ID Board Review/Bacterial Diseases/Gram-negative Rods (GNR)/Enterobacteriaceae/Shigella

Histology Gram-negative bacilli in Enterobacteriaceae Nonmotile, nonencapsulated Doesn't ferment lactulose and lacks urease activity Pathophysiology Low infectious inoculum One of the most communicable forms of bacterial diarrhea w 80% of infections transmitted from person to person Clinical Presentations Often in young/pediatric patients Asymptomatic to severe dysentery Often watery diarrhea, but bloody diarrhea is often Can progress to HUS Endemic Areas/Environments Daycares, often daycare attendance International travel STI among MSM Concomitant HIV infection might modulate transmission Diagnosis Differential Diagnoses Management