Louisiana French/Numbers and Time

Numbers Vocabulary Beware! Tonight rougarou le Rougarou prowls.... To keep safe, collect a set of treize objects—sticks, rocks, anything you can find—and put them at the front door. This will keep the Rougarou at bay, for he is a simple beast, and he has yet to learn to count past douze!|thumb|right # Frenchspelling Louisiana French spelling is not as standardized as it is in some other languages. Certain expressions may have variant spellings which are not listed here for the sake of simplicity, and individual authors often tinker with established spelling norms to match their writing preferences. Pronunciation (International Phonetic Alphabet IPA)pronunciation These transcriptions do not represent all the variety of Louisiana French speech. Many variant pronunciations have been excluded here for the sake of simplicity. English Notes 0 zéro /zero/ zero 1 un /ɛ̃/ one /ɛ̃n/ before a vowel sound, une /ɛ̃n/ before a feminine noun 2 deux /dø/ two 3 trois /trwa/ three 4 quatre /kat(r)/ four 5 cinq /sɛ̃k/ five 6 six /sis/ six /sis/ alone, /si/ before a consonant sound, /siz/ before a vowel sound 7 sept /sɛt/ seven 8 huit /ɥit/ eight 9 neuf /nœf/ nine 10 dix /dis/ ten /dis/ alone, /di/ before a consonant sound, /diz/ before a vowel sound 11 onze /ɔ̃z/ eleven 12 douze /duz/ twelve related to English "dozen" (a group of twelve) 13 treize /trɛz/ thirteen 14 quatorze /katɔrz/ fourteen 15 quinze /kɛ̃z/ fifteen 16 seize /sɛz/ sixteen 17 dix-sept /disɛt/ seventeen literally: "ten-seven" 18 dix-huit /dizɥit/ eighteen 19 dix-neuf /diznœf/ nineteen 20 vingt /vɛ̃/ twenty 21 vingt-et-un /vɛ̃te.ɛ̃/(?) twenty-one 22 vingt-deux /vɛ̃dø/ twenty-two 30 trente /trɑ̃t/ thirty 31 trente-et-un /trɑ̃te.ɛ̃/(?) thirty-one 40 quarante /karɑ̃t/ forty related to English "quarantine" (a period of 40 days) 50 cinquante /sɛ̃kɑ̃t/ fifty 60 soixante /swasɑ̃t/ sixty 70 soixante-dix /swasɑ̃tdis/ seventy literally: "sixty-ten" (60 + 10 = 70) 80 quatre-vingts /katrəvɛ̃/ eighty literally: "four twenties" (4 x 20 = 80); the following numbers drop the ⟨s⟩ in -vingts 81 quatre-vingt-et-un /katrəvɛ̃.e.ɛ̃/(?) eighty-one literally: "four-twenty-one" (4 x 20 + 1 = 81) 90 quatre-vingt-dix /katrəvɛ̃dis/ ninety literally: "four-twenty-ten" (4 x 20 + 10 = 90) 91 quatre-vingt-onze /katrəvɛ̃.ɔ̃z/(?) ninety-one literally: "four twenty-eleven" (4 x 20 + 11 = 91) 100 cent /sɑ̃/ (one) hundred /sɑ̃t/ or /sɑ̃z/ before a vowel sound; related to English "cent" (a hundredth of a currency) 200 deux cents /dø sɑ̃/ two hundred 1,000 mille /mil/ (one) thousand invariable; related to English "milli-" (thousand) and "mile" (originally, a thousand paces) 1,000,000 million /miljɔ̃/ million 1,000,000,000 billion biljɔ̃ billion As you can see, you will need to pay special attention to numbers 70 through 99, as they are not as straightforward as they are in English. Telling time Vocabulary Frenchspelling Pronunciation (International Phonetic Alphabet IPA)pronunciation English Notes asteur (à c’te heure) /astœr/ (right) now, nowadays à ("at") + cette ("this") + heure ("hour, time") à/de bonne heure /a-, də bɔ̃n œr/ early à ("at")/de ("of") + bonne ("good" (f.)) heure ("time") plus de bonne heure /ply d(ə) bɔ̃n œr/ earlier tard /tar/ late related to English "tardy" (late) plus tard /ply tar/ later bientôt /bɛ̃to/ soon bien ("very") + tôt ("early") tantôt /tɑ̃to/ soon tant ("so") + tôt ("early") talheure (t'à l'heure) /talœr/ a short while ago, soon tôt ou tard /to u tar/ sooner or later tôt ("soon") + ou ("or") + tard ("late") le matin /matɛ̃/ in the morning la matinée /matine/ morning à midi /ɑ̃ midi/ at noon le midi /midi/ noon from Old French mi ("middle") + di ("day") l'après-midi /aprɛ̃midi/ (in the) afternoon après ("after") + midi ("noon") le soir /swar/ (in the) evening la soirée /sware/ evening à soir /a swar/ this evening, tonight aujourd'hui /oʒɔrdɥɪ/ today au ("to the") + jour ("day") + de ("of") + hui ("today") ce matin /sə matɛ̃/ this morning cet après-midi /sɛt aprɛ̃midi/ this afternoon ce soir /sə swar/ this evening hier /(i)jær/ yesterday avant-(z-)hier /avɑ̃(z)jær/ the day before yesterday avant ("before") + hier ("yesterday") demain /dəmɛ̃/ tomorrow après demain /apredəmɛ̃/ the day after tomorrow après ("after") + demain ("tomorrow") demain matin /dəmɛ̃ matɛ̃/ tomorrow morning demain après-midi /dəmɛ̃ aprɛ̃midi/ tomorrow afternoon le jour /ʒur/ day related to English "journal" (daily record) la nuit /nɥi/ night une seconde /səgɔ̃d/ a second une minute /minyt/ a minute une heure /œr/ an hour un jour /ʒur/ a day une semaine /s(ə)mɛ̃n/ a week from Latin septimāna (loosely translated: "of seven (days)") un mois /mwa/ a month un an /ɑ̃/ a year used when counting, related to English "annual" (yearly) une année /ɑ̃ne/ a year une décade /dekad/ a decade un élan /elɑ̃/ a while la fin de semaine /fɛ̃ d(ə) s(ə)mɛ̃n/ the weekend fin ("end") + de ("of") + semaine ("week") un jour de semaine /ʒur d(ə) s(ə)mɛ̃n/ a weekday Days of the week thumb|right|Des mardi gras à le Courir de Mardi Gras Courir de Mardi gras à Mamou, Louisiana Mamou — Mardi Gras runners at the Courir de Mardi Gras in Mamou thumb|right|Une flotte de Mardi Gras Mardi gras en New Orleans Ville — A Mardi Gras float in New Orleans {| class="wikitable" style="background:#f7f7ff;; border: solid 1px;" border="1" |- | style="width:400px; text-align:center;" colspan="3" | Les jours de la semaine / The days of the week|- | style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | Frenchspelling || style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | Pronunciation (International Phonetic Alphabet IPA)pronunciation || style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | English |- | dimanche || /dimɑ̃ʃ/ || Sunday |- | lundi || /lœ̃di/ || Monday |- | mardi || /mardi/ || Tuesday |- | mercredi || /mærkrədi/ || Wednesday |- | jeudi || /ʒødi/ || Thursday |- | vendredi || /vɑ̃drədi/ || Friday |- | samedi || /sɑ̃mdi/ || Saturday |}The days of the week in French are masculine and are not usually capitalized.Some expressions involving the days of the week mirror expressions in English: Expressions French English toute la journée mardi all day Tuesday tous les dimanches every Sunday Some expressions are less similar to their English counterparts: Expressions, cont. French English lundi passé last Monday (lit.: past Monday) mardi en huit next Tuesday (lit.: Tuesday in eight (days)) vendredi en quinze two weeks from Friday (lit.: Friday in fifteen (days)) de bonne heure samedi matin early Saturday morning (lit.: of good hour Saturday morning)When we want to express that an event occurs regularly or has occurred on a certain day, we say le before the given day. Examples French English Le lundi, j'aime aller à la pêche. On Mondays, I like to go fishing. Pas de danses le dimanche! No dances on Sundays! Le mardi, j'ai vendu mon char. On Tuesday, I sold my car. Months of the year Les mois / Months Frenchspelling Pronunciation (International Phonetic Alphabet IPA)pronunciation English janvier /ʒɑ̃vje/ January février /fevrije/ February mars /mars/ March avril /avri/ April mai /me/ May juin /ʒwɛ̃/ June juliette (juillet) /ʒyljɛt/ July août /au/ August septembre sɛptɑ̃b(r) September octobre /ɔktɔb(r) October novembre /novɑ̃b(r)/ November décembre /desɑ̃b(r)/ DecemberLike the days of the week, the months of the year in French are masculine and are not usually capitalized.To say "in January, in February...", we say "en janvier, en fevrier...." Seasons {| class="wikitable" style="background:#f7f7ff;; border: solid 1px;" border="1" |- | style="width:400px; text-align:center;" colspan="4" | Les saisons / Seasons|- | style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | Frenchspelling || style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | Pronunciation (International Phonetic Alphabet IPA)pronunciation || style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | English || style="width:200px; text-align:center;" | Notes |- | le printemps || /prɛ̃tɑ̃/ || spring || from Old French prime tans (“first time, first season”) |- | l'été || /ete/ || summer |- | l'automne || /otɔ̃n/ || autumn/fall |- | l'hiver || /ivær/ || winter |} To continue the pattern, the seasons in French are also all masculine and are not usually capitalized.Like the months, to say "in the summer, in the fall, in the winter" we say "en été, en automne, en hiver". But to say "in the spring", we say "au printemps", not "en printemps". Examples French English Au printemps, ma mère passe son temps dans le jardin. In the spring, my mother spends her time in the garden. L'équipe pratique boucoup en été. The team practices a lot in the summer. Nous-autres, on aime voyager en hiver. Us, we like to travel in the winter. En automne, les enfants commence l'école. In the fall, the children start school. Notes mini