Elementary Spanish/Unit1-Tradiciones

Goals Introduce language used at holidays and gatherings Begin Present Tense Advance production for simple present tense phrases. Introduction For this unit, we will focus on the theme of holidays and celebrations. To begin practicing, read the following three sentences, and try to identify their corresponding English phrase. Try to find matching translations! Warm Up Activity + Español Inglés A La casa es pequeña. 1 The boy celebrates.B Las amigas preparar la cena.2The house is small.C El niño celebra.3The friends prepare the dinner. Part 1: Articles and Nouns In Part 1 we will discuss articles and nouns, as they relate to holidays and celebrations. Before we move into more complicated grammar components, starting off with a general understanding of how masculine and feminine structures work in Spanish will give a great basis. Part 1: Lesson + Add more information here about what this section covers Articles in Spanish are classified in two sets of categories. These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence. Article Description Feminine: Number Spanish English Example +SingularLa The La casa es roja.SingularUna A Tengo una amiga.PluralLas The Las niñas juegan.PluralUnas * (slang for some) A (plural) * Some*Unas casas son rojas, otras son verdes. Article Description Masculine: Number Spanish English Example +Singular ElThe El apartamento es grande.SingularUnATengo un amigo.PluralLos The Los niños hablan.PluralUnos A *(slang for some) Unos apartamentos son grandes, otros pequeños. + These are nouns that relate to our topic of Family Traditions. Here, we include words that relate to parties, holidays and events, as well as different types of celebrations. + General Vocabulary Español Ingléscomidafoodfamiliafamilyamigofriendcenadinnercasahouseapartamentoapartmenthogarhomerestauranterestaurantfiestaparty+ Holiday Types Español InglésNavidadChristmasKwanzaaKwanzaaHanukkahHanukkahDía de los MuertosDay of the DeadSolsticio de InviernoWinter SolsticeDiwali (Festival de las luces)Diwali (Festival of lights)PascuaEasterAño NuevoNew YearsDía de IndependenciaIndependence Day Student Activity Check Point Part 1 Teacher Activity Guide Part 1 Part 2: Subject Pronouns and Infinitive Verbs In Part 2, we will gain familiarity with subject pronouns. In this section, we will gain a solid familiarity of pronouns and infinitive verbs separately before we combine these ideas to begin work on creating short sentences. Part 2: LessonSubject Pronouns Classes of gender and number also exist within subject pronouns. These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence. In Spanish, it is common for subject pronouns to be omitted, as they are incorporated as part of a verb conjugation. We will begin verb conjugations next. Persona PersonEspañolInglésYoITúYouÉlHeEllaSheNosotrosWeEllosTheyEllas They (females) Infinitive Verbs: Family Tradition There are three broad categories of verb-types in Spanish: Verbs that end in ... -AR* -ER* -IR* Infinitive Verb List + Regular Verbs Español Inglésprepararto prepareinvitarto invitecocinarto cookviajarto travelcelebrarto celebratedecorarto decoratedebershouldcomerto eatvivirto liveescribirto writeleerto read Irregular Verbs Español Inglés +irto govenirto cometenerto havesalirto go out / to leavequererto wantserto be (permanent)estarto be (temporary) Student Check Point Part 2 Teacher Activity Guide Part 2 Part 3: Verb Conjugations In this section we will learn about how subject pronouns are associated with particular verb endings in Spanish Here, we will begin making short phrases by combining subjects and verbs in a single word. Part 3: Lesson The general formula for creating verb conjugations is to replace the infinitive verb ending (-ar/-er/-ir) with the appropriate ending of the subject. Although there are three verb-ending categories, -er and -ir verbs tend to share most of the conjugation endings. Conjugated Verbs:Present Tense Subject - Verb Ending Conjugations In Spanish, verbs are conjugated depending on the subject they are associated with, as well as the tense. For now, we will focus on Present Simple Tense Each subject pronoun is associated with a particular verb-ending type. Persona Verb ends in: Español Inglés +Yo : I-oTú : You-as / -esÉl : He-a / -eElla: She-a / -eNosotros: We -amos / -emosEllos / Ellas: They-an / -en Regular Verbs table Regular Verbs: Present Tense These tables show how verbs change based on the subject pronouns used in the sentence. The ending of the verb is typically dropped, and the corresponding subject pronoun ending is added. -Ar Verbs Table -AR Verbs Subject Pronoun Verb Ending Infinitive Verb Conjugated Verb Example - Spanish Example - TranslationYo -o celebrarcelebro Yo celebro a la fiesta. I celebrate at the party.Tú -as invitarinvitasTú invitas a tú amigo.You invite your friend.Él -a prepararpreparaÉl prepara la comida.He prepares the food.Ella -a cocinarcocinaElla cocina la cena.She cooks the dinner. Nosotros -amos viajar viajamos Viajamos a Florida cada Navidad. We travel to Florida every Christmas.Ellos / Ellas -an decorar decoran Ellos no decoran el árbol. They don't decorate the tree. ER/IR Verbs Table -ER / -IR Verbs Subject Pronoun Verb Ending Infinitive Verb Conjugated Verb Example - Spanish Example - TranslationYo -o comer como Yo como la cena. I eat the dinner. Tú -es escribir escribes Tú escribes una carta. You write a card.Él -e leerleeÉl lee la carta.He reads the card.Ella -e vivirviveElla vive en Nueva York.She lives in New York.Nosotros -imos / -emos comercomemos Comemos juntos a la fiesta del Día de Independenia. We eat together at the Independence Day party.Nosotros -imos / -emos vivir vivimos Nostoros vivimos en Mexico. We live in Mexico.Ellos -endeber deben Ellos deben cocinar. They should cook. Student Check Point Part 3 Teacher Activity Guide Part 3