Turkish/Seen Past Tense

There are two past tenses in Turkish. One of them is görülen geçmiş zaman (seen or direct past tense) and the other one is duyulan geçmiş zaman (heard, indirect, reported or inferential past tense). Their names may vary according to different sources. But the main point is that the first one is used for events that you have witnessed, you have seen when the action was taking place, and the other one is used for actions that you haven't witnessed, you have heard from somebody else. Görülen means seen and duyulan means heard. Formation The declension of -di is quite different than most other tenses, it is important to be aware. Affirmative - Olumlu Appropriate form of the suffix di (it changes according to the vowel and consonant harmonies) and the personal ending are added to the verb stem. An important thing to note here is that the personal endings are different from most other tenses. Verb stem + appropriate form of di no + personal ending purple ben purple gel comedi b nom purple no I came biz purple gel comedi b nok purple no we came sen purple gel comedi b non purple no you came siz purple gel comedi b noniz purple no you came o purple gel comedi b nopurple no he/she/it came onlar purple gel comedi b noler purple no they came ben purple al takedı b nom purple no I took biz purple al takedı b nok purple no we took sen purple al takedı b non purple no you took siz purple al takedı b nonız purple no you took o purple al takedı b nopurple no he/she/it took onlar purple al takedı b nolar purple no they took ben purple gör seedü b nom purple no I saw biz purple gör seedü b nok purple no we saw sen purple gör seedü b non purple no you saw siz purple gör seedü b nonüz purple no you saw o purple gör seedü b nopurple no he/she/it saw onlar purple gör seedü b noler purple no they saw ben purple git goti b nom purple no I went biz purple git goti b nok purple no we went sen purple git goti b non purple no you went siz purple git goti b noniz purple no you went o purple git goti b nopurple no he/she/it went onlar purple git goti b noler purple no they went Negative - Olumsuz The suffixes -dı,-di (it changes according to the vowel harmony) and the personal ending are added to the negative verb stem. Verb stem + appropriate form of r me no + appropriate form of bdi no + personal ending purple gelmemek not to come ben purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b nom purple no I didn't come biz purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b nok purple no we didn't come sen purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b non purple no you didn't come siz purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b noniz purple no you didn't come o purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b nopurple no he/she/it didn't come onlar purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b noler purple no they didn't come almamak not to take ben purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nom purple no I didn't take biz purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nok purple no we didn't take sen purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b non purple no you didn't take siz purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nonız purple no you didn't take o purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nopurple no he/she/it didn't take onlar purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nolar purple no they didn't take Interrogative - Soru Unlike most other tenses, the question particle mi comes after the personal ending, rather than before. Verb stem (+ appropriate form of r me no) + appropriate form of b di no + personal ending purple     question particle mi Affirmative ben purple gel comedi b nom purple no mi no no did I come biz purple gel comedi b nok purple no mi no no did we come sen purple gel comedi b non purple no mi no no did you come siz purple gel comedi b noniz purple no mi no no did you come o purple gel comedi b nopurple no mi no no did he/she/it come onlar purple gel comedi b noler purple no mi no no did they come ben purple al takedı b nom purple no mı no did I take biz purple al takedı b nok purple no mı no did we take sen purple al takedı b non purple no mı no did you take siz purple al takedı b nonız purple no mı no did you take o purple al takedı b nopurple no mı no did he/she/it take onlar purple al takedı b nolar purple no mı no did they take ben purple gör seedü b nom purple no mü no did I see biz purple gör seedü b nok purple no mü no did we see sen purple gör seedü b non purple no mü no did you see siz purple gör seedü b nonüz purple no mü no did you see o purple gör seedü b nopurple no mü no did he/she/it see onlar purple gör seedü b noler purple no mü no did they see ben purple koş runtu b nom purple no mu no did I run biz purple koş runtu b nok purple no mu no did we run sen purple koş runtu b non purple no mu no did you run siz purple koş runtu b nonuz purple no mu no did you run o purple koş runtu b nopurple no mu no did he/she/it run onlar purple koş runtu b nolar purple no mu no did they run Negative gelmemek not to come ben purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b nom purple no mi no no didn't I come biz purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b nok purple no mi no no didn't we come sen purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b non purple no mi no no didn't you come siz purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b noniz purple no mi no no didn't you come o purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b nopurple no mi no no didn't he/she/it come onlar purple gel comeme #CD0000 nodi b noler purple no mi no no didn't they come almamak not to take ben purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nom purple no mı no didn't I take biz purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nok purple no mı no didn't we take sen purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b non purple no mı no didn't you take siz purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nonız purple no mı no didn't you take o purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nopurple no mı no didn't he/she/it take onlar purple al takema #CD0000 nodı b nolar purple no mı no didn't they take Irregular Verbs? The same rule is used for all of the Turkish verbs. There are no irregular verbs as in English. Usage Turkish/Reported Past Tense