Elementary Spanish/Tradition:Unit1

Goals Introduce language used at holidays and gatherings Begin Present Tense Advance production for simple present tense phrases. Articles and Nouns Articles in Spanish are classified in two sets of categories. These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence. + Article Description Feminine: +SingularLa : The Una: A PluralLas: The Unas A Examples: La amiga. ---> Las amigas. Una casa. ---> Unas casas. Article Description Masculine: +SingularEl : The Un: A PluralLos The Unos A Examples: Un amigo. --> Unos amigos. El hogar --> Los hogares Nouns: Family Traditions + General Vocabulary Español Ingléscomidafoodfamiliafamilyamigofriendcenadinnercasahouseapartamentoapartmenthogarhomerestauranterestaurantfiestaparty+ Holiday Types Español InglésNavidadChristmasKwanzaaKwanzaaHanukkahHanukkahDía de los MuertosDay of the DeadSolsticio de InviernoWinter SolsticeDiwali (Festival de las luces)Diwali (Festival of lights)PascuaEasterAño NuevoNew YearsDía de IndependenciaIndependence Day Student Activity Check Point 1 Subject Pronouns Classes of gender and number also exist within subject pronouns. These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence. In Spanish, it is common for subject pronouns to be omitted, as they are incorporated as part of a verb conjugation. We will begin verb conjugations next. Nouns Check Point Activity: Subject Pronouns Persona Person Español Inglés +YoITúYouÉlHeEllaSheNosotrosWeEllosTheyEllas They (females) Infinitive Verbs: Family Tradition There are three broad categories of verb-types in Spanish: Verbs that end in ... -AR* -ER* -IR* Infinitive Verb List + Regular Verbs Español Inglésprepararto prepareinvitarto invitecocinarto cookviajarto travelcelebrarto celebratedecorarto decoratedebershouldcomerto eatvivirto liveescribirto writeleerto read Irregular Verbs Español Inglés +irto govenirto cometenerto havesalirto go out / to leavequererto wantserto be (permanent)estarto be (temporary) Conjugated Verbs:Present Tense In Spanish, verbs are conjugated depending on the subject they are associated with, as well as the tense. For now, we will focus on Present Simple Tense Each subject pronoun is associated with a particular verb-ending type. Subject - Verb Ending Conjugations Persona Verb ends in: Español Inglés +Yo : I-oTú : You-as / -esÉl : He-a / -eElla: She-a / -eNosotros: We -amos / -emosEllos / Ellas: They-an / -en</center> The general formula for creating verb conjugations is to replace the infinitive verb ending (-ar/-er/-ir) with the appropriate ending of the subject. Although there are three verb-ending categories, -er and -ir verbs tend to share most of the conjugation endings. Regular Verbs: Present Tense -Ar Verbs Table -AR Verbs Subject Pronoun Verb Ending Infinitive Verb Conjugated Verb Example - Spanish Example - TranslationYo -o celebrarcelebro Yo celebro a la fiesta. I celebrate at the party.Tú -as invitarinvitasTú invitas a tú amigo.You invite your friend.Él -a prepararpreparaÉl prepara la comida.He prepares the food.Ella -a cocinarcocinaElla cocina la cena.She cooks the dinner. Nosotros -amos viajar viajamos Viajamos a Florida cada Navidad. We travel to Florida every Christmas.Ellos / Ellas -an decorar decoran Ellos no decoran el árbol. They don't decorate the tree. ER/IR Verbs Table -ER / -IR Verbs Subject Pronoun Verb Ending Infinitive Verb Conjugated Verb Example - Spanish Example - TranslationYo -o comer como Yo como la cena. I eat the dinner. Tú -es escribir escribes Tú escribes una carta. You write a card.Él -e leerleeÉl lee la carta.He reads the card.Ella -e vivirviveElla vive en Nueva York.She lives in New York.Nosotros -imos / -emos comercomemos Comemos juntos a la fiesta del Día de Independenia. We eat together at the Independence Day party.Nosotros -imos / -emos vivir vivimos Nostoros vivimos en Mexico. We live in Mexico.Ellos -endeber deben Ellos deben cocinar. They should cook.