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411 समाचार
Public archive edition · Attributed source reporting with original dates · AI drafts are excluded

411 REFERENCE · Wikibooks

Less

Reference material by Wikibooks contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.

Less is a command-line pager: a program that shows one page out of a file in a terminal window and shows more pages one at a time upon user request, irrespective of file size. Another noted similar program is more. Less allows moving back and forth, supports arrow keys, and, when at the end of a pipeline, shows as much of the buffer as it can from the content fed into it, refreshing its buffer regularly as the pipeline provides more of the content. Examples: less --help Displays help in the less command itself. -h and -H do not output help. less --version less -V Outputs version. less -psearchterm MyFile.txt Option -p opens the files at the occurrences of the searchterm. grep dog AnimalData.txt | less Keyboard commands Keyboards commands that can be used once less is started: up and down arrow keys - scroll up or down page up or page down - as expected home - go to the top of the file end - go to the bottom of the file space - scroll forward q - quit h - help / - forward regex search n - next occurrence of a search match N - previous occurrence of a search match -i - ignore case in further searches Links: less man page - section COMMANDS, freebsd.org Versions thumb|An example of Less in use. Versions of GNU less can be seen in http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/less/. Greenwood Software less versions can be seen in http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/download.html and http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/old.html. A version of less for MS Windows is available from GnuWin32 project, as well as from Cygwin. License Less is dual-licensed under GNU GPL V3+ and The Less License, a BSD-like license. It follows from README file from less-481.tar.gz GNU less distribution. The Less License is stated in the LICENSE file in the same distribution. External links less home page, greenwoodsoftware.com less(1) OS X Manual Page at developer.apple.com less man page, freebsd.org GNU less pages at gnu.org; no user manual apparent Wikipedia article on Less Utility software Open source software 100%