French/Lessons/Travel

Les voyages Grammar From De french-from <div id='french-from'> The preposition de /də/ duh Fr-de.ogg means from: Il est de Paris. He is from Paris. De becomes d''' before a vowel, due to elision: Nous sommes d'Orléans. We are from Orléans. The definite article is included with countries: Vous êtes de la Suisse ? Are you from Switzerland? The contraction du /dy/ dew Fr-du.ogg is used in place of de le: Elles sont du Luxembourg. They are from Luxembourg. Likewise, the contraction des /dɛ/ deh Fr-des.ogg is used in place of de les: Nous sommes des Pays-Bas. We are from the Netherlands.De also has other translations, which depend on context. For example, it is used to indicate an amount: 5 kilos de pommes 5 kilograms of apples </div> Grammar Possessive adjectives Les adjectifs possessifs french-possessive-adjectives Formation First person Second person Third person Singular mon (m)ma (f)mes Fr-mon.ogg /mɔ̃/Fr-ma.ogg /ma/Fr-mes.ogg /me/ my ton (m)ta (f)tes Fr-ton.ogg /tɔ̃/Fr-ta.ogg /ta/Fr-tes.ogg /te/ your (tu form) son (m)sa (f)ses Fr-son.ogg /sɔ̃/Fr-sa.ogg /sa//sɛ/ hisherits Plural notrenos Fr-notre.ogg /nɔtʁ//no/ our votrevos /vɔtʁ//vo/ your (vous form) leurleurs Fr-leur.ogg /lœʁ/Fr-leur.ogg /lœʁ/ their Usage Possessive adjectives are used to express possession of an object: C'est mon passeport. It's my passport. In English the possessive adjective agrees with the subject (his sister, her brother). But in French, possessive adjectives act like all other adjectives: they must agree with the noun they modify. Masculine nounle frère Feminine nounla sœur le frère de MarcMarc's brother son frèrehis brother la sœur de MarcMarc's sister sa sœurhis sister les frères de MarcMarc's brothers ses frèreshis brothers les sœurs de MarcMarc's sisters ses sœurshis sisters le frère de MarieMarie's brother son frèreher brother la sœur de MarieMarie's sister sa sœurher sister les frères de MarieMarie's brothers ses frèresher brothers les sœurs de MarieMarie's sisters ses sœursher sisters Whether son, sa and ses translate to his or her is indicated by context: Oui, elle a son billet. Yes, she has her ticket. Notre, votre, and leur modify singular nouns, regardless of gender; nos, vos, and leurs modify plural nouns: le chalet (m): C'est notre chalet. It's our chalet. la caravane: C'est notre caravane. It's our caravan. Examples Ton auberge de jeunesse est bruyante. Your youth hostel is noisy. auberge is feminine, but begins with a vowel J’ai son billet. I have his/her ticket. le billet is masculine Elle est la femme de mon ami. She's my friend's wife. l'ami is maculine Dialogue vacations vacances Monuments, visited, travelled, eated... Grammar Regular -ir verbs Les verbes en -ir The second category of regular French verbs is -ir verbs. Formation To conjugate, drop the -ir to find the stem or root. Add endings to the root based on the subject and tense. + finir /finiʁ/ Fr-finir.ogg to finish Pronoun Ending Verb Pronunciation je -is finis Fr-finis.ogg /fi.ni/ tu -is finis Fr-finis.ogg /fi.ni/ il/elle -it finit Fr-finit.ogg /fi.ni/ nous -issons finissons finissons.ogg /fi.ni.sɔ̃/ vous -issez finissez finissez.ogg /fi.ni.se/ ils/elles -issent finissent Fr-finissent.ogg /fi.nis/ Vocabulary Example -ir verbs french-example--ir-verbs abolir Fr-abolir.ogg /a.bɔ.liʁ/ to abolish Il faut abolir l'esclavage. Slavery needs to be abolished. approfondir Fr-approfondir.ogg /a.pʁɔ.fɔ̃.diʁ/ to deepen, to consider more thoroughly Je vais approfondir ce sujet. I 'm going to consider more thoroughly this subject. choisir Fr-choisir.ogg /ʃwaziʀ/ to choose Je vais choisir pour toi. I'll choose for you. convertir Fr-convertir.ogg /kɔ̃.vɛʁ.tiʁ/ to convert Comment tu convertis les mètres en pieds? How do you convert meters to feets? investir Fr-investir.ogg /ɛ̃.vɛs.tiʁ/ to invest Je vais investir dans cette entreprise. I'll invest in this enterprise. obéir Fr-obéir.ogg /ɔ.be.iʁ/ to obey Tout corps matériel obéit à la loi de gravitation universelle. Any material body obeys the law of universal gravitation. polir Fr-polir.ogg /pɔ.liʁ/ to polish, to refine J'ai poli cette pière. I polished this stone. établir Fr-établir.ogg /e.ta.bliʁ/ to establish, to prove J'ai établit ce fait. I established this fact. refroidir Fr-froidir.ogg /fʁwa.diʁ/ to cool, to cool off Le congélateur est en train de refroidir la viande. The freezer is cooling off the meat. affaiblir Fr-affaiblir.ogg /a.fe.bliʁ/ to weaken L’âge affaiblit la mémoire.Les débauches affaiblissent le corps. Age weakens the memory.Debauchery weaken the body. Vocabulary l'aéroport (m) Fr-aéroport.ogg /a.e.ʁɔ.pɔʁ/ airport le billet Fr-billet.ogg /bi.jɛ/ ticket for train, airplane la poste Fr-poste.ogg /pɔst/ post office la station Fr-station.ogg /sta.sjɔ̃/ station le métro Fr-métro.ogg /met.ʁɔ/ subway, underground les bagages Fr-bagage.ogg /ba.ɡaʒ/ baggage le ticket Fr-ticket.ogg /ti.kɛ/ ticket for bus, métro la valise Fr-valise.ogg /va.liz/ suitcase Vehicles l'auto (f) Fr-auto.ogg /o.to/ car l'avion (m) Fr-avion.ogg /a.vjɔ̃/ airplane l'autobus (m) Fr-autobus.ogg /o.to.bys/ bus le bateau Fr-bateau.ogg /bato/ boat le train Fr-train.ogg /tʁɛ̃/ train le taxi Fr-taxi.ogg /tak.si/ taxi la voiture Fr-voiture.ogg /vwa.tyʁ/ car Hotels la chambre Fr-chambre.ogg /ʃɑ̃bʁ/ room la chambre de libre free room Grammar To take Prendre Prendre is an irregular -re verb, and is conjugated differently. nous, vous and ils don't have the letter 'd' which you would otherwise expect in a normal -re verb. In ils'' the n is also doubled up. Formation prendre /pʁɑ̃dʁ/ (prah(n)dr) Fr-prendre.ogg to takeje prends /pʁɑ̃/ (prah(n)) Fr-Paris--prends.ogg I taketu prends /pʁɑ̃/ (prah(n)) Fr-Paris--prends.ogg you takeil prend /pʁɑ̃/ (prah(n)) Fr-Paris--prend.ogg he takesnous prenons /pʁə.nɔ̃/ (pruh-noh(n)) Fr-Paris--prenons.ogg we takevous prenez /pʁǝ.ne/ (pruh-nay) Fr-Paris--prenez.ogg you takeils prennent /pʁɛn/ (prehn) Fr-Paris--prennent.ogg they takepris /pʁi/ taken Examples Prends ma main. Take my hand. Ils ont pris mon chien. They took my dog. Nous prenons, c'est tout. We take, that's all. Je prends ce que je veux. I take what I want. Qu'allez vous prendre? What are you going to take? Il a pris une bouteille d'eau. He took a bottle of water. Tu prends quoi? What are you taking? Vocabulary Related words french-prendre-related-words apprendre Fr-apprendre.ogg /a.pʁɑ̃dʁ/ to learn comprendre Fr-comprendre.ogg /kɔ̃.pʁɑ̃dʁ/ to comprehend/understand méprendre /me.pʁɑ̃dʁ/ to make a mistake surprendre Fr-surprendre.ogg /syʁ.pʁɑ̃dʁ/ to surprise Vocabulary Related expressions french-prendre-expressions prendre /pʁɑ̃.dʁə/ prah(n)-druh to have something to eat, to buy prendre en compte to take into account prendre fin to come to an end prendre conscience (de) to become aware (of) prendre position to make a stand (of) prendre des mesures to take steps (to initiate a course of action) prendre des kilos to gain weight prendre part (à) to take part (in) prendre part au vote take part in the vote prendre la parole to start talking prendre le pas sur to surpass prendre rendez-vous to make an appointment prendre un verre to have a drink On va prendre un verre en ville. We’re going to have a drink in town. prendre un café to have a coffee Vocabulary Directions Sometimes when you go out, you may get lost, or come across someone who is lost. This should help you ask for and give directions. Pardonnez-moi/Excusez-moi,mademoiselle/madame/monsieur. Excuse me, Miss/Mrs/Mr. Je suis perdu. I am lost. Je cherche… I'm looking for… la poste Fr-poste.ogg /pɔst/ the post office la gare Fr-gare.ogg /ɡaʁ/ the train station le supermarché Fr-supermarché.ogg /sy.pɛʁ.maʁ.ʃe/ the supermarket le stade Fr-stade.ogg /stad/ the football stadium le camping Fr-camping.ogg /kɑ̃.piɳ/ the camping grounds la plage Fr-plage.ogg /plaːɡə/ [ˈpʰlæːjə] the beach le parc Fr-parc.ogg /paʁk/ the park Vous prenez… You take… la première rue the first street à gauche Fr-à gauche.ogg to the left à droite to the right tout droit straight ahead Merci beaucoup! Thanks so much! De rien. Fr-de rien-fr-Paris.ogg /də ʁjɛ̃/ You're welcome / No worries. Dialogue Exercises Weather Art