Rhetoric and Composition/Unclear demonstrative pronoun reference

Example The amount of information that needs to be entered into the database is enormous, and it needs to be entered in a different way for each patient. This will make the design process complex." What's wrong? The example uses a demonstrative pronoun (such as this, these, or those), but there are two or more possible antecedents. To which does the pronoun refer? Consider this example: The new equipment arrived yesterday, and everything is in working order. This was something of a surprise. Which is surprising? The fact that the equipment arrived, or that it was in working order, or both? How to fix this problem Supply a clarifying noun: The new equipment arrived yesterday, and everything is in working order. This happy outcome was something of a surprise.