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Lower Sorbian/Grammar/Further explanation of conjugatory matters
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General listing of verbal endings
present
past active part.
imperative
aorist/imperfect
1. sg.
-u; -m [1]
r.m: -ł
r.ż.: -ła
r.n.: -ło
-
-ch
2. sg.
-š
-‘; -i (-y)
-šo
3. sg.
-
-
-šo
1. du.
-mej
-łej
-‘mej; -mej
-chmej
2. du.
-tej
-‘tej; -tej
-štej
3. du.
-tej
-‘tej; -tej
-štej
1. pl.
-my
-li
-‘my; -my
-chmy
2. pl.
-śo
-śo
-šćo
3. pl.
-u
-
-chu
[1] the ending –u belongs to the 1st conjugation; the ending –m belong only to the 2nd and 3rd conjugations, alternatively also in the 1st conjugation
infinitive: -ś; -č; -c
supine: -t
verbal noun: -nje; -śe
past passive participle: -ny; -ty
present active participle: -cy
Complex tenses
Past tense
Appropriate personal form of present tense of byś + past active participle of given verb in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. som pšosył
Future tense
Appropriate personal form of future tense of byś + infinitive, e.g. budu pšosyś
Conditional mood
Present tense: particle by + past active participle in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. by pšosył
Past tense I: an appropriate form of auxiliary aorist of byś + past active participle in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. buch pšosył
Past tense II: particle by + past active participle of byś in an appropriate number and gender + past active participle in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. by był pšosył
Plusquamperfect tense
An appropriate personal form of imperfect of byś + past active participle of a given verb in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. běch pšosył