Handbook of the Swatow Vernacular modernized/Exercises (2)

Lesson 7 Exercises. Section 1 + Pêng'im TL Characters English si3(2)gang1sì-kang世間 The world. tin1ê6thinn-ĕ天下 The world. tin1thinn天 Heaven. di7tī地 Earth. suan1suann山 A hill, a mountain. hai2hái海 Sea. dua7hai2tūa-hái大海 Ocean. zui2tsúi水 Water. hai2(6)gin5hái-kînn海墘 Sea-coast, sea-side. tou5thôu土 Earth, ground. ciu7tshīu樹 Trees. hiêh8hîeh葉 Leaves. dua7ziêh8tūa-tsîeh大石 Rocks. ziêh8tsîeh石 Stones. ziêh8(4)bou6tsîeh-pŏu石部 Stones. sua1sua沙 Sand. nang5nâng儂 Mankind. da1bou1ta-pou丈夫 Male. (only used of man.) ze1niên5tsur-nîe諸娘 Female. (only used of man.) --- + Pêng'im TL Characters English si3(2)gang1 gai5(7) nang5 si6(7) ag4sì-kang kâi nâng sĭ ak世間 個 儂 是 惡 The people in the world are wicked. tin1ê6 si6(7) kuah4thinn-ĕ sĭ khuah天下 是 闊 The world is broad. siang6(7)di3 do6(7) tin1, nang5 do6(7) di7sĭang-tì tŏ thinn, nâng tŏ tī上帝 在 天，儂 在 地 God is in heaven, and men are on earth. tin1 do6(7) ziên7, di7 do6(7) ê6thinn tŏ tsīenn, tī tŏ ĕ天 在 上，地 在 下 Heaven is above, and earth is below. suan1 si6(7) guin5, hai2 si6(7) cim1suann sĭ kûinn, hái sĭ tshim山 是 懸，海 是 深 Mountains are high, and seas are deep. dua7hai2 gai5(7) zui2 nam1tūa-hái kâi tsúi nam大海 個 水 藍 The waters of the oceans are blue. hai2(6)gin5 u6(7) nang5(7) gian1hái-kînn ŭ nâng kiann海墘 有 儂 行 There are people walking on the sea-side. tou5 bhoi6(7)bui5thôu bŏi-pûi土 𠁞 肥 The soil is not fertile. ciu7 bhoi6(7)huag4tshīu bŏi-huak樹 𠁞 發 The trees do not grow. hiêh8 do6(7) lug4, ciu7 ain3(2)si2hîeh tŏ luk, tshīu àinn-sí葉 在 落，樹 愛 死 The leaves are falling, and the trees are withering. do6(7) hai2(6)gin5 u6(7) dua7ziêh8tŏ hái-kînn ŭ tūa-tsîeh在 海墘 有 大石 There are rocks on the sea-side; u6 ziêh8(4)bou6, u6(7) sua1ŭ tsîeh-pŏu, ŭ sua有 石部，有 沙 There are stones, and there is sand. nang5 do6(7) si3 m7gu2nâng tŏ sì m̆-kú儂 在世 唔久 Man is not long in the world. da1bou1 ru2(6)zang3(2) guê3(2) ze1niên5ta-pou zú-tsàng kùe tsur-nîe丈夫 愈壯 過 諸娘 Man is stronger than woman. u6(7)gai5(7) ze1niên5 ru2(6)ghao5 guê3(2) da1bou1ŭ-kâi tsur-nîe zú-gâu kùe ta-pou有個 諸娘 愈𠢕 過 丈夫 Some women are cleverer than men. do6(7) zou2(6)gê1 u6(7) gê1gê1 ze1niên5, ghao5(7) guê3(2) da1bou1tŏ tsóu-ke ŭ ke-ke tsur-nîe, gâu-kùe ta-pou在 祖家 有 。。 諸娘，𠢕過 丈夫 There are many ladies in England cleverer than men. dng5(7)nang5-gai5(7) ze1niên5 ziê2(6)ziê2 bag4(8)ri7tn̂g-nâng-kâi tsur-nîe tsíe-tsíe pak-zī唐人個 諸娘 少少 捌字 Very few Chinese ladies can read. ung2-gai5(7) ze1niên5 long2(6)zong2 bag4(8)ri7úng-kâi tsur-nîe lóng-tsóng pak-zī阮個 諸娘 攏總 捌字 Our ladies can all read. Section 2 + Pêng'im TL Characters English rig8zîk日 Sun. ghuêh8gûeh月 Moon. cên1tshenn星 Stars. huang1huang風 Wind. hou6hŏu雨 Rain. hung5hûng雲 Clouds. kêng6khĕng Rainbow. lui5lûi雷 lui5(7)gong1lûi-kong雷公 Thunder, lightning. huang1tai1huang-thai風颱 Typhoon. êng2éng Waves. lao5(7)zui2lâu-tsúi Tide. lao5(7)din6lâu-tĭnn Flood-tide. lao5(7)ko2lâu-khó Ebb-tide. --- + Pêng'im TL Characters English rig8 cug4 a1bhuê7?zîk tshuk a-būe?日 出 阿未？ Has the sun risen? bhuê7būe未 Not yet. ghuêh8 bho5(7) rig8 hiêh3(2)gng1gûeh bô zîk hìe-kng月 無 日 ～光 The moon is not so bright as the sun. ghuêh8 do6(7) pu5gûeh tŏ phû月 在 浮 The moon is rising. kuan1kuan1 guin5khuann-khuann kûinn It is getting higher and higher by degrees. cên1 iab8(4)iab8(4)sih4tshenn iâp-iâp-sih The stars are twinkling. huang1dua7huang-tūa風大 The wind is blowing hard. he2(6)zang5(7) dua7ciu7 koih4 huang1 cuê1 do2-ke3húr-tsâng tūa-tshīu khoih huang tshue tó-khùr許叢 大樹 乞 風 吹 倒去 That large tree has been blown down by the wind. hou6 ain3(2) lai5hŏu àinn lâi雨 愛 來 The rain is coming. lui5(7)gong1 dang2lûi-kong táng The thunder roars. lui5(7)gong1 nih4(8)mag8, liou2 zian3(2)dang2lûi-kong nih-mâk, líou tsìann-táng The lightning flashes first, then the thunder roars. hou6 dian7diêh8 si6(7) dua7hŏu tīan-tîeh sĭ tūa雨 定着 是 大 The rain is sure to be a heavy one. dng5(7)nang5 gang2(6)giu3(2) lui5(7)gong1 m6(7)dui3tn̂g-nâng káng-kìu lûi-kong m̆-tùi唐人 講究 雷公 唔對 What the Chinese discuss about the lightning is not correct. dng5(7)nang5 zi3(2)gai5(7) se7 m7hiou2tn̂g-nâng tsì-kâi sūr m̆-híou唐人 只個 事 唔曉 The Chinese do not understand about this matter. eng1gog4(8)nang5 ziu6(7)hiou2eng-kok-nâng tsĭu-híou英國儂 就 曉 The English understand. kêng6 u6(7) gê1gê1 sêg4khĕng ŭ ke-ke sek The rainbow has many colours. u6(7) ang5, u6(7) bêh8, u6(7) nam5, u6(7) cên1, u6(7) ng5ŭ âng, ŭ pêh, ŭ nâm, ŭ tsenn, ŭ n̂g It has red, white, blue, green and yellow. huang5(7)liou2(6) u6hûang-líou ŭ It has some more. si6(7) ngia2(6)zai5sĭ ngía-tsâi It is very beautiful. nang2 so2(6)u6-gai5(7) sêg4 si6(7) cong5(7) kêng6-go3 lai5náng só-ŭ-kâi sek sĭ tshông khĕng-kò lâi The colours which we have, come from the rainbow. lao5(7)din6 a1si6(7) ko2?lâo-tĭnn a-sĭ khó Is it high tide or ebb tide? lao5(7) ko2lâu-khó It is ebb tide. hai2 u6(7) êng2 mê7?hái ŭ éng--mē? Are there any waves in the sea? u6, êng2 bhoi7 dua7ŭ, éng bōi tūa Yes, the waves are not big. huang1tai1 si6(7) hong1hiam2huang-tai sĭ hong-híam The typhoon is dangerous. Section 3 + Pêng'im TL Characters English bian1sng1piann-sng Ice. soh4soh Snow. mong5(7)ing1mông-ing Mist. lou7zui2lōu-tsúi Dew. pag8phâk Hail. gou1kou Mould. tin1si5thinn-sî天時 Weather. si3(2)kui3sì-khùi四季 The four seasons. cung1tshung春 Spring. hê7hē夏 Summer. ciu1tshiu秋 Autumn. dang1tang冬 Winter. --- + Pêng'im TL Characters English bian1sng1 si6(7) ngang5(7)zai7?piann-sng sĭ ngâng-tsāi? Ice is very cold? soh4 gan2(6)si(7) ru2(6)ngang5soh kánn-sĭ zú-ngâng Snow is perhaps colder. nang2 ziê2 hang2(6)diĝ4 u6(7) soh4náng tsíe háng-tik ŭ soh We seldom have snow at our place here. rig8 zêg8(4)ê7 cug4(8) mong5(7)ing1 ziu6(7)suan3zîk tsêk-ē tshuk mông-ing tsĭu-sùan When the sun rises the mist disperses. ciu7 bho5(7) lou7zui2 bhoi6(7) uah8tshīu bô lōu-tsúi bŏi uâh The trees will not grow without dew. hoh4(8)gu2 nang2-ciê2 m7bag4(8) u6(7) loh8(4)pag8hoh-kú náng-tshíe m̆-pak ŭ lôh-phâk For a long time we have not had hail here. dang1tin1 kiou1gian2(6)nang5 si6(7) ci1cam2tang-thinn khiou-kiánn-nâng sĭ tshi-tshám In Winter the poor are miserable. bu3(2)-gai5(7)nang5 li1 cêng7 siê1pù-kâi-nâng li tshēng sie But the rich are warmly clad. dang1tin1 cing3(2)zai7tang-thinn tshìng-tsāi In Winter it is very cold. hê7tin1 ziu6(7)ruah8hē-thinn tsĭu-zûah But in Summer it is hot. zêg8(4)nin5 u6(7) si3(2)kui3tsêk-nî ŭ sì-khùi There are four seasons in a year. do6(7) zou2(6)gê1 hê7tin1 bho5(7) ziê2 hiên3(2)ruah8tŏ tsóu-ke hē-thinn bô tsíe hìenn-zûah In England the Summer is not so hot as here. dang1tin1 ru2(6)cing3(2) ziê2tang-thinn zú-tshìng tsíe In Winter it is colder than here. do6(7) zou2(6)gê1 zêg8(4)nin5 cung1tin1 si6(7) siang7ho2tŏ tsóu-ke tsêk-nî tshung-thinn sĭ sīang-hó In England Spring is the best of the year. cung1tin1 gao3(2)lai5, cao2 long2(6)zong2 huag4tshung-thinn kàu-lâi, tsháu lóng-tsóng huak When Spring comes, all the grass grow. Section 4 + Pêng'im TL Characters English mêng5(7)ki2mêng-khí Morning. rig8(4)tao5zîk-thâu Noon. mên5(7)hng1mênn-hng Evening. ziên7gua3tsīenn-kùa Forenoon. ê6(7)gua3ĕ-kùa Afternoon. mên5(7)hng1gian2mênn-hng-kíann To-night (early.) gê1mên5ke-mênn To-night (rather late.) rig8zîk Sun or day. ghuêh8gûeh Moon or month. rig8-gua3zîk-kùa In the day. mên5-gua3mênn-kùa In the night. rig8 uan3zîk-ùann Late in the day. rig8 am3zîk-àm Late in the night. buan3(2)mên5pùann-mênn Midnight san1gê1buan3(2)mên5sann-ke-pùann-mênn Third watch or midnight, (meaning a very late hour at night.) --- + Pêng'im TL Characters English mêng5(7)ki2 u6(7) nang5(7) lai5 a1bho5?mêng-khí ŭ nâng lâi a-bô? Did any body come this morning? le2 zai1 a1 m7zai1?lúr tsai a-m̆-tsai? Do you know or not? ua2 m7zai1úa m̆-tsai I don't know. rig8(4)dao3 ua2 m7do6(7) ziê2 ziah8zîk-tàu úa m̆-tŏ tsíe tsîah I am not going to take dinner here at noon. ua2 rig8(4)dao3 ain3(2)ke3(2) koih4 nang5(7)cian2úa zîk-tàu àinn-khùr khoih nâng tshíann I am invited out for noon. le2 diang1si5(7) zian3(2)ain3(2) dng2-lai5?lúr tiang-sî tsìann àinn tńg-lâi? When will you come back? mên5(7)hng1 ziah2(6) dng2-lai5mênn-hng tsíah tńg-lâi I shall not be back until to-night. ba1lag4 ê6(7)gua3 ia7 m7zai1pa-lak ĕ-kùa iā m̆-tsai Perhaps in the afternoon, but I don't know. gê1mên5 i1 m7do6ke-mênn i m̆-tŏ He shall not be at home to-night. mên5(7)hng1-gian2 i1 ain3(2)lai5(7) ua2-go3mênn-hng-kíann i àinn-lâi úa-kò He is coming to my place to-night. ua2 cian2 i1úa tshíann i I have invited him. i1 zoh4(8) u6(7) riêh8(4)zoi7 rig8(4) gang1?i tsoh ŭ ziêh-tsōi zîk kang? How many days' work has he done? i1 zoh4(8) u6(7) zêg8(4)gai5(7) ghuêh8i tsoh ŭ tsêk-kâi guêh He has worked one month. i1 rig8-gua3(2) zoh4, mên5-gua3 ia7 zoh4i zîk-kùa tsoh, mên-kùa īa tsoh He worked in the day, and he also worked in the night. i1 gai5(7) kang1kuê3 si6(7) dang3-zai7i kâi khang-khùe sí tàng-tsāi His work is very heavy. rig8(4) bhuê7-am3zîk būe àm It is not yet dark. le2 ug8(4)gao3(2) rig4(8) hiên3(2)uan3 zian3(2) zao2(6)ki2lúr ûk-kàu zik hìenn-ùann tsìann tsáu-khí You have slept far into the day, before you got up. ê6(7)rig4(8) le2 m7mon2(6) ug8(4)gao3(2) hiên3(2)uan3ĕ-zik lúr m̆-mó ûk-kàu hìenn-ùann For the future, you must not sleep so late into the day. rig8am3 diêh8(4) ke3(2)ug8zîk-àm tîeh khùr-ûk When it is late at night, you must go to bed. main3(2)gao3(2) buan3(2)mên5 zian3(2) ke3(2)ug8màinn kàu pùann-mênn tsìann khùr-ûk Don't let it be midnight before you go to bed. san1gên1buan3(2)mên5 main3(2) ke3(2)kao2sann-kenn-pùann-mênn màinn khùr-kháu Don't go out at such a late hour at night. Section 5 + Pêng'im TL Characters English za2tsá早 Early. za2(6)za2tsá-tsá早早 Very early. tin1gng1thinn-kng天光 Day-break, dawn. gian2(6)rig8kíann-zîk To-day. man(2)ki2mánn-khí To-morrow. ao6(7)rig8ău-zîk後日 Day after to-morrow. dua7-ao6(7)rig8dūa-ău-zîk大後日 A day later than above. za1rig8tsa-zîk昨日 Yesterday. za1mên5tsa-mênn昨暝 Last night. rig8(4)rig8zîk-zîk日日 bai5(7)rig8pâi-zîk排日 Every day. mên5(7)nin5mênn-nî Next year. ni5(7)nin5nî-nî年年 bai5(7)nin5pâi-nî排年 Yearly. zong1gu2tsong-kú Always. zua7zua7tsūa-tsūa ê7ê7ĕ-ĕ下下 Every occasion. --- + Pêng'im TL Characters English man3(2)-mêng5(7)ki2 le2 diêh8(4) za2(6)za2 zao2(6)ki2mànn-mêng-khí lúr tîeh tsá-tsá tsáu-khí To-morrow morning, you must get up very early. le2 m7mon2(6) ug8(4)gao3(2) rig8-uan3 zian3(2) zao2(6)ki2lúr m̆-mó ûk-kàu zîk-ùann tsìann tsáu-khí You must not sleep until late in the day before you get up. diêh8(4) za2(6)zê7tîeh tsá-tsē You must be early. dan1, le2 diêh8(4) ig4(8)dig4tann, lúr tîeh ik-tik Now, you must remember. m7mon2(6) m7 ig4(8)dig4m̆-mó m̆ ik-dik Don't forget. ho2, ua2 tin1gng1 ziu7 ain3(2) zao2(6)ki2hó, úa thinn-gng tsīu àinn tsáu-khí Very well. As soon as day-break I will get up. gian2(6)rig8 ua2 m7oin1kiann-zîk úa m̆-oinn I am busy to-day. man3(2)ki2 zian3(2)lai5mànn-khí tsìann-lâi Come to-morrow. man3(2)ki2 ruang7 diang1si5mànn-khí zūang tiang-sî Any time to-morrow. ho2-lo7, le2 ho2(6)ke3hó-lō, lúr hó-khùr That will do, you may go. ua2 gian2(6)rig8 tang3(2)rig8 do6(7) lai5úa kíann-zîk thàng-zîk tŏ lâi I am at home all to-day. man3(2)ki2 ua2 m7do6mànn-khí úa m̆-tŏ I shall not be at home tomorrow. le ming2(6)êng7 lai5lúr míng-ēng lâi You need not come. ao6(7)rig8 ua2 ziu6(7) dng2-lai5ău-zîk úa tsĭu tńg-lâi I shall be back the day after to-morrow. ua2 zua7zua7 lai5(7)gao3(2) cuê7 le2 m7do6úa tsūa-tsūa lâi-kàu tshūe lúr m̆-tŏ On every occasion of my coming, I could not find you. ua2 za1rig8 lai5, za1mên5 ia7 lai5úa tsa-zîk lâi, tsa-mênn īa lâi I came yesterday, and last night as well. i1 zong1gu2(6) si6(7) ziên3(2)sên1i tsong-kú sĭ tsìenn-senn He is always like this. i1 si6(7) duan6, zo3(2)se7 cing3(2)cai2(6) zo3i sĭ tŭan, tsò-sē tshìng-tshái tsò He is idle, and does things carelessly. le2 ê6(7)rig8 m7mon2(6) ziên3(2)sên1lúr ĕ-zîk m̆-mó tsìenn-senn You must not be like this for the future. le2 diêh8(4) ziên3(2)sên1 muêh8lúr tîeh tsìenn-senn mûeh You must do it like this. diêh8(4) gi3(2)dig4, rig8(4)rig8 diêh8(4) ziên3(2)sên1tîeh kì-tik, zîk-zîk tîeh tsìenn-senn You must remember, and every day do like this. ua2 nin5(7)nin5 diêh8(4) dng2-ke3úa nî-nî tîeh tńg-khùr I must go home every year. ua2 mên5(7)nin5 ain3(2) dng2-ke3úa mênn-nî àinn tńg-khùr I shall go home next year. zêg8(4)nin5 nan7si6(7) bho5(7)dng2-ke3 ziu6(7) m7zo3(2)dig4tsêk-nî nā-sĭ bô-tńg-khùr tsĭu m̆-tsò-tik It will not do, unless I go home once a year.