tî-tsêk-kâi, tî-kâi 底一個，底個Which? di5(7)gai5, si6(7)mih4tî-kâi, sĭ-mih 底個，是乜What? zo2(6)nin5tsó-nî 做呢Why? ing1ui5ing-ûi 因爲Because, on account of. di5(7)diang5tî-tîang 底𫢗Who? di5(7)diang5-gai5tî-tîang-kâi 底𫢗個Whose? zi2(6)zuan3-gai5tsí-tsùann-kâi 只賤個These. he2(6)zuan3-gai5húr-tsùann-kâi 許賤個Those. zo2(6)nin5, riêh8tsó-nî, zîeh 做呢，若How? ziên3(2)sên1tsìenn-senn 照生Like this, thus. hiên3(2)sên1hìenn-senn ～生Like that. liou2líou 了Then. ziu6tsĭu 就Thereupon. huang5(7)liou2hûang-líou 還了Still. do6tŏ 在At, in, on, in the act of. ziê3tsìe 照According to. huang2(6)dng2húang-tńg 返轉On the contrary, on the other hand. ding1do3ting-tò On the contrary, on the other hand. gang7, gah4kāng, kah 共，甲And. si6sĭ 是But. ia7īa 也Also. cong5, do6tshông, tŏ 從，在From. gao3kàu 到To. kah4khah 豈Too. iag4(8)liang5iak-lîang 約量About. ca1bug4(8)do1tsha-puk-to 差不多About. ba1lag4pa-lak ～～Perhaps. nan7si6nā-sĭ 哪是If. a1si6a-sĭ 啊是Or. a1bho5a-bô 啊無Or not? Interrogative signs. mê7mē ～Or not? Interrogative signs. nê7nē ～Or not? Interrogative signs. Lesson 3 + Pêng'im TL Characters English ua2 do6(7) zi2(6)go3uá tŏ tsí-kò 我 在 只塊。I am here, le2 do6(7) he2(6)go3lúr tŏ húr-kò 汝 在 許塊。You are there. i1 do6(7) di5(7)go3?i tŏ tî-kò 伊 在 底塊？Where is he? ning2 diang1si5(7) ke3?níng tiang-sî khùr? 恁 𫢗時 去？When did you go? zi2(6)gai5 si6(7) di5(7)gai5?tsí-kâi sĭ tî-kâi? 只個 是 底個？What is this? he2(6)gai5 ua2 main3húr-kâi uá màinn 許個 我 勿。I don't want that one. le2 ain3(2) di5(7)zêg8(4)gai5?lúr àinn tî-tsêk-kâi? 汝 愛 底 一個？Which do you want? le2 ain3(2) di5(7)gai5?lúr àinn tî-kâi? 汝 愛 底個？What do you want? i1 zo3(2)nin5(7) bho5(7)lai5?i tsò-nî bô-lâi? 伊 做呢 無來？Why did he not come? si6(7) ing1ui5(7) zo3(2)nin5?sĭ ing-ûi tsò-nî? 是 因爲 做呢？For what reason? le2 si6(7) di5(7)diang5?lúr sĭ tî-tîang? 汝 是 底𫢗？Who are you? zia2 si6(7) di5(7)diang5-gai5?tsía sĭ tî-tîang--kai? 者 是 底𫢗個？Whose is this? zi2zuan3-gai5 m6(7)si6tsí-tsùann--kai m̆-sĭ 只～個 唔是。These are not them. he2(6)zuan3-gai5 si6-me7?húr-tsùann--kai sĭ-mē? 許～個 是～？Are those them? le2 u6(7) riêh8(4)zoi7?lúr ŭ ziêh-tsōi? 汝 有 若濟？How much have you? le2 u6(7) riêh8(4)zoi7 gai5?lúr ŭ ziêh-tsōi kâi? 汝 有 若濟 個？How many have you? si6(7) ziên3(2)sên1sĭ tsìenn-senn 是 照生。It is like this. m6(7)si6(7) hiên3(2)sên1m̆-sĭ hìenn-senn 唔是 ～生。Not like that. --- + Pêng'im TL Characters English i1 huang5(7)liou2 bhuê7ke3i hûang-líou būe-khùr 伊 還了 未去。He hasn't gone yet. zi2(6)gai5 gah4(8) he3(2)gai5tsí-kâi kah hùr-kâi 只個 甲 許個。This one and that one. zia2 m6(7)si6tsía m̆-sĭ 者 唔是。This is not it. hia2 ziu6(7)si6hía tsĭu-sĭ ～ 就是。That is it. le2 ia7 u6lúr īa ŭ 汝 也 有。You have got it too. cong5(7) di5(7)go3 gao3(2) di5(7)go3?tshông tî-kò kàu tî-kò? 從 底塊 到 底塊？From where to where? do6(7) zi2(6)go3 gao3(2) he2(6)go3tŏ tsí-kò kàu húr-kò 在 只塊 到 許塊。From here to there. ba1lag4(8) bho5pa-lak bô 拍叻 無。Perhaps not. le2 u6 a1bho5?lúr ŭ a-bô? 汝 有 啊無？Have you or have you not? did you or did you not? ua2 bho5úa bô 我 無。I havn't; I did not. le2 u6(7)ke3-mê7?lúr ŭ-khùr--mē? 汝 有 去 ～？Did you go? bho5bô 無。No. zo3(2)nin5(7) bho5-nê7?tsò-nî bô--nē? 做呢 無呢？Why not? ing1ui5(7) ua2 m6(7)ke3ing-ûi úa m̆-khùr 因爲 我 唔去。Because I don't want to go. zi2(6)gai5 si6(7) ua2-gai5tsí-kâi sí úa-kâi 只個 是 我個。This is mine. m6(7)si6(7) le2-gai5m̆-sĭ lúr-kâi 唔是 汝個。It isn't yours. si6 i1-gai5sĭ i-kâi 是 伊個。It is his. le2-gai5 m6(7)si6(7) ziên3(2)sên1lúr-kâi m̆-sĭ tsiènn-senn 汝個 唔是 照生。Yours is not like his. i1-gai5 si6(7) ziên3(2)sên1i-kâi sĭ tsìenn-senn 伊個 是 照生。His is like this.