Flora of New York/Caryophyllales 1

Caryophyllales 1: Droseraceae, Plumbaginaceae, Polygonaceae Santalales Santalales: Santalaceae Caryophyllales 2 Caryophyllales 2: Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllales introduction The order CaryophyllalesWalker, J. F., Yang, Y., Feng, T., Timoneda, A., Mikenas, J., Hutchison, V., Edwards, C., et al. 2018. From cacti to carnivores: Improved phylotranscriptomic sampling and hierarchical homology inference provide further insight into the evolution of Caryophyllales. American Journal of Botany 105( 3): 446– 462. Family Droseraceae The Droseraceae (sundew family) ...Droseraceae Drosera Drosera intermedia0.jpg Drosera intermediaspatulate-leaved sundew Caryophyllales Droseraceae Drosera Drosera Sundew 120 4 Drosera intermedia Hayne 1753 Drosera longifolia L. p.p. 1801 Drosera intermedia Hayne 1809 Drosera americana Willd. 1824 Drosera intermedia americana (Willd.) DC. 1915 Rorella intermedia Nieuwl. Spoon-leaved sundew Spoonleaf sundew Oblong-leaf sundew Spatulate-leaved sundew Droséra intermédiaire Rossolis intermédiaire Rossolis à feuille longue Native Likely secure OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1241 4 Apparently secure in New York State. DRIN3 NN Eastern North America 5363 Drosera/intermedia 423387 11400003 84157-2 nymap.svg Mittlerer Sonnentau nach Blüte.jpg Drosera rotundifolia L. rotundifolia Round-leaved sundew Roundleaf sundew Native Likely secure OBL Perennial Herb-forb 6379 4 DRROR NN Drosera/rotundifolia nymap.svg Drosera rotundifolia Forez France.jpg Drosera rotundifolia L. comosa Round-leaved sundew Native Unranked OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1242 U Not yet ranked DRROC NN Northeastern North America Drosera/rotundifolia nymap.svg Drosera rotundifolia 001.JPG Drosera filiformis Raf. Thread-leaved sundew Native Vulnerable OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1240 3 DRFI NN North American east coast Drosera/filiformis nymap.svg Drosera filiformis inflorescence Darwiniana.jpg Aldrovanda Aldrovanda vesiculosa kz05.jpg Aldrovanda vesiculosa Although the waterwheel plant is listed as endangered globally it is considered potentially invasive in the Northeast, where this carnivorous aquatic plant has been introduced into private ponds by hobbyists and probably transported into the wild on the feet of birds.Marion Renault (2019). "A Waterwheel in Crisis: This Carnivorous Plant Invaded New York. That May Be Its Only Hope." The New York Times. Aug. 13, 2019, Section D, Page 1. Caryophyllales Droseraceae Aldrovanda Aldrovanda waterwheel plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. 1753 Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. 1753 Aldrovanda verticillata Roxb. 1753 Drosera aldrovanda F.Muell. 1819 Ruelingia polyphylla Haw. 1826 Anacampseros polyphylla (Haw.) Sweet 1876 Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. verticillata (Roxb.) Darwin 1902 Aldrovanda generalis E.H.L.Krause Waterwheel plant 2021 New York Flora Atlas Waterwheel Adamec, L. 2018. Biological flora of Central Europe: Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. Perspect. Pl. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 35:8-21 Introduced Potentially invasive Naturalized 1454 77104 X SNA 2.935212/Aldrovanda_vesiculosa Exotic GNR 7249 Xn ALVE3 X0 New Jersey only 3190715 123278-Aldrovanda-vesiculosa nymap.svg Orange (2013) no observations AldrovandaVesiculosaHabit.jpg Family Tamaricaceae Some sources still list the Tamaricaceae (tamarisk family) as part of the Violales.Tamaricaceae Tamarix Tamarix parviflora kz04.jpg Tamarix parviflora Several tamarisk or saltcedar (Tamarix) species are considered invasive in North America, and they can be difficult to distinguish from one another.Smallflower tamarisk (Tamarix parviflora). Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States. The New York Flora Atlas lists Tamarix parviflora as naturalized in Suffolk County. iNaturalist shows a 2020 observation of Tamarix parviflora on Shelter Island, but it had only been confirmed to genus level as of 2022.iNaturalist May 28, 2020 observation of Tamarix parviflora on Shelter Island, Suffolk County, NY Caryophyllales Tamaricaceae Tamarix Tamarix Tamarisk 1212 1 Tamarix parviflora DC. Augustin Pyramus de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 3:97. 1828. 1828 Tamarix parviflora DC. 1827 Tamarix laxa Willd. subspicata Ehrenb. 1852 Tamarix cretica Bunge 1907 Tamarix rubella Batt. 1928 Tamarix lucronensis Sennen & Hermano Elias Small-flowered tamarisk NYFA Smallflower tamarisk USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team Saltcedar Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States (invasiveplantatlas.org) Introduced southeast Europe western Asia northern Africa Naturalized 7534 U TAPA4 X0 Tamarix/parviflora 103148 31100007 828188-1 Tamarix%20parviflora nymap.svg Tamarix parviflora 5480547.jpg Suffolk (2012) Suffolk (2020) Family Plumbaginaceae The Plumbaginaceae (leadwort or Plumbago family) Subfamily Limonioideae Tribe Limonieae Limonium Limonium-nashii-2.jpg Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Brittonsea-lavender The genus Limonium is generally known as sea lavender or statice. But it's not related to lavender (Lavandula), which is in the Lamiaceae (mint family). Limonium carolinianum is reported as secure in salt marshes along the New York Atlantic Coast. According to the Flora of North America, although Limonium leptostachyum was reported from New York by R. S. Mitchell and G. C. Tucker (1997), it's doubtful that it could naturalize New York.Alan R. Smith (2005). "Limonium" in Flora of North America, Volume 5. Caryophyllales Plumbaginaceae Limonioideae Limonieae Limonium Limonium Sea lavender 945 2 Limonium carolinianum (Walter) Britton Sea-lavender NYFA: 2017 American thrift Lavender thrift Seaside thrift Canker root Ink root Marsh root Native Secure 7 OBL Perennial Herb-forb S5, G5 2103 5 LICA17 NN Bronx, Kings, Nassau, New York, Queens, Richmond, Suffolk, Westchester Carolina Sealavender (980635533).jpg Limonium leptostachyum (Boiss.) Kuntze Statice leptostachya Boiss. Limonium leptostachyum (Boiss.) Kuntze Statice Introduced central Asia Impersistent Not naturalized X Perennial Herb-forb SNA 6364 X LILE8 X0 Westchester (1898) Armeria Armeria maritima - Moelen 4.jpg Armeria maritima Armeria maritima is native to coastal regions throughout the northern hemisphere but has not been known to naturalize in New York. Its North American distribution is primarily along the west coast, but there is a fairly significant population near Lehigh Gap, Palmerton, Pennsylvania, where it was used for remediation in test plots downwind from zinc smelters that severely damaged the forest on top of Blue Mountain. Caryophyllales Plumbaginaceae Limonioideae Limonieae Armeria Armeria Thrift 1224 X (excluded taxa) Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. sibirica (Turcz.) Nyman 1844 Armeria labradorica Wallr. 1848 Armeria sibirica Turcz. ex Boiss. 1881 Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. sibirica (Turcz.) Nyman 1948 Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. labradorica (Wallr.) Hultén 1993 Armeria labradorica Wallr. sibirica (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Kamelin Siberian sea thrift N. America native Excluded X 362 EXCLUDED ARMAS NN Armeria maritima (Mill.) Willd. subsp. sibirica (Turcz. ex Boiss.) Nyman - Siberian sea thrift Excluded nymap.svg Armeria maritima baie-authie 80 29042007 3.jpg Subfamily Staticoideae Tribe Staticeae Psylliostachys Limonium suworowii 2021-05-31 7256.jpg Limonium suworowii Caryophyllales Plumbaginaceae Staticoideae Staticeae Psylliostachys Psylliostachys Statice 1182 1 Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova 1880 Statice suworowii Regel 1891 Limonium suworowii (Regel) Kuntze 1916 Limonium superbum (Regel) F.T.Hubb. ex L.H.Bailey 1952 Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova Russian-statice NYFA: 2017 Rat tail statice UCONN: 2016 Introduced Eurasia Not naturalized 7481 Xm Psylliostachys suworowii (Regel) Roshkova - Russian-statice 687122-1 829103-Psylliostachys-suworowii nymap.svg Tompkins (1926) no counties Limonium suworowii 2021-06-16 8955.jpg Family Polygonaceae The Polygonaceae (buckwheat family) Subfamily Polygonoideae The order in which Polygonoideae tribes are shown here has been modified somewhat from Reveal's system, based on phylogenic data shown in Schuster et al. (2013) "Age Estimates for the Buckwheat Family Polygonaceae Based on Sequence Data Calibrated by Fossils and with a Focus on the Amphi-Pacific Muehlenbeckia. Tribe Persicarieae Persicaria Persicaria (smartweed).Kim & Donoghue (2008). Molecular phylogeny of Persicaria (Persicarieae, Polygonaceae). Systematic Botany 33(1): pp. 77–86 Persicaria sect. Persicaria Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Persicarieae Persicaria Persicaria Persicaria Persicaria Smartweed 1100 19 Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre 1753 Polygonum lapathifolium L. 1794 Polygonum scabrum Moench 1800 Persicaria lapathifolia (L.) Delarbre 1966 Persicaria scabra (Moench) Moldenke Dock-leaved smartweed Pale smartweed Willow-leaved smartweed Curlytop knotweed Curlytop smartweed Pink knotweed Willow-weed Renouée à feuilles de patience Native Unranked Circumboreal 1 FACW Annual Herb-forb 2467 U POLA4 NX as Polygonum lapathifolium L. 8147 persicaria/lapathifolia 409765 242100098 100349015 Persicaria lapathifolia nymap.svg 20130708Persicaria lapathifolia3.jpg Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez 1753. Polygonum pensylvanicum L. in in Sp. Pl.:362 1837. Dioctis pensylvanica (L.) Raf. in Fl. Tellur. 3:15 1896. Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez in Anales Inst. Segunda Enseñ. 1917. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. laevigatum Fernald in Rhodora 19:73 1917. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. nesophilum Fernald in Rhodora 19:73 1925. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. durum Stanford in Rhodora 27:178 1942. Polygonum pensylvanicum var. eglandulosum Myers in Castanea 7:74 Pennsylvania smartweed Renouée de Pennsylvanie Native Secure 2 OBL FACW Annual Herb-forb 2438 5 Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M. Gómez - Pennsylvania smartweed - Gravel and sand bars of streams, floodplain thickets, ditches, and wet disturbed sites. present in NY present in New York State POPE2 NN as Polygonum pensylvanicum L. - Pennsylvania smartweed 8153 persicaria/pensylvanica 518745 409773 250037745 26000054 Persicaria%20pensylvanica Persicaria pensylvanica nymap.svg Pinkweed (Polygonum pensylvanicum) (21143913879).jpg Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small 1817. Polygonum punctatum Elliott in Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1:455 1817. Polygonum acre Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt, A.J.A.Bonpland & C.S.Kunth, nom. illeg. 1903. Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small in Fl. S.E. U.S.:379 1959. Persicaria punctata var. confertiflora (Meisn.) D.Löve & J.-P.Bernard Dotted smartweed Renouée ponctuée Native Secure 4 OBL Annual, perennial Herb-forb 6360 5 Brackish to fresh tidal and non-tidal marshes and swamps. Often in mucky saturated to slightly inundated soils. POPUP4 NN as Polygonum punctatum Elliott var. punctatum persicaria/punctata 518749 409774 242100107 nymap.svg Persicaria punctata NRCS-1.jpg Persicaria robustior (Small) E.P.Bicknell Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36: 455 (1909) 1856. Polygonum acre var. majus Meisn. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 14: 108 1894. Polygonum punctatum var. robustius Small in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 477 1903. Persicaria punctata var. robustior (Small) Small in Fl. S.E. U.S.:379 1909. Persicaria robustior (Small) E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36:455 1919. Polygonum acre var. robustius (Small) Farw. in in Rep. Michigan Acad. Sci. 20:174 1921. Polygonum robustius (Small) Fernald in Rhodora 23:147 1949. Polygonum punctatum var. majus (Meisn.) Fassett in Brittonia 6:373 Stout smartweed Native Unranked 7601 N 204379-Persicaria-robustior ~5 counties present in NY present in New York State nymap.svg Persicaria coccinea (Muhl. ex Willd.) Greene 1803 Polygonum amphibium emersum Michx. 1808 Polygonum inundatum Raf. 1809 Polygonum coccineum Muhl. ex Willd. 1879 Polygonum muehlenbergii S.Watson 1904 Polygonum amphibium coccineum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Farw. 1904 Persicaria coccinea (Muhl. ex Willd.) Greene 1906 Persicaria muhlenbergii (S.Watson) Small 1984 Persicaria amphibia emersa (Michx.) Hickman Scarlet smartweed Longroot smartweed Native Unranked 5 OBL Perennial Forb-herb 7458 N POAME 8139 Persicaria/coccinea 409764 242100087 26000048 190787-2 nymap.svg Polygonum coccineum NPS-1.jpg Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre laevimarginata (Hult.) Soják 1803 Polygonum amphibium natans Michx. later homonym 1822 Polygonum natans (Michx.) Eaton 1874 Polygonum amphibium stipulaceum N.Coleman 1944 Polygonum amphibium laevimarginatum Hultén 1952 Persicaria amphibia stipulacea (Coleman) Hara 1974 Persicaria amphibia laevimarginata (Hultén) Soják American water smartweed 2018 New York Flora Atlas Water smartweed Water knotweed Longroot smartweed Amphibious bistort Amphibious knotweed Renouée amphibie Native Secure 6 OBL Perennial Forb-herb 2466 5 Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre ssp. laevimarginata (Hult.) Soják - American water smartweed - Rooted, floating leaved aquatic in ponds, lake edges, and marshes; it also occurs as an emergent in shallow water at edges of lakes, ponds, and slow moving streams; and grows as a terrestrial herb in saturated soils (at least seasonally) of pond and lake edges as well as marshes. POAME NN Polygonum amphibium L. var. emersum Michx. 8141 persicaria/amphibia 823854 409764 242100087 100349008 nymap.svg Persicaria amphibia WFNY-047A.jpg Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small 1803 Po. hydropiperoides Michx. 1892 Po. opelousanum Riddell ex Small 1903 Pe. hydropiperoides Small 1903 Pe. opelousana Small Swamp smartweed False water-pepper Mild water-pepper Renouée faux-poivre-d'eau Native Secure 6 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 2471 5 Persicaria hydropiperoides (Michx.) Small - mild water-pepper - Marshes and edges of ponds, lakes, and streams in saturated to inundated soils. Often in natural habitats and sometimes forming large dense patches. POHY2 persicaria/hydropiperoides 518733 409772 250037826 nymap.svg Polygonum (or Persicaria) hydropiperoides (8671445031).jpg Persicaria careyi (Olney) Greene 1847 Po. careyi Olney 1904 Pe. careyi (Olney) Greene --- Carey's smartweed --- Renouée de Carey Native Endangered 5 FACW Annual Herb-forb 6354 1-2 POCA8 NN as Polygonum careyi Olney persicaria/careyi 518728 455733 250060697 nymap.svg Persicaria careyi BB-1913.png Persicaria setacea (Baldwin) Small 1817 Po. setaceum Baldwin 1903 Pe. setacea (Baldwin) Small --- Bog smartweed Swamp smartweed Bristly smartweed --- Native Endangered 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 2452 1-2 POSE6 N0 as Polygonum setaceum Baldw. persicaria/setacea 518753 250037837 26001794 nymap.svg Persicaria setacea NRCS-1.jpg Persicaria hydropiper (L.) Delarbre 1753 Polygonum hydropiper L. 1800 Pe. hydropiper Delarbre 1927 Po. hydropiper projectum Stanford 1943 Pe. hydropiper projecta Moldenke --- Marshpepper smartweed Water-pepper smartweed Redleaf --- Renouée poivre-d'eau Introduced Europe 2441 X POHY XX as Polygonum hydropiper L. persicaria/hydropiper 518732 400981 242100096 100349011 nymap.svg Persicaria hydropiper20140712 085.jpg Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach 1753 Polygonum orientale L. 1841 Persicaria orientalis Spach 1899 Polygonum spaethii Dammer --- Kiss-me-over-   the-garden-gate Prince's-feather Princess-feather --- Renouée orientale Introduced Asia Australia 2435 X POOR2 XX as Polygonum orientale L. persicaria/orientalis 518743 409766 242100104 26001791 nymap.svg Persicaria orientalis (21390060669).jpg Persicaria maculosa Gray 1753 Po. persicaria L. 1821 Pe. maculosa Gray 1903 Pe. persicaria Small taut. --- Spotted lady's-thumb Redshank, Heart's-ease Smartweed Jesusplant --- Renouée persicaire Pied rouge Introduced from Eurasia 6363 X POPE3 XX as Polygonum persicaria L. 8149 persicaria/maculosa 823821 409768 220010181 50002191 nymap.svg Persicaria maculosa 9329.jpg Persicaria extremiorientalis (Vorosch.) Tzvelev 1984 Po. extremiorientale Vorosch. 1987 Pe. extremiorientalis (Vorosch.) Tzvelev --- Far eastern smartweed --- Introduced Potentially invasive Daniel E. Atha, et. al. (2010) "Persicaria extremiorientalis (Polygonaceae) is established in the flora of the eastern United States of America." The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 137(4):333-338. 7233 X POEX2 X0 not listed 100381807 nymap.svg Persicaria extremiorientalis MU-V-000107130.png Persicaria longiseta (Bruijn) Kitag. 1854 Polygonum longisetum Bruijn 1930 Po. cespitosum longisetum Steward 1937 Pe. longiseta Kitag. 1941 Pe. longiseta Moldenke hom. 1987 Pe. caespitosa longiseta C.F.Reed --- Bristly lady's-thumb Creeping smartweed --- Introduced Moderately invasive 60%Persicaria longiseta Moderate 60 first 2456 X POCEL XX Polygonum cespitosum Blume var. longisetum (Bruijn) A.N. Steward persicaria/longiseta nymap.svg Knotweed (1017530454).jpg Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Polygonum minus Huds. Persicaria minor (Huds.) Opiz Small water pepper 2018 New York Flora Atlas Pygmy smartweed USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team Introduced Eurasia OBL 7610 Xn POMI21 XX nymap.svg Polygonum.minus.-.lindsey.jpg Persicaria Persicaria Smartweed 1100 X (excluded taxa) Persicaria chinensis Chinese knotweed CABI: 2015 Chinese smartweed Introduced Potentially invasive N.Y. excluded X 350 EXCLUDED POCH6 00 Hawaii only 118915 nymap.svg Persicaria chinensis -Chinese smartweed 01.JPG Persicaria posumbu (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross 1825 Polygonum posumbu Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don 1825 Po. cespitosum Blume 1913 Persicaria posumbu (Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don) H.Gross 1934 Pe. cespitosa (Blume) Nakai Tufted knotweed Introduced Excluded X 348 EXCLUDED (as posumbo nymap.svg Polygonum cespitosum, 2015-07-19, Beechview, 02.jpg Persicaria amphibia amphibia Persicaria amphibia Introduced Eurasia Excluded X EXCLUDED persicaria/amphibia 242100087 nymap.svg Polygonum amphibium (4971895379).jpg Persicaria amphibia Persicaria amphibia ssp. laevimarginata × coccinea Persicaria amphibia      ssp. laevimarginata Persicaria coccinea water smartweed scarlet smartweed Native Excluded X 829 nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Persicaria sect. Tovara Persicaria virginiana - Jumpseed 2.jpg Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaert.jumpseed Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Persicarieae Persicaria Tovara Persicaria Smartweed 1100 19 Tovara Persicaria virginiana (L.) Gaert. 1753 Polygonum virginianum L. 1790 Persicaria virginiana Gaertn. 1836 Tovara virginiana Raf. 1964 Antenoron virginianum Roberty & Vautier Jumpseed Virginia knotweed Renouée de Virginie Native Secure 6361 5 POVI2 NN as Polygonum virginianum L. persicaria/virginiana 518755 416898 250060702 26001572 nymap.svg Jumpseed (19482847469).jpg Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon Persicaria perfoliata 7.JPG Persicaria perfoliata, mile-a-minute weed Persicaria sect. Echinocaulon contains armed climbers known as tearthumbs. Two of these are New York natives, and one P. perfoliata (mile-a-minute weed) is a fairly recent introduction from Asia that is considered to be very highly-invasive in New York. Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Persicarieae Persicaria Echinocaulon Persicaria Tearthumbs 1100 19 Echinocaulon Persicaria sagittata (L.) H.Gross 1753 Polygonum sagittatum L. 1903 Tracaulon sagittatum Small 1919 Persicaria sagittata H.Gross 1974 Truellum sagittatum Soják --- Arrowleaf tearthumb Arrow-leaved tearthumb American tearthumb Arrow-vine Scratch-grass --- Renouée sagittée Native Secure 4 6353 5 POSA5 NN as Polygonum sagittatum L. persicaria/sagittata 823786 448734 242424265 50080889 nymap.svg Persicaria sagittata WFNY-048A.jpg Persicaria arifolia (L.) Haraldson 1753 Polygonum arifolium L. 1836 Tracaulon arifolium Raf. 1978 Persicaria arifolia Haraldson --- Halberdleaf tearthumb --- Halberd-leaved tearthumb Renouée à feuilles d'arum Native Secure 6 6352 5 POAR6 NN as Polygonum arifolium L. persicaria/arifolia 823782 250060695 50080893 nymap.svg Persicaria arifolia WFNY-048B.jpg Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross 1759 Polygonum perfoliatum L. 1913 Persicaria perfoliata (L.) H. Gross Mile-a-minute weed Asiatic tearthumb Climbing tearthumb Devil's-tail climbing tearthumb Giant climbing tearthumb --- Introduced Asia Very highly invasive Prohibited 91%Persicaria perfoliata Very high 91 first CP-2CP2 NE-1NE1 2447 X POPE10 X0 as Polygonum perfoliatum L. 409767 Persicaria perfoliata nymap.svg Persicaria perfoliata 080922.JPG Persicaria sect. Cephalophilon Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Persicarieae Persicaria Cephalophilon Persicaria Smartweed 1100 19 Cephalophilon Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) H.Gross 1825 Polygonum alatum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don 1826 Polygonum nepalense Meisn. 1886 Polygonum alatum nepalense 1913 Persicaria nepalensis H.Gross --- Nepal smartweed Nepal knotweed --- Renouée du Népal Introduced Asia Potentially invasive 47%Persicaria longiseta Unknown 47 first 2437 X Persicaria nepalensis (Meisn.) H. Gross - Nepalese smartweed - Roadsides, dirt roads through forests, logged forests, disturbed sites, and thickets in mesic to wet-mesic soils. Becoming very common in the Catskill region of New York and potentially a highly invasive plant. PONE9 XX as Polygonum nepalense Meisn. persicaria/nepalensis 823779 452883 242100103 26001198 nymap.svg Persicaria nepalensis - Nepal Knotweed on way from Gangria to Govindghat at Valley of Flowers National Park - during LGFC - VOF 2019 (5).jpg Persicaria sect. Rubrivena Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Persicarieae Persicaria Rubrivena Persicaria Rubrivena Smartweed 1100 19 (excluded taxa) Persicaria wallichii Greuter & Burdet 1832 Polygonum polystachyum Wall. ex Meisn. 1941 Reynoutria polystachya Moldenke 1969 Aconogonon polystachyum M.Král 1985 Rubrivena polystachya M.Král 1989 P. wallichii Greuter & Burdet Himalayan knotweed Flora of North America Giant smart-weed Kashmir plume Flora of North America Garden smartweed Flora Novae Angliae Cultivated knotweed USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team Introduced Asia Excluded X 347 POPO5 XX as Polygonum polystachyum Wall. ex Meisn. persicaria/wallichii 823934 448733 250060703 50080989 Excluded nymap.svg Persicaria wallichii02.jpg Tribe Fagopyreae Fagopyrum Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Fagopyreae Fagopyrum Fagopyrum Buckwheat 969 2 Fagopyrum esculentum Moench 1753 Polygonum fagopyrum L. 1794 Fagopyrum esculentum Moench F. sagittatum Gilib. F. vulgare Hill F. fagopyrum (L.) H.Karst. Buckwheat Common buckwheat Sarrasin commun Introduced Not naturalized 2460 X FAES2 XX Fagopyrum/esculentum 502589 16528 200006709 nymap.svg Fagopyrum esculentum 003.JPG Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. --- 1753 Polygonum tataricum L. 1790 Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn. --- Tartarian buckwheat Tartary buckwheat Green buckwheat Japanese buckwheat India-wheat --- Introduced Impersistent Not naturalized 2454 X Gree FATA XX 21283 16531 200006710 nymap.svg Fagopyrum tataricum - Kops.jpg Tribe Rumiceae Rumex Rumex subg. Axillares Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Rumiceae Rumex Axillares Rumex Axillares Dock 672 5 Rumex triangulivalvis Rech.f. --- 1926 R. salicifolius triangulivalvis 1936 R. triangulivalvis Rech.f. 1964 R. salicifolius triangulivalvis 1964 R. triangulivalvis oreolapathum --- White dock White willow dock Triangular-valved dock --- Native Secure 4 2n = 20 2476 5 RUSAM NN as R. salicifolius Weinm. var. mexicanus (Meisn.) C.L.Hitchc. rumex/triangulivalvis 20979 32553 242417186 nymap.svg Rumex-triangulivalvis01.jpg Rumex verticillatus L. --- 1753 Rumex verticillatus L. 1856 R. floridanus Meisn. 1895 R. fascicularis Small --- Swamp dock Water dock --- Native Secure 6 2n = 60 2475 5 RUVE3 NN rumex/verticillatus 20946 454692 242417187 nymap.svg Rumex verticillatus NRCS-1.jpg Rumex britannica L. --- 1753 Rumex britannica L. 1856 R. hydrolapathum americanum 1867 R. orbiculatus A.Gray 1937 R. britannica borealis --- Water dock Greater water dock British dock --- Native Secure 7 2n = 20 2470 5 RUORB N0 as Rumex orbiculatus A.Gray var. borealis Rech.f. rumex/britannica 520622 455737 250060771 nymap.svg Rumex britannica1.jpg Rumex altissimus Alph.Wood --- 1847 Rumex altissimus Alph.Wood 1856 R. britannicus Meisn. L. 1856 R. britannica Meisn. L. Pale dock NYFA: 2017 / FNA Tall dock FNA Smooth dock Patience élevée VASCAN: Cuerrier Native Secure 10 2n = 20 2445 5 RUAL4 NN 8203 rumex/altissimus 20949 32521 242417181 Rumex altissimus NRCS-1.jpg Rumex pallidus Bigelow Jacob Bigelow (1787-1879) Florula Bostoniensis..., ed. 3 153. 1840. 1840 Rumex pallidus Bigelow Sea-beach dock NYFA: 2017 / Tropicos Seaside dock USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team" 2017 / FNA / Tropicos Pale willow dock FNA White dock Tropicos: 2017 Native Unranked 10 2n = 20 7496 U RUPA4 NN NY, New England & eastern Canada 250060792 26000927 nymap.svg Rumex pallidus BB-1913.png Rumex Axillares Dock 672 X (excluded taxa) Rumex salicifolius Weinm. 1821 Rumex salicifolius Weinm. Willow dock ARS-GRIN: FNA ed. com. 1994 Willow-leaf dock ARS-GRIN: FNA ed. com. 1994 N. America native s.w. N. America Excluded X 358 EXCLUDED RUSA NM 32548 Excluded nymap.svg Rumex salicifolius NRCS-003.jpg Rumex mexicanus Meisn. 1856 Rumex mexicanus Meisn. 1964 R. salicifolius Weinm. mexicanus (Meisn.) C.L.Hitchc. Mexican dock USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 / ARS-GRIN: FNA ed. com. 1994 Mexican-willow ARS-GRIN: FNA ed. com. 1994 White dock ARS-GRIN: Websters Dict 2003 N. America native Excluded X 355 EXCLUDED RUSAM NN R. salicifolius var. mexicanus (Meisn.) C.L.Hitchc. 32539 250060788 Excluded nymap.svg Rumex mexicanus BB-1913.png Rumex pallidus Rumex pallidus × triangulivalvis Rumex pallidus Rumex triangulivalvis sea-beach dock white dock N. America native Excluded X 353 EXCLUDED Excluded nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Rumex pallidus Rumex pallidus × mexicanus Rumex pallidus Rumex mexicanus sea-beach dock Mexican dock N. America native Excluded X 354 EXCLUDED Excluded nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Rumex subg. Rumex Rumex fueginus iNat-49758044.jpg Rumex fueginus Plants of subg. Rumex are generally synoecious (have male and female organs in the same flower), but polygamodioecious or dioecious individuals occasionally occur in some species. Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Rumiceae Rumex Rumex Rumex Rumex Dock 672 15 Rumex fueginus Phil. Rudolf Amandus (Rodolfo Amando) Philippi (1808-1904) Anales de la Universidad de Chile 91:493–494. 1895 1895 Rumex fueginus Phil. 1900 Rumex maritimus L. fueginus Dusén 1915 Rumex maritimus L. athrix H.St.John 1937 Rumex fueginus Phil. athrix (H.St.John) Rech.f. 1937 Rumex fueginus Phil. typicus Rech.f. 1968 Rumex maritimus L. fueginus Hultén 2010 Rumex persicarioides L. fueginus (Phil.) A.HainesRumex persicarioides L. var. fueginus (Phil.) A.Haines (2010). "New combinations for the New England tracheophyte flora." Stantec Botanical Notes No. 13. American golden dock 2022 New York Flora Atlas Tierra del Fuego dock 2022 GBIF, Flora of North America Sea-side dock Golden dock Native Endangered 10 2n = 40 2451 1 RUMA4 NN as Rumex maritimus L. 5R9S9 2888982 224432-2 8210 rumex/persicarioides 78903-Rumex-fueginus 20960 32538 250037804 Rumex_fueginus 26000918 nymap.svg 11 counties 2 NRG observations Rumex fueginus iNat-46311449.jpg Rumex persicarioides L. 1753 Rumex persicarioides L. 1794 Lapathum persicarioides (L.) Moench 1978 Rumex maritimus L. persicarioides (L.) R.S.Mitch. Coastal dock 2018 New York Flora Atlas Peach-leaved dock 2022 GBIF -- 2018 VASCAN Canadensys American golden dock Golden dock Seaside dock Seashore dock Rumex fausse-persicaire Flora of North America Patience fausse-persicaire 2018 VASCAN Canadensys Patience faux-persicaire 2018 VASCAN Canadensys Native No recent reports 10 2n = 40 2442 H Suffolk only 1920 RUMA4 NN as Rumex maritimus L. golden dock 6X9D2 2888984 224482-2 0001101245 8220 rumex/persicarioides 78908-Rumex-persicarioides 520631 316811 250060795 Rumex_persicarioides 26001359 nymap.svg Suffolk (1879-1926) No observations Rumex maritimus BB-1913.png Rumex crispus L. crispus Rumex crispus L. Curly dock Sour dock Yellow dock Introduced Potentially invasive Naturalized 6335 8195144 FAC Perennial Herb-forb 2n = 60 SNA, GNR 2.160681/Rumex_crispus Exotic 2458 Xn RUCRC XX 8195144 Rumex/crispus 53197-Rumex-crispus 200006746 nymap.svg 45 counties 54 counties Rumex crispus plant3 (14901122460).jpg Rumex obtusifolius L. obtusifolius --- Bitter dock Broad-leaved dock --- Introduced Potentially invasive Naturalized 6346 2889011 X FAC FACU Perennial Herb-forb 2n = 40 SNA 2.146680/Rumex_obtusifolius Exotic 6362 Xn RUOB XX Rumex obtusifolius L. - bitter dock Rumex/obtusifolius 63371-Rumex-obtusifolius 242345760 nymap.svg 48 counties ? counties 20170602Rumex obtusifolius2.jpg Rumex × pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Rumex crispus Rumex obtusifolius --- 1753 Rumex × acutus L. (pro sp. 1826 Rumex × pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch 1855 Rumex × crispobtusifolius Meisn. Field dock NYFA: 2017 Meadow dock Introduced 2463 X RUAC6 XN as Rumex ×acutus L. (pro sp.) crispus × obtusifolius 823791 Rumex X pratensis Mert. & W.D.J.Koch 181860-Rumex---acutus 100349930 nymap.svg ? counties ? counties Rumex crispus flowerhead3 (15064774986).jpg Rumex longifolius --- Dooryard dock Long-leaved dock Northern dock Introduced Naturalized 2n = 60 2444 Xn RULO2 XX Rumex/longifolius 168241-Rumex-longifolius 242345750 nymap.svg 20 counties ? counties Hoymuggel.jpg Rumex patientia L. Patience dock Introduced Naturalized 2n = 60 2443 Xn RUPA5 XX Rumex/patientia 168248-Rumex-patientia 200006750 nymap.svg ? counties ? counties Rumex X patientia Sturm55.jpg Rumex × confusus Simonkai Rumex crispus Rumex patientia Large curly dock Confused dock Introduced 2464 X Albany, Monroe & Queens only RUCO7 X0 New York only 504908 234123-Rumex---confusus 200006746 in Rumex crispus desc. nymap.svg ? counties ? counties Rumex crispus flowerhead2 old (15087777195).jpg Rumex Rumex Dock 672 X (excluded taxa) Rumex sanguineus L. Redvein dock USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 Introduced Eurasia Excluded X 359 EXCLUDED RUSA2 XW 168250-Rumex-sanguineus 32550 Excluded nymap.svg ? counties ? counties Rumex sanguineus 3zz.jpg Rumex subg. Acetosa 20160506Rumex acetosa.jpg Rumex acetosa Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Rumiceae Acetosa Rumex Sorrel 672 15 Acetosa Rumex hastatulus Baldwin --- 1817 Rumex hastatulus Baldwin 1856 Rumex engelmannii Meisn. 1948 Acetosa hastatula Á.Löve --- Heartwing sorrel Heart-winged sorrel Wild sorrel Heartwing dock Wild dock --- Native Endangered 2449 1 Suffolk only RUHA2 N0 rumex/hastatulus 20938 316810 242417184 nymap.svg Suffolk (1872-1987) Suffolk (2020?) Rumex hastatulus BB-1913.png Rumex acetosa L. --- 1753 Rumex acetosa L. 1768 Acetosa pratensis Mill. 1903 R. acetosa pratensis A.Blytt & O.C.Dahl --- Garden sorrel Green sorrel Common sorrel Common dock Sourdock --- Oseille de prés Grande oseille --- Introduced Potentially invasive Naturalized 33767 2888951 UPL FACU Perennial Herb-forb SNA, G5 2.949841/Rumex_acetosa Exotic 2446 X RUAC2 XM 2888951 rumex/acetosa 55821-Rumex-acetosa 32518 nymap.svg 20 counties No RG observations 20150508Rumex acetosa.jpg Rumex subg. Acetosella 20210507Rumex acetosella2.jpg Rumex acetosella Rumex acetosella (sheep sorrel) is the only Rumex species currently listed in the New York State Invasive Species Tiers Table. It is listed with an Ecological Invasiveness of Moderate but shown as untiered in all PRISMS except Finger Lakes, where it has been assigned Tier 4 (Local Control). New York State Invasive Species Tiers Table, Updated March 16, 2022, New York Natural Heritage Program Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Rumiceae Acetosella Rumex Acetosella Sorrel 672 1 Rumex acetosella L. pyrenaicus (Pourr. ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd 1991 Rumex acetosella L. pyrenaicus (Pourr. ex Lapeyr.) Akeroyd 1818 Rumex pyrenaicus Pourr. ex Lapeyr. auct Rumex acetosella L. angiocarpus (Murb.) Murb. misapplied Sheep sorrel Red sorrel Field sorrel Oseille Petite oseille Sûrette Introduced Moderately invasive Naturalized CP-4CP4 66%Rumex acetosella Moderate 66 6331 2888995 Untiered (FL-4) 2448 X RUAC3 XX Rumex/acetosella 20934 32519 242414256 966807-1 nymap.svg 48 counties 30 counties 20150426Rumex acetosella.jpg Rumex acetosella L. acetosella 1753 Rumex acetosella L. 1869 Acetosella vulgaris Fourr. Sheep sorrel Introduced Europe Excluded X X 357 EXCLUDED RUAC3 XX 411922 242414256 Excluded nymap.svg ? counties ? counties Starr 050831-4255 Rumex acetosella.jpg Rumex acetosella L. multifidus (L.) Arcang. 1762 Rumex multifidus L. 1834 Rumex acetosella multifidus (L.) Schubl. & G. Martens Sheep sorrel Red sorrel Field sorrel Oseille Petite oseille Sûrette Introduced Europe Excluded X 830 RUAC3 XX 448682 242414256 26000101 Excluded nymap.svg ? counties ? counties Starr 070908-9221 Rumex acetosella.jpg Rheum Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Rumiceae Rheum Rheum L. Rhubarb 227 1 Rheum rhabarbarum L. 1753 Rheum rhabarbarum L. 1762 R. undulatum L. 1879 R. franzenbachii Münter Garden rhubarb Pie-plant Rhubarb Wine-plant Rhubarbe FNA Introduced Eurasia Not naturalized X Perennial Herb-forb 2n = 44 2461 X RHRH2 XX 8199 Rheum/rhabarbarum 504747 404883 242343402 26001783 Rhubarb-flower-4.jpg Rheum L. Rhubarb 227 X (excluded taxa) Rheum rhaponticum L. 1753 Rheum rhaponticum L. European rhubarb FNA False rhubarb ITIS Introduced Excluded 2n = 22 X 356 EXCLUDED 21319 26000184 Excluded nymap.svg Rheum rhaponticum kz02.jpg Tribe Polygoneae Polygonum The Flora of North America recognizes the two sections Duravia and Polygonum used here.30. Polygonum Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. 1993+. Flora of North America North of Mexico. 19+ vols. New York and Oxford. Polygonum sect. Duravia Schuster, Reveal & Kron (2011)Tanja M. Schuster, James L. Reveal & Kathleen A. Kron (2011) "Phylogeny of Polygoneae (Polygonaceae: Polygonoideae)." Taxon, 60(6), Dec. 2011, pp. 1653-1666. transferred Polygonella articulata back to Polygonum articulatum. Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Polygoneae Polygonum Duravia Polygonum Jointweed 462 14 Duravia Polygonella Polygonum articulatum L. 1753 Polygonum articulatum L. 1841 Polygonella articulata (L.) Meisn. 1932 Delopyrum articulatum (L.) Small Coastal jointweed Northern jointweed Coast jointweed Polygonelle articulée --- Native Likely secure 6347 4 POAR4 NN 19138 Polygonum/articulatum 21308 250060709 26000814 695266-1 Polygonella+articulata Polygonum%20articulatum Polygonella articulata NY-dist-map.png Polygonella articulata WFNY-049A.jpg Polygonum Knotweed 462 14 Duravia Duravia Polygonum tenue Michx. (1803) --- P. tenue var. protrusum --- Pleatleaf knotweed Pleat-leaved knotweed Slender knotweed --- Native Rare 2468 3 POTE2 NN 242417036 nymap.svg Polygonum tenue leaves (2x3).jpg Polygonum douglasii Greene Douglas knotweed Native Threatened 2455 2 PODO4 NN 2016.05.27 17.02.41 IMG 5981 - Flickr - andrey zharkikh.jpg Polygonum sect. Polygonum Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Polygoneae Polygonum Polygonum Polygonum Knotweed 462 14 Polygonum achoreum S.F.Blake 1917 Polygonum achoreum S.F.Blake 1982 Polygonum erectum S.F.Blake achoreum Á & D.Löve Leathery knotweed Blake's knotweed Striate knotweed Renouée coriace Native Likely secure 0 2462 4 POAC3 NN 8162 polygonum/achoreum 20868 242417024 26000824 Polygonum achoreum (4984671231) (2x3).jpg Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. prolificum (Small) Costea & Tardif 1894 Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. prolificum Small 1902 Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L. Rob. 1948 Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L. Rob. autumnale (Brenckle) Brenckle 1948 Polygonum prolificum (Small) B.L. Rob. profusum Brenckle 2003 Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. prolificum (Small) Costea & Tardif Proliferous knotweed NYFA: 2017 / VASCAN: Darbyshire et al. 2000 Bushy knotweed Saltmarsh knotweed Renouée prolifique Native Introduced 1 2433 NX PORAP NN as var. prolificum 22347 polygonum/ramosissimum 823859 250060756 50239176 Polygonum ramosissimum ssp prolificum nymap.svg Polygonum ramosissimum ssp. prolificum BB-1913.png Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. ramosissimum 1803 Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. 1894 Polygonum exsertum Small 1894 Polygonum interior Small 1904 Polygonum leptocarpum B.L.Rob. 1909 Polygonum atlanticum (B.L.Rob.) E.P.Bicknell 1913 Polygonum triangulum E.P.Bicknell ex Small 1932 Polygonum latum Small ex Rydb. 1941 Polygonum stevensii Brenckle Bushy knotweed Slender knotgrass Renouée à fleurs jaunes --- Native Introduced 1 2434 NX PORAR NN as var. ramosissimum polygonum/ramosissimum 823865 250060757 50239177 Polygonum ramosissimum ssp ramosissimum nymap.svg Polygonum ramosissimum ssp. ramosissimum (as P. exsertum) BB-1913.png Polygonum glaucum Nutt. Polygonum aviculare glaucum Seabeach knotweed Seaside knotweed Native Rare 8 6357 3 POGL7 N0 polygonum/glaucum 20855 250060738 Polygonum glaucum nymap.svg Polygonum glaucum BB-1913.png Polygonum erectum L. 1753 Polygonum erectum L. Erect knotweed VASCAN: FNA Ed. Comm., 2005 Upright knotweed Flora Novae Angliae 2011-2017 Devil's shoestring VASCAN: 2017 Leathery knotweed VASCAN: 2017 Striate knotweed VASCAN: 2017 Wireweed VASCAN: 2017 Renouée dressée VASCAN: Darbyshire et al., 2000 / Flora of North America Native No recent reports Impersistent 10 2453 Zm POER2 NN 8172 Polygonum/erectum 400296 242417029 Polygonum erectum nymap.svg Polygonum erectum BB-1913.png Polygonum buxiforme Small (Small) Costea & Tardif 1906 Polygonum buxiforme Small 1831 Polygonum aviculare L. littorale (Link) Mert. & W.D.J. Koch misapplied 2003 Polygonum aviculare L. buxiforme (Small) Costea & Tardif Box knotweed Small's knotweed American knotweed Renouée faux-buis Native Endangered 0 2450 1 POBU2 NN 8166 polygonum/buxiforme 250060725 50239168 Polygonum aviculare ssp. buxiforme nymap.svg Polygonum aviculare ssp buxiforme 4.jpg Polygonum aviculare L. aviculare 1753 Polygonum aviculare L. 1912 Polygonum heterophyllum Lindm. --- Common knotweed Dooryard knotweed Doorweed Prostrate knotweed --- Introduced N. America native 6350 X POAV XX Polygonum aviculare L. - Prostrate knotweed polygonum/aviculare 455721 Polygonum aviculare L. subsp. aviculare Polygonum%20aviculare nymap.svg Polygonum aviculare 3.JPG Polygonum aviculare L. depressum (Meisn.) Arcang. 1856 Polygonum aviculare depressum Meisn. 1857 Polygonum arenastrum Boreau 1882 Polygonum aviculare depressum Arcang. 1912 Polygonum aequale Lindm. 1942 Polygonum montereyense Brenckle --- Common knotweed Oval-leaved knotweed Equal-leaved knotgrass --- Renouée à petits fruits --- Introduced 6349 X polygonum/aviculare 823866 250060726 Polygonum%20aviculare nymap.svg Polygonum aviculare subsp. depressum (s. lat.) sl4.jpg Polygonum aviculare L. neglectum (Besser) Arcang. --- 1785 Polygonum bellardii All. 1822 Polygonum neglectum Besser 1882 Polygonum aviculare neglectum Arcang. --- Narrowleaf knotweed Narrow-leaved knotweed --- Introduced Eurasia 2457 X POBE XN Polygonum bellardii All. polygonum/aviculare 565424 Polygonum bellardii All. 455726 Polygonum aviculare L. subsp. neglectum (Besser) Arcang. 250060727 Polygonum aviculare L. subsp. neglectum 50154372 Polygonum aviculare subsp. neglectum (Besser) Arcang. Polygonum%20aviculare nymap.svg Polygonum aviculare ssp. neglectum Oulu, Finland 25.07.2013.jpg Polygonum polycnemoides Jaubert & Spach 1844 Polygonum polycnemoides Jaub. & Spach Himalayan knotweed NYFA: 2017 Manyleg knotweed USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 --- Introduced Impersistent Not naturalized 6358 Xm POPO3 X0 NY & Idaho only 504513 26000883 nymap.svg Polygonum Polygonum Knotweed 462 X (excluded taxa) Polygonum bellardii All. 1792 Polygonum procumbens Gilib. 1822 Polygonum neglectum Besser 1841 Polygonum nervosum Wallr. 1857 Polygonum agrestinum Jord. ex Boreau 1882 Polygonum bellardii All. 1959 Polygonum rectum (Chrtek) Scholz Bellard's knotweed Narrow-leaved knotweed --- Introduced Europe Excluded X 346 POBE XN polygonum/bellardii 26001774 nymap.svg Polygonum bellardii BB-1913.png Polygonum aviculare L. rurivagum Narrow-leaved knotweed --- Introduced Excluded X 801 polygonum/aviculare nymap.svg 20131017Polygonum aviculare6.jpg Polygonum oxyspermum C.A.Mey. & Bunge ex Ledeb. raii (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater 1836 Polygonum raii Bab. 1963 Polygonum oxyspermum C.A.Mey. & Bunge ex Ledeb. rali (Bab.) D.A.Webb & Chater Ray's knotweed Flora of North America / VASCAN: FNA Ed. Comm. 2005 Renouée de Ray Flora of North America / VASCAN: Meades et al. 2000 N. America native eastern Canada Maine Excluded Annual-perennial Herb-forb X 351 EXCLUDED POOX2 NN Polygonum raii Bab. - Eastern Canada and Maine 8185 250060748 50079606 nymap.svg Polygonum oxyspermum (Zandvarkensgras) - Katwijk aan Zee.jpg Polygonum maritimum L. 1753 Polygonum maritimum L. 1849 Polygonum chilense K.Koch 1913 Polygonum maritimum L. chilense (K. Koch) Skottsb. Introduced Excluded Missaplied to P. glaucum X 352 EXCLUDED nymap.svg Polygonum maritimum.jpg Fallopia Fallopia sect. Fallopia Fallopia scandens WFNY-015B.jpg Fallopia scandens from Wild Flowers of New York (1918) False-buckwheat (Fallopia) contains vines similar to those of Convolvulaceae (in order Solanales), many of which are also known as bindweeds. Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Polygoneae Fallopia Fallopia Fallopia False-buckwheat 1071 9 Adanson Fallopia Fallopia cilinodis (Michx.) Holub --- 1803 Polygonum cilinode Michx. 1903 Tiniaria cilinodis Small 1904 Bilderdykia cilinodis Greene 1967 Reynoutria cilinodis Shinners 1971 Fallopia cilinodis Holub --- Fringed black bindweed Fringed bindweed Blackfringe knotweed --- Renouée à noeuds ciliés --- Native Secure 2440 5 POCI NN as Polygonum cilinode Michx. 8129 fallopia/cilinodis 513510 250060602 50009149 nymap.svg Fallopia cilinodis - 51406851836.jpg Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub scandens --- 1753 Polygonum scandens L. 1867 Polygonum dumetorum scandens A.Gray 1913 Bilderdykia scandens Greene 1913 Fagopyrum scandens H.Gross 1967 Reynoutria scandens Shinners 1971 Fallopia scandens Holub --- Climbing false-buckwheat --- Renouée grimpante --- Native Secure 2436 5 POSCS NN as Polygonum scandens L. var. scandens 8135 fallopia/scandens 513512 Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub 416901 Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub 1971 250060606 Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub 1971 26000038 Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub 1971 nymap.svg Fallopia scandens kz2.jpg Fallopia scandens (L.) Holub cristatum (Engelm. & A.Gray) H.R.Hinds --- 1845 Polygonum cristatum Engelm. & A.Gray 1904 Bilderdykia cristata Greene 1952 P. scandens cristatum Gleason 1971 Fallopia cristata Holub 2005 F. scandens cristatum H.R.Hinds Climbing false-buckwheat Crested bindweed Native Likely secure 2439 4 POSCC N0 as Polygonum scandens L. var. cristatum (Engelm. & A.Gray) Gleason fallopia/cristata nymap.svg Fallopia scandens 564851782.jpg Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve 1753 Polygonum convolvulus L. 1970 Fallopia convolvulus Á. Löve Black bindweed Wild buckwheat Eurasian black bindweed Renouée liseron Renouée faux-liseron Chevrier Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Potentially invasive Naturalized 6215 6391461 2472 X Onon POCOC2 XX as Polygonum convolvulus L. var. convolvulus fallopia/convolvulus 513511 Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve 404599 Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve, 1970. 242100055 Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á. Löve, 1970. 26001325 nymap.svg 53 counties ? counties 20170613Fallopia convolvulus1.jpg Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub --- 1762 Polygonum dumetorum L. 1952 P. scandens dumetorum Gleason 1971 Fallopia dumetorum Holub --- Climbing false buckwheat Thicket bindweed Copse-bindweed Desert knotgrass --- Renouée des haies --- Introduced from Eurasia 2474 X Onon POSCD XN fallopia/dumetorum 823803 448687 242100057 26000037 nymap.svg Fallopia dumetorum sl4.jpg Fallopia baldschuanica (Regel) Holub --- 1885 Polygonum baldschuanicum Regel 1907 Polygonum aubertii L.Henry 1941 Reynoutria baldschuanica Moldenke 1971 Fallopia baldschuanica Holub 1971 Fallopia aubertii Holub --- Bukhara fleeceflower China fleece vine Silver lace-vine Mile-a-minute-vine Russianvine --- Introduced Invasive 51%Fallopia baldschuanica Moderate 51% 2431 X Monr POBA3 X0 as Polygonum baldschuanicum Regel fallopia/baldschuanica 513509 416903 242100054 26002187 Fallopia baldschuanica nymap.svg Kings (1992), Monroe, Orange(1990,96) Korina 2012-08-16 Fallopia baldschuanica 2.jpg Reynoutria Korina 2011-09-11 Fallopia japonica.jpg Reynoutria japonica Knotweed (Reynoutria — syns. Polygonum and Fallopia) includes the very common Japanese knotweed (R. japonica var. japonica) and the less common giant knotweed (R. sachalinensis). The hybrid of the two (R. × bohemica or Bohemian knotweed), often occurs mixed in with Japanese knotweed. All three are considered to be very highly invasive in New York State. Caryophyllales Polygonaceae Polygonoideae Polygoneae Reynoutria Reynoutria Knotweed 1137 Reynoutria japonica Houtt. japonica 1777 Reynoutria japonica Houtt. 1846 Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. 1901 Polygonum reynoutria Makino illeg. 1919 Pleuropterus cuspidatus (Siebold & Zucc.) H. Gross 1926 Reynoutria henryi Nakai 1946 Tiniaria japonica (Houtt.) Hedberg 1988 Fallopia japonica Ronse Decr. 2008 Polygonum japonicum (Houtt.) S.L.Welsh illeg. Japanese knotweed 2021 New York Flora Atlas Mexican bamboo 2021 ARS-GRIN: Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of vascular plants of northeastern United States and adjacent Canada, ed. 2 (Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. Japanese bamboo Fleeceflower Japanese winged-knotweed 2021 Native Plant Trust, Go Botany Renouée du Japon Introduced temperate Asia Very highly invasive NYIS: 98%Fallopia spp. Very highly invasive 98% Prohibited CP-2CP2 NE-1NE1 6355 X Onon POCU6 XX as Polygonum cuspidatum Siebold & Zucc. 8133 fallopia/japonica 823876 Fallopia japonica var. japonica (Houtt.) Ronse Decr. 400616 Reynoutria japonica Houtt. 1773 250060603 Fallopia japonica (Houttuyn) Ronse Decraene, 1988. 50009150 Fallopia japonica var japonica nymap.svg Reynoutria japonica leaf (23).jpg Reynoutria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai 1859 Polygonum sachalinense F.Schmidt 1919 Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai 1950 Tiniaria sachalinensis Janchen 1988 Fallopia sachalinensis Ronse Decr. Giant knotweed 2021 New York Flora Atlas Sakhalin knotweed Sachaline knotweed Elephant-ear Giant winged-knotweed 2021 Native Plant Trust. Go Botany Renouée de Sakhaline Introduced temperate Asia Very highly invasive Prohibited CP-3CP3 98% 2469 X Reynoutria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai POSA4 XX Polygonum sachalinense F.Schmidt ex Maxim. 8134 Fallopia sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Ronse-Decraene fallopia/sachalinensis 565898 Fallopia sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Ronse Decr. 409769 Reynoutria sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Nakai 250060605 Fallopia sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Ronse Decraene 50009155 Fallopia sachalinensis (F.Schmidt) Ronse Decr. Fallopia sachalinensis nymap.svg Korina 2018-10-09 Fallopia sachalinensis 8.jpg Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková Reynoutria japonica Reynoutria sachalinensis 1983 Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková 1989 Fallopia × bohemica J.P.Bailey 2003 Polygonum × bohemicum Zika & Jacobson --- Bohemian knotweed Hybrid Japanese & giant knotweed --- Renouée de Bohème --- Introduced Very highly invasive NYIS: 98% Prohibited CP-2CP2 6356 X ? POBO10 XX Polygonum ×bohemicum (J. Chrtek & Chrtková) Zika & Jacobson 8136 fallopia/japonica 50126018 Fallopia × bohemica (Chrtek & Chrtková) J.P. Bailey nymap.svg Tompkins (2004) Knotweed 1r.jpg