411 REFERENCE · Wikibooks
Chess Opening Theory/1. e4/1...e5/2. Nf3/2...Nf6/3. Nxe5/3...Nxe4/4. Qe2/4...Qe7
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Kholmov gambit Damiano variation C42
4...Qe7 · Kholmov gambit
Black allow White to take their knight but prepares to pin White's knight.
White will be ahead a pawn if he simply accepts the knight, so 5. Qxe4 is almost universally played. This pins White's knight to their queen, so Black can recover the piece for the cost of the d-pawn. 5...d6 6. d4 dxe5 7. dxe5 Nc6+ and Black has partial compensation. White then usually gives back the pawn: if they cling onto it they can find themselves trapped.
History
The gambit is named for Russian grandmaster Ratmir Kholmov (1925―2006), though he is not known to have played it as Black. The misunderstanding may come from a misattribution of the game Kholmov v Belousov, 1974.Kholmov v Belousov, 1974 - Chessgames.comRatmir Kholmov https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=15362 2023-07-04 Chessgames.com
Theory table
all 5. Qxe4 d6 6. d4 dxe5 7. dxe5 Nc6 8. Nc3 Qxe5 9. Qxe5+ Nxe5 10. Bf4 Bd6 11. Bg3 h5 + Kholmov gambit
References
See also