411 REFERENCE · Wikibooks
Fundamental Specifications for Steel Construction/Compression
Reference material by Wikibooks contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Flexural Buckling
For
())
For
Sections Not Subject to Torsional or Torsional-Flexural Buckling
= π2E/(KL/r)2
Definitions
= flexural buckling stress (ksi, MPa)
= elastick buckling stress (ksi, MPa)
= specified minimum yield stress (ksi, MPa)
= specified minimum tensile strength (ksi, MPa)
= gross area of cross section (in2, mm2)
= effective net area of cross section, as reduced for holes and/or local buckling effects (in2, mm2)