411 REFERENCE · Wikibooks
Practical Electronics/Voltage Divider
Reference material by Wikibooks contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Intro
A network of two resistors connected as shown
Analysis
Vo = I R2
Formula
Choosing Value for R
R2
R2 = 0 , Vo = 0
R2 >> R1 , Vo = Vi
R1
R1 = 0 , Vo = Vi
R1 >> R2 , Vo = 0
R1 = R2
Vo = ½ Vi
When R1 = R2 , the output voltage is exactly halved of the input voltage
Summary
There is no gain for this network, since Vo never greater than Vi .
This network can be used as Voltage Attenuator, Voltage Follower, Voltage Halved, or Voltage Ground
When the value of R2 > R1, this network acts as Voltage Attenuator
When the value of R2 = 0 or R1 >> R2, this network acts as Voltage Ground
When the value of R1 = 0 or R1 << R2, this network acts as Voltage Follower
When the value of R2 = R1 = R then this network acts as Voltage Halved