Gothic/Old

Gothic/Verbs Gothic/Phonology A|Stem Gothic/Neuter|A|Stem Gothic/Feminine|A|Stems Weak Gothic/Neuter|Weak Phonology Neuter Nouns + Neuter Nouns Singular Plural Nominative -zero -a Accusative -zero -a Genitive -is -e Dative -a -am + Neuter Article Singular Plural Nominative thata tho Accusative thata tho Genitive this thize Dative thamma thaim Feminine Nouns + Feminine Nouns Singular Plural Nominative -a -os Accusative -a -os Genitive -os -o Dative -ai -om + Feminine article Singular Plural Nominative so thos Accusative tho thos Genitive thizo thizos Dative thizai thaim Examples Masculine A-Stems aiths: oath asts: twig bagms: tree (cf. German Baum, English "beam" (of wood)) laufs: leaf (Gothic au frequently = English ea) maithms: gift stains: stone (ai=o) winds: wind Neuter A-Stems Feminine A=Stems (so is the fem. definite article) Weak Declensions Weak nouns decline differently than strong nouns (hence the different name) and sometimes are more simple. + Weak Masculine Singular Plural Nominative -a -ans Accusative -an -ans Genitive -ins -ane Dative -in -am + Weak Neuter Singular Plural Nominative -o -ona Accusative -o -ona Genitive -ins -ane Dative -in -am Examples Masculine Weak sa atta: the father sa bloma: the flower (cf. "bloom") sa brunna: the well (in Old English this word became burna "stream", and is still used in river names ending in -bourn) sa fula: the foal sa galga: the cross (cf. "gallows") sa garda: the yard, the fold sa Guta: the Goth sa Austraguta: the Ostrogoth sa hana: the rooster (cf. "hen", which comes from the feminine of this noun, which originally meant "the singer") sa magula: the little boy sa matha: the worm sa mena: the moon sa milhma: the cloud sa skuggwa: the mirror sa sparwa: the sparrow sa sunna: the sun sa unhultha: the demon Neuter Weak thata augadauro: the window thata auso: the ear thata barnilo: the little child thata hairto: the heart thata kaurno: the (single) grain thata sigljo: the seal (cf. Latin sigillum) thata thairko: the hole But the Weak declensions are not all the same there exists a few irregulars. First the masculine irregulars: + Irregular Singular Plural Nominative manna mans Accusative mannan mans/manans Genitive mans manne Dative mann mannam + Irregular Singular Plural Nominative namo namna Accusative namo namna Genitive namins namne Dative namin namnam NEXT TO COME: FEMININE WEAK NOUNS, NEUTER AND FEMININE STRONG A-STEM VOCABULARY ALSO. Links Gothic language on the web de:Gotisch nl:Gotisch