A-level Mathematics/C3/Combining Transformations of Graphs

A-level Mathematics/MEI/C3 It seems like this page is out of place and should be moved to a different part. Translation of curves Many curves are translations of the basic curve of the same degree. For example is a translation of by 1 unit up on the axis, , and one unit to the left on the axis, , so the full translation is . It is useful to remember the translations of curves, so that you can easily sketch graphs from the basic shape. Vertical translation The constant term moves the entire graph vertically by that much. For example, will move the graph upwards by 3 units, and will move the graph down by 3 units. Horizontal translation When a number is subtracted from before it is squared, the entire graph will move in the opposite direction by the same amount. For example, will move the graph to the right by 3 units, and will move the graph to the left by 3 units. It may be confusing that the graph moves in opposite directions, but with the translations, has to be smaller or larger to give the same result that it used to, so positive numbers move it in the negative direction, and vice versa. You can imagine that the numbers on the axis are changed by the amount of the translation, so in , the origin is now . General translations In general, is a translation of by .