Flora of New York/Myrtales

Geraniales Geraniales Geraniaceae Crossosomatales, Sapindales The order Myrtales is believed to have originated about 100 million years ago in either southeast Africa or Australasia. It contains the New York plant families Onagraceae (willowherb or evening primrose family), Lythraceae (loosestrife or pomegranate family), and Melastomataceae, which contains just two species found in New York. Family Onagraceae The Onagraceae (willowherb or evening primrose family)... Subfamily Ludwigioideae Ludwigia Ludwigia sect. Isnardia Ludwigia palustris kz01.jpg Ludwigia palustris Myrtales Onagraceae Ludwigioideae Ludwigia Isnardia Ludwigia Isnardia Primrose-willow 254 5 Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott 1753 Isnardia palustris L. 1803 Ludwigia nitida Michx. 1813 Isnardia nitida (Michx.) Poir. 1817 Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott 1935 Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott americana (DC.) Fernald & Griscom 1836 Isnardia ascendens J.Hall Water purslane Marsh seedbox Marsh primrose-willow Marsh purslane Water false loosestrife Ludwigie palustre Ludwigie des marais Native Secure 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb Sun 1965 5 Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott - water-purslane - Edges of ponds, lakes, and streams; wet depressions, vernal pools, swamps, and marshes. Grows predominately in open sites where the soils are saturated to seasonally inundated and the adjacent herbaceous vegetation is not dense or tall. It does particularly well in open exposed muddy edges that result from water levels dropping. It can form dense extensive patches. LUPA NN 6806 Ludwigia/palustris 27336 400263 LUPA Ludwigia+palustris Ludwigia%20palustris Ludwigia palustris nymap.svg Starr 070515-7067 Ludwigia palustris.jpg Ludwigia Isnardia Primrose-willow 254 X (excluded taxa) Ludwigia polycarpa Short & R.Peter Many-fruit seedbox N. America native Excluded X 338 EXCLUDED 6807 nymap.svg Ludwigia polycarpa.jpg Ludwigia sect. Ludwigia Myrtales Onagraceae Ludwigioideae Ludwigia Ludwigia Ludwigia Ludwigia Primrose-willow 254 5 Ludwigia alternifolia L. 1753 Ludwigia alternifolia L. 1828 Isnardia alternifolia (L.) DC. Bushy seedbox Rattlebox Seedbox Square-pod water-primrose Ludwigie à feuilles alternes Native Likely secure 6 OBL FACW Perennial Herb-forb 1964 4 LUAL2 NN 6805 ludwigia/alternifolia 316902 23200174 Ludwigia alternifolia nymap.svg Ludwigia alternifolia - Squarepod waterprimrose.jpg Ludwigia sect. Microcarpium Myrtales Onagraceae Ludwigioideae Ludwigia Microcarpium Ludwigia Microcarpium Primrose-willow 254 5 Ludwigia sphaerocarpa Elliott 1817 Ludwigia sphaerocarpa Elliott 1828 Isnardia sphaerocarpa (Elliott) DC. 1935 L. sphaerocarpa deamii Fernald & Griscom 1935 L. sphaerocarpa jungens Fernald & Griscom 1935 L. sphaerocarpa macrocarpa Fernald & Griscom Globe-fruited false-loosestrife Globefruit primrose-willow Round-pod water-primrose Native Threatened 9 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1967 2 LUSP N0 27337 23200203 Ludwigia sphaerocarpa nymap.svg Ludwigia sphaerocarpa AWP-SW.png Ludwigia sect. Jussiaea Ludwigia peploides Prague 2012 2.jpg Ludwigia peploides Ludwigia sect. Jussiaea (L.) Hoch, W.L.Wagner, & P.H.Raven was previously known as Ludwigia sect. Oligospermum.Peter C. Hoch, Warren L. Wagner, Peter Raven (2015). "The correct name for a section of Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae). PhytoKeys 50: 31-34. Myrtales Onagraceae Ludwigioideae Ludwigia Oligospermum Ludwigia Oligospermum Primrose-willow 254 5 Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H.Raven glabrescens (Kuntze) P.H. Raven 1891 Jussiaea repens L. glabrescens Kuntze 1953 Ludwigia adscendens (L.) H. Hara glabrescens (Kuntze) H. Hara 1963 Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H.Raven glabrescens (Kuntze) P.H. Raven 1964 Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) P.H.Raven glabrescens (Kuntze) Shinners auct Jussiaea diffusa Floating primrose-willow Floating seedbox Clovestrip Creeping water-primrose Introduced South America Southern U.S. Very highly invasive 89%Ludwigia peploides Very high 89 Prohibited OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1971 1? LUPEG2 N0 60220-Ludwigia-peploides 524268 400927 23200192 31673 Ludwigia peploides ssp glabrescens nymap.svg 3 counties 5 counties Ludwigia peploides 3.jpg Ludwigia hexapetala (Hook. & Arn.) Zardini, H.Y.Gu & P.H.Raven 1833 Jussiaea hexapetala Hook. & Arn. 1991 L. hexapetala (Hook. & Arn.) Zardini, H.Y.Gu & P.H.Raven 2000 L. grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet hexapetala (Hook. & Arn.) G.L.Nesom & Kartesz 2012 L. grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet hexapetala (Hook. & Arn.) D.B.Ward auct L. uruguayensis pp. (Cambess.) H.Hara Common water-primrose Uruguayan primrose-willow Uraguay waterprimrose Water-primrose Large-flower primrose-willow Introduced South America Southern U.S. Very highly invasive 88%Ludwigia peploides Very high 88 Prohibited OBL Perennial Herb-subshrub 6584 X LUGRH X0 as L. grandiflora ssp. hexapetala, not shown in NY 0 516153 419489 23201748 109148 Ludwigia hexapetala nymap.svg Ludwigia grandiflora saint-mathurin-sur-loire 49 10082007 4.JPG Ludwigia Oligospermum Primrose-willow 254 X (excluded taxa) Ludwigia grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet 1830 Jussiaea uruguayensis Cambess. 1953 L. uruguayensis (Cambess.) H. Hara 1987 L. grandiflora (Michx.) Greuter & Burdet Large-flower primrose-willow USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team 2017 Introduced South America Southern U.S. Excluded X 336 EXCLUDED LUGR9 X 419488 109148 nymap.svg Ludwigia grandiflora saint-mathurin-sur-loire 49 10082007 5.JPG Ludwigia peploides peploides Floating primrose-willow USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team Water primrose CABI:2015 N. America native southwest Excluded X 337 EXCLUDED LUPEP2 N0 31673 nymap.svg Ludwigia peploides peploides-5.jpg Subfamily Onagroideae Tribe Circaeeae Circaea Circaea (Enchanter's-nightshade) David Edward Boufford (2005) "Circaea lutetiana sensu lato (Onagraceae) reconsidered." Harvard Papers in Botany 9(2):255-256. Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Circaeeae Circaea Circaea Enchanter's-nightshade 644 3 Circaea canadensis (L.) Hill 1753 C. lutetiana canadensis L. 1756 C. latifolia Hill nom. illeg. 1765 C. canadensis (L.) Hill 1870 C. lutetiana canadensis (L.) Aschers. & Magnus 1939 C. quadrisulcata canadensis (L.) H. Hara 1945 C. canadensis virginiana Fernald 1982 C. quadrisulcata canadensis (L.) Á. Löve & D. Löve 2005 C. canadensis canadensis Autonym Eastern enchanter's nightshade Broadleaf enchanter's nightshade Broad-leaved enchanter's nightshade Canada enchanter's nightshade Circée du Canada Circée de Lutèce Native Secure 5 FACU Perennial Herb-forb Part shade 1962 5 Circaea canadensis (L.) Hill - eastern enchanter's nightshade - Native, Secure CILUC N Circaea lutetiana L. subsp. canadensis (L.) Asch. & Magnus - broadleaf enchanter's nightshade 6749 circaea/canadensis 836052 404433 23201328 CILUC Circaea canadensis nymap.svg Circaea canadensis SS-001.jpg Circaea alpina L. alpina 1753 Circaea alpina L. 1841 C. lutetiana alpina (L.) Torr. 1898 C. lutetiana alpina (L.) H.Lév. 1912 C. caulescens alpina H.Lév. 1934 C. caulescens glabra H.Hara 1934 C. caulescens rosulata H.Hara 1934 C. caulescens ramosissima H.Hara Dwarf enchanter's nightshade Northern enchanter's nightshade Small enchanter's nightshade Circée alpine Circée des Alpes Native Secure 8 FACW Perennial Herb-forb 1955 5 Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Oswe-Wayn CIALA N Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Oswe-Chen 6746 circaea/alpina 27564 23200006 CIALA Circaea%20alpina Circaea alpina nymap.svg Circaea alpina kz.jpg Circaea × sterilis Boufford Circaea alpina Circaea canadensis 2005 Circaea ×‌ sterilis Boufford auct C. × intermedia Ehrh. auct C. canadensis sensu Fernald Sterile enchanter's-nightshade Intermediate enchanter's nightshade Circée de Fernald VASCAN: Marie-Victorin 1995 Circée intermédiaire VASCAN: TelaBotanica Circée de Fernald Circée intermédiaire Native Threatened 1963 2 Tomp-Onei-Otse-Erie-Hami CIIN4 N Tomp-Onei-Otse-Erie-Hami 6750 circaea/canadensis 50305639 Circaea+x+sterilis Circaea%20X%20sterilis Circaea × sterilis nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Circaea Enchanter's-nightshade 644 X (excluded taxa) Circaea × intermedia Ehrh. (pro. sp.) Circaea alpina ssp. alpina Circaea lutetiana 1789 Circaea intermedia Ehrh. 1806 C. lutetiana L. intermedia (Ehrh.) Hornem. 1828 C. alpina L. intermedia (Ehrh.) DC. 1901 C. lutetiana L. intermedia (Ehrh.) Rouy & E.G.Camus auct C. canadensis sensu Fernald Intermediate enchanter's-nightshade Enchanter's-nightshade N. America native Excluded FACU X 335 EXCLUDED CIIN4 NN nymap.svg Ny hybrid.svg Tribe Epilobieae The Epilobieae comprise the fireweeds and willowherbs, which roughly correspond to the sister genera Chamaenerion and Epilobium, respectively. Differences between these two genera include: CharacteristicChamaenerion (fireweed)Epilobium (willowherb)Leaf arrangementspiral mostly oppositeFlower symmetryzygomorphic (bilateral)mostly radialFloral tubeabsent present Notch in the petalsabsent present Chamaenerion Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Epilobieae Chamaenerion Chamaenerion Fireweed 1031 1 Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. circumvagum (Mosquin) Moldenke 1847 Epilobium angustifolium L. canescens Alph. Wood 1966 Epilobium angustifolium L. circumvagum Mosquin 1973 Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. circumvagum (Mosquin) Moldenke 1999 Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub circumvagum (Mosquin) Hoch Fireweed NYFA: 2017 / USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 Narrow-leaved fireweed Flora Novae Angliae: 2017 Wandering fireweed VASCAN:Anions Épilobe vagabond VASCAN:Favreau Native Secure 1973 5 CHANC NN 29498 chamerion/angustifolium 566020 466424 23202028 Chamerion angustifolium ssp circumvagum NY-dist-map.png Fireweed plant in the Yukon.jpg Chamaenerion Fireweed 1031 X (excluded taxa) Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. angustifolium 1753 Epilobium angustifolium L. 1771 Chamaenerion angustifolium (L.) Scop. 1778 Epilobium spicatum Lam. 1821 Chamaenerion spicatum (Lam.) Gray 1916 Pyrogennema angustifolium (L.) Lunell 1972 Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub Fireweed NYFA: 2017 / USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 Narrow-leaved fireweed Flora Novae Angliae: 2017 Épilobe à feuilles étroites Herbe-à-feu Asperge Bouquets rouges Épilobe en épi N. America native Excluded X EXCLUDED 29497 466425 nymap.svg Fireweed flowers (3283299468).jpg Epilobium Epilobium ciliatum 3655.jpg Epilobium ciliatum Plants of the genus Epilobium often go by the common name willowherb because of their willow-shaped leaves and herbaceous habits. Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Epilobieae Epilobium Epilobium Epilobium Willowherb 32 9 Epilobium coloratum Biehler 1807 Epilobium coloratum Biehler Eastern willow-herb Purpleleaf willowherb Purple-veined willowherb Cinnamon willow-herb Willowweed Épilobe coloré Native Secure 2 OBL FACW Perennial Herb-forb S5, G5 1970 5 Epilobium coloratum Biehler - eastern willow-herb - Marshes, springy soils on edges of ponds and lakes, stream sides, cobble and gravel bars in streams, wet thickets, ditches, and openings in swamps. Grows in very similar habitat to E. ciliatum ssp. ciliatum and the two often grow together although E. coloratum is more common in warmer and southern parts of New York. EPCO NN 6769 epilobium/coloratum 27298 23200127 Epilobium coloratum (3273833991).jpg Epilobium ciliatum Raf. ciliatum 1808. Epilobium ciliatum Raf. in Med. Repos. 2(5):361 1879. Epilobium chilense Hausskn. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 29:118 1879. Epilobium valdiviense Hausskn. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 29:118 1879. Epilobium adenocaulon Hausskn. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 29:119 1918. Epilobium glandulosum var. adenocaulon (Hausskn.) Fernald in Rhodora 20:35 Fringed willow-herb Northern willow-herb Hairy willow-herb American willow-herb Coast willowweed Épilobe cilié Native Secure 3 FACW FAC Perennial Herb-forb S5, G5-T5 1968 5 Marshes, springy soils on edges of ponds and lakes, stream sides, cobble and gravel bars in streams, wet thickets, ditches, and openings in swamps. Grows in very similar habitat to E. coloratum and the two often grow together although E. ciliatum ssp. ciliatum is more common in cooler and northern parts of New York. EPCIC NN 6762 epilobium/ciliatum 27294 450340 23200033 Epilobium ciliatum ssp ciliatum NY-dist-map.png Epilobium ciliatum 3757.jpg Epilobium × wisconsinense Ugente E. ciliatum ssp. ciliatum E. coloratum E. × wisconsinense Ugente Wisconsin hybrid willow-herb Wisconsin willow-herb Fringed willow-herb Eastern willow-herb Épilobe du Wisconsin Native unranked Perennial Herb-forb SNA 7365 U Wisconsin hybrid willow-herb EPWI NN 6795 502330 nymap.svg Otsego (1919) Ny hybrid.svg Epilobium leptophyllum Raf. 1813 E. rosmarinifolium Pursh 1814 E. leptophyllum Raf. 1918 E. densum nesophilum Fernald 1925 E. nesophilum Fernald 1966 E. palustre sabulonense Boivin 1988 E. palustre gracile Dorn Bog willowherb Linearleaf willowherb Linear-leaved willow-herb Narrow-leaved willowherb Épilobe leptophylle Épilobe à feuilles étroites Native Secure 7 OBL FACW Perennial Herb-forb 1957 5 EPLE2 NN 6782 epilobium/leptophyllum 27311 23200141 Epilobium leptophyllum (21489028012).jpg Epilobium strictum Muhl. ex Spreng. 1813 Epilobium strictum Muhl. 1814 E. densum Raf. 1825 E. strictum Muhl. ex Spreng. Downy willow-herb Northeastern willowherb Soft willowherb Épilobe dressé Épilobe étroite Native Secure 8 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1959 5 EPST NN 6792 epilobium/strictum 27326 Epilobium strictum iNat-4651657.jpg Epilobium palustre L. 1753 Epilobium palustre L. 1771 Chamaenerion palustre Scop. 1803 E. oliganthum Michx. 1813 E. lineare Muhl. illeg. 1900 E. wyomingense A.Nelson 1925 E. pylaieanum Fernald Marsh willow-herb Swamp willowherb Épilobe palustre Épilobe des marais Native Likely secure 7 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1956 4 EPPA NN 6788 epilobium/palustre 457215 23200043 Epilobium palustre.jpeg Epilobium hornemannii Rchb. hornemannii 1810 E. nutans Hornem. illeg. 1824 E. hornemannii Rchb. 1827 E. alpinum nutans Hornem. 1879 E. bongardii Hausskn. 1887 E. alsineifolium hornemannii Lange 1900 E. foucaudianum H.Lév. 1918 E. steckerianum Fernald Hornemann's willowherb Alpine willow-herb Épilobe de Hornemann Épilobe d'Hornemann Native Endangered 133715 Epilobium hornemannii ssp. hornemannii Endangered S1 G5T5 10 FACW Perennial Herb-forb 6580 1 EPHOH NN 6779 epilobium/hornemannii 27307 450338 Epilobium hornemannii Rchb. (sspp. not listed) 23200038 Epilobium+hornemannii+ssp.+hornemannii 611932-1 Epilobium hornemannii ssp hornemannii nymap.svg Epilobium hornemannii ssp. hornemannii 2014.07.26.jpg Epilobium hirsutum L. 1753 Epilobium hirsutum L. Great hairy willow-herb NYFA: 2017 / VASCAN: Hinds 2000 Great willow-herb ARS-GRIN: Botanical Society of the British Isles (BSBI) 2007 Hairy willow herb ITIS: Flora of North America Expertise Network 2011 Hairy willowherb Tropicos: Canada Weed Committee. 1969. Comm. bot. nam. weeds Canada / VASCAN: Darbyshire et al. 2000 Hairy willow-herb Tropicos: L.Brako, A.Y.Rossman & D.F.Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names Hairy willow-weed Tropicos: L.Brako, A.Y.Rossman & D.F.Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names Codlins and cream USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 / ITIS: Flora of North America Expertise Network 2011 / VASCAN: Kartesz & Meacham, 1999 Fireweed Willow-herb Tropicos: L.Brako, A.Y.Rossman & D.F.Farr. 1995. Sci. Comm. Names Épilobe hirsute Épilobe hérissé Introduced Eurasia, Africa Moderately invasive FACW Perennial Herb-forb 63%Epilobium hirsutum High 63 first 6579 X EPHI XX 6776 epilobium/hirsutum 27305 417511 23200135 Epilobium hirsutum jfg.jpg Epilobium parviflorum Schreb. 1771 Chamaenerion parviflorum Schreb. 1771 E. parviflorum Schreb. 1778 E. molle Lam. non Torr. Smallflower hairy willowherb Hoary willowherb Épilobe à petites fleurs Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Potentially invasive 1099 OBL FACW Perennial Herb-forb 6581 X EPPA5 XX 6789 epilobium/parviflorum 27321 27836 23200151 Epilobium+parviflorum Epilobium parviflorum nymap.svg Epilobium parviflorum korseby.jpeg Epilobium Epilobium Willowherb 32 X (excluded taxa) Epilobium ciliatum Raf. glandulosum (Lehm.) Hoch & P.H.Raven E. glandulosum Lehm. E. glandulosum Lehm. cardiophyllum Fernald E. ciliatum Raf. glandulosum (Lehm.) Hoch & P.H.Raven Glandualar willowherb VASCAN(acc): Harms 2006 / ARS-GRIN: Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) (Aust Pl Common Names) 2011 Fringed willowherb USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 American willowherb ARS-GRIN: Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist (Glea Cron ed2) 1995 Épilobe glanduleux VASCAN(acc): Marie-Victorin 1995 Épilobe glanduleuse VASCAN(syn): Louis-Marie, 1953 N. America native Excluded X 341 EXCLUDED EPCIG NN 6765 Epilobium/ciliatum 465497 92463-2 nymap.svg Epilobium ciliatum ssp glandulosum NRCS-01.jpg Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam. Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre de Monnet de Lamarck (1744-1829). Encyclopédie Méthodique, Botanique 2(1):376. 1786. 1753 E. alpinum L. nom. utique rejic. under ICBN Art. 56 1786 E. anagallidifolium Lam. 1906 E. dielsii H.Lév. 1911 E. nakahararum Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 1911, xxv:149. as nakaharanum Pimpernel willowherb USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 / ITIS: Onagraceae of North America Update 2011 / VASCAN(syn): ITIS 2010 Pimpernel willow-herb Flora Novae Angliae: 2017 Alpine willowherb ITIS: Onagraceae of North America Update 2011 / VASCAN(acc): ITIS 2010 Alpine willowweed ITIS: Onagraceae of North America Update 2011 Épilobe à feuilles de mouron VASCAN(acc): Blondeau & Roy 2004 Épilobe à feuilles d'anagallide VASCAN(syn): Porsild 1974 N. America native Excluded X 342 EXCLUDED EPAN4 NN Epilobium anagallidifolium Lam. 6759 epilobium/anagallidifolium 27283 23200030 nymap.svg Epilobium anagallidifolium, Vallée du Marcadau 18.jpg Tribe Onagreae Oenothera Oenothera is represented by about 16 species of sundrops and evening primroses in New York. Here it is broken down into sections and subsections, according to the Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Oenothera sect. Kneiffia Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Kneiffia Oenothera Kneiffia Sundrops 640 15 Oenothera perennis L. 1759 Oenothera perennis L. 1762 Oenothera pumila L. 1835 Kneiffia pumila (L.) Spach 1836 Oenothera gracilis Schrad. ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey. 1919 Kneiffia perennis (L.) Pennell Small sundrops Little evening primrose Perennial evening primrose Perennial sundrops Small evening primrose Sundrops Onagre vivace Onagre pérennante Native Secure 2 FAC Perennial Herb-forb 1972 5 OEPE NN Protected: IL, IN, IA, KY 6825 Oenothera/perennis 27372 100616 23200224 nymap.svg Oenothera perennis (4252101042).jpg Oenothera fruticosa L. tetragona (Roth) W.L. Wagner 1800 Oenothera tetragona Roth 1803 Oenothera glauca Michx. 1835 Kneiffia glauca (Michx.) Spach 1919 Kneiffia tetragona (Roth) Pennell 2014 O. fruticosa tetragona (Roth) W.L. Wagner Northern sundrops Shrubby evening primrose Narrow-leaved sundrops Narrowleaf evening primrose Onagre tétragone Native Likely secure 10 FAC FACU Perennial Herb-forb 1969 4 OEFRT NN 28435 Oenothera/fruticosa 524358 100631 100402310 OEFRG Oenothera%20fruticosa nymap.svg Oenothera tetragona02.jpg Oenothera fruticosa L. (1753) fruticosa 1753 Oenothera fruticosa L. 1835 Kneiffia suffruticosa Spach superfluous 1893 K. fruticosa (L.) Spach ex Raim. Southern sundrops Narrow-leaved sundrops Narrowleaf evening primrose Native Vulnerable 7 FAC FACU Perennial Herb-forb 1976 3? OEFRF N0 524357 25527 23200110 OEFRF Oenothera%20fruticosa nymap.svg Oenothera fruticosa Cumberland Plateau.jpg Oenothera pilosella Raf. pilosella 1820 Oenothera pilosella Raf. 1894 Kneiffia fruticosa pilosella (Raf.) Britton 1903 Kneiffia pratensis Small 1908 Oenothera pratensis B.L.Rob. Prairie sundrops Meadow sundrops Meadow evening primrose Prairie evening primrose Pilose evening primrose Finely-pilose evening primrose Onagre piloselle Native Unranked 2 FAC Perennial Herb-forb 1975 U Rich open calcareous wetlands. OEPI2 NN 6827 oenothera/pilosella 27406 OEPI2 Oenothera%20pilosella nymap.svg Oenothera pilosella NRCS-03.jpg Oenothera sect. Oenothera subsect. Oenothera Oenothera biennis ENBLA10.jpg Oenothera bienniscommon evening-primrose Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Oenothera Oenothera Oenothera Oenothera Oenothera Evening-primrose 640 15 Oenothera biennis L. 1753 Oenothera biennis L. 1767 Oenothera muricata L. 1771 Onagra biennis (L.) Scop. 1794 Onagra muricata (L.) Moench 1913 Oenothera pycnocarpa G.F.Atk.& Bartlett Common evening-primrose Yellow evening-primrose Hoary evening-primrose Wild evening-primrose German rampion Candlestick Onagre bisannuelle Herbe aux ânes Onagre de Victorin Native Secure 1 Biennial Herb 6585 5 OEBI NN 6808 Oenothera/biennis 27368 25521 23200540 nymap.svg 20160729Oenothera biennis2.jpg Oenothera parviflora L. 1759 Oenothera parviflora L. 1832 O. cruciata Nutt. ex G. Don 1840 O. biennis L. parviflora (L.) Torr. & A.Gray 1913 O. angustissima R.R.Gates 1914 O. atrovirens Shull & Bartlett 1924 O. parviflora L. angustissima (R.R. Gates) Wiegand 1965 O. parviflora L. angustissima (R.R. Gates) Munz 1971 O. lipsiensis Rostanski & Gutte Small-flowered evening-primrose Canada Weed Committee. 1969. Common and botanical names of weeds in Canada 1–67. / Brako, L., A.Y. Rossman & D.F. Farr. 1995. Scientific and Common Names of 7,000 Vascular Plants in the United States 1–294. Northern evening-primrose USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team Least evening primrose VASCAN Native Secure 0 Biennial Herb 1966 5 OEPA5 NN 6824 Oenothera/parviflora 100537 23200223 Oenothera%20parviflora nymap.svg Oenothera biennis (2).jpg Oenothera oakesiana (A. Gray) J.W.Robbins ex S.Watson & J.M.Coult. 1867 Oenothera biennis L. oakesiana A.Gray 1890 Oenothera oakesiana (A.Gray) J.W.Robbins ex S.Watson & J.M.Coult. 1894 Onagra oakesiana (A.Gray) Britton 1949 Oenothera parviflora L. oakesiana (A.Gray) Fernald Oakes' evening primrose Oakes' evening-primrose Onagre d'Oakes Native Threatened 1 1960 2 OEOA NN 100536 nymap.svg Dünen-Nachtkerze 1.JPG Oenothera glazioviana Garden evening primrose 2021 NYFA Large-flowered evening-primrose 2021 NatureServe, iNaturalist Redsepal evening-primrose Showy evening-primrose Introduced Not naturalized Potentially invasive 14148 X Biennial Herb-forb SNA 2.149721/Oenothera_glazioviana Exotic, GNR 6586 Xm OEGL XX Oenothera/glazioviana 62208-Oenothera-glazioviana nymap.svg 3 counties 1 county Oenothera glazioviana - Redsepal evening primrose 06.JPG Oenothera villosa Thunb. villosa Hairy evening-primrose Introduced N. America native Unk. naturalization Biennial Herb 6589 Xu OEVIV NN nymap.svg Oenothera villosa (4941688651).jpg Oenothera Oenothera Oenothera Evening-primrose 640 X (excluded taxa) Oenothera elata Kunth hirsutissima (A.Gray ex S.Watson) W.Dietr. 1873 Oe. biennis L. hirsutissima A.Gray ex S.Watson 1983 Oe. elata Kunth hirsutissima (A.Gray ex S.Watson) W.Dietr. Hooker's evening primrose USDA-NRCS: 2017 N. America native western N. America Excluded X EXCLUDED OEELH N0 6811 317169 Excluded nymap.svg Oenothera elata hookeri 2.jpg Oenothera grandiflora LʼHér. 1789 Oenothera grandiflora LʼHér. 1828 Oenothera lamarckiana Ser. Largeflower evening primrose USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team N. America native southeast Excluded X 873 EXCLUDED OEGR4 NX Excluded nymap.svg Oenothera sect. Oenothera subsect. Raimannia Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Oenothera Raimannia Oenothera Oenothera Raimannia Evening-primrose 640 15 Oenothera laciniata Hill (1767) Cutleaf evening primrose Cut-leaf evening-primrose Cut-leaved evening-primrose Native Endangered 6089 1 FACU Perennial Herb-forb 2.147752/Oenothera_laciniata S1, G5 6587 1 OELA NX 78243-Oenothera-laciniata 300403 nymap.svg 14 counties 6 counties Oenothera laciniata 04.jpg Oenothera grandis Smyth 1899 Oenothera grandis Smyth Showy evening-primrose Introduced Not naturalized SNA 2.148745/Oenothera_grandis Exotic, G5 1974 U OEGR2 NN 0 165797-Oenothera-grandis 100533 23200568 Oenothera%20grandis nymap.svg Chemung only no observations Oenothera grandis NRCS-1.jpg Oenothera sect. Oenothera subsect. Candela Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Oenothera Candela Oenothera Oenothera Candela Evening-primrose 640 15 Oenothera clelandii W.Dietr., P.H.Raven & W.L.Wagner Cleland's evening-primrose Lesser four-point evening-primrose Introduced Naturalized 7091 X 165788-Oenothera-clelandii nymap.svg 3 counties no observations Oclelandii.jpg Oenothera Oenothera Candela Evening-primrose 640 X (excluded taxa) Oenothera rhombipetala Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray Fourpoint evening-primrose Four-point evening-primrose N. America native Excluded X 766 565330 100538 nymap.svg Oenothera rhombipetala B1IMG0047.jpg Oenothera sect. Kleinia Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Kleinia Oenothera Kleinia Evening-primrose 640 1 Oenothera albicaulis Pursh 1813 Oenothera albicaulis Pursh 1835 Agnora pinnatifida (Nutt.) Spach 1894 Anogra albicaulis (Pursh) Britton White-stemmed evening primrose Whitest evening-primrose Prairie evening-primrose Introduced western US N. America native Annual Herb-forb 1961 X OEAL N0 0 0 316760 23200535 Oenothera%20albicaulis nymap.svg Oenothera albicaulis NPS-01a.jpg Oenothera sect. Lavauxia Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Lavauxia Oenothera Lavauxia Lavauxia Evening-primrose 640 15 Oenothera triloba Stemless evening-primrose Introduced southern US N. America native 7092 X OETR2 N0 nymap.svg Oenothera triloba varecristata (15335121753).jpg Oenothera sect. Megapterium Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Megapterium Oenothera Megapterium Sundrops 640 15 Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. 1813 Oenothera macrocarpa Nutt. 1813 Oenothera missouriensis Sims Ozark sundrops Introduced N. America native No reports 0 X Not reported in New York OEMA N0 100623 Oenothera+macrocarpa Oenothera%20macrocarpa nymap.svg Bigfruit Evening Primrose - Flickr - treegrow.jpg Oenothera sect. Hartmannia Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Hartmannia Oenothera Hartmannia Primrose 640 0 Oenothera speciosa Showy primrose Introduced N. America native No reports 0 X 0 70465 Oenothera+speciosa Oenothera%20speciosa nymap.svg Oenothera speciosa2.jpg Oenothera, sect. Gaura Most of the genus Gaura was transferred to Oenothera sect. Gaura in 2007.Warren L. Wagner, P. C. Hoch, P. H. Raven (2007) "Revised Classification of the Onagraceae." Systematic Botany Monographs, 83: 1-240 Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Oenothera Gaura Oenothera Gaura Gaura Beeblossom 861 2 Oenothera gaura W.L.Wagner & Hoch 1753 Gaura biennis L. 2007 Oenothera gaura W.L.Wagner & Hoch Biennial beeblossom Biennial gaura Gaura bisannuel Gaura bisannuelle Introduced N. America native 6582 X as Gaura biennis GABI2 NN as Gaura biennis oenothera/gaura 27642 458521 Oenothera%20gaura nymap.svg Gaura biennis 04.jpg Oenothera filiformis (Small) W.L.Wagner & Hoch 1835 Gaura longiflora Spach 1840 Gaura biennis pitcheri Torr. & A.Gray 1898 Gaura filiformis Small 2007 Oenothera filiformis W.L.Wagner & Hoch Longflower beeblossom Long-flowered gaura Large-flower gaura Gaura à fleurs longues Introduced Midwest N. America native 0 0 GALO3 NN Gaura longiflora Spach 6798 oenothera/filiformis 835994 466816 50313848 77092905-1 nymap.svg Oenothera filiformis HXC002635.png Oenothera Gaura Campogaura Beeblossom 861 1 Oenothera suffrutescens (Ser.) W.L.Wagner & Hoch 1813 Gaura coccinea Nutt. ex Pursh 1816 Gaura odorata Sessé ex Lag. 1828 Gaura suffrutescens Ser. 2007 Oenothera suffrutescens W.L.Wagner & Hoch Scarlet beeblossom Scarlet gaura Scarlet butterfly plant Wild honeysuckle Gaura écarlate Introduced western N. America N. America native Impersistent Not naturalized Perennial Herb-forb 6583 Xm OESU3 NN 6797 0 458522 OESU3 Oenothera%20suffrutescens Oenothera suffrutescens nymap.svg Gaura coccinea 6.jpg Oenothera Gaura Stipogaura Beeblossom 861 X (excluded taxa) Oenothera sinuosa W.L.Wagner & Hoch 1828 Gaura sinuata Nutt. ex Ser. 2007 O. sinuosa W.L.Wagner & Hoch Wavyleaf beeblossom USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team: 2017 / ITIS: 2017 Wavyleaf gaura ARS-GRIN: J.C.Hickman, ed. (F CalifJep) 1994 N. America native southern U.S. Mexico Excluded X 339 EXCLUDED OESI3 N0 835988 458530 nymap.svg Oenothera sinuosa NPS-01.jpg Camissonia Myrtales Onagraceae Onagroideae Onagreae Camissonia Camissonia Link Sundrops 1225 X (excluded taxa) Camissonia contorta (Douglas) Kearney 1832 Oenothera contorta Douglas Not Douglas ex Lehm. since ''both the name and its validating diagnosis were simultaneously ascribed to Douglas, so he is the author of the name (see Melbourne ICN Art. 46, Ex. 9) - ARS-GRIN Taxon: Oenothera contorta Douglas. 1894 C. contorta (Douglas) Kearney Plains evening primrose N. America native western N.Am. Excluded X 343 EXCLUDED CACO34 NN Camissonia contorta (Douglas ex Lehm.) Kearney 100612 nymap.svg JEPS109345 Camissonia contorta (5554012778).jpg Family Lythraceae The Lythraceae (loosestrife or pomegranate family)...LythraceaeShirley A. Graham, Jocelyn Hall, Kenneth Sytsma, Su-hua Shi (2005) Phylogenetic Analysis of the Lythraceae based on four gene regions and morphology. Int. J. Plant Sci. 166(6):995–1017. 2005 Subfamily Lagerstroemioideae Trapa Myrtales Lythraceae Lagerstroemioideae Trapa Trapa Water chestnut 65 1 Trapa natans L. 1753 Trapa natans L. 1815 Trapa bispinosa Roxb. 1897 Trapa natans bispinosa Makino Water chestnut European water chestnut Water caltrop Singhara nut Jesuit's-nut Châtaigne d'eau Macre Introduced Eurasia, Africa Very highly invasive 82%Trapa natans Very high 82 NE-1NE1 Annual Herb-forb 3039 X Trapa natans L. - water-chestnut - An invasive plant of ponds, lakes, bays, canals, and slow moving rivers with muddy bottoms. It is very common on the Hudson River and Mohawk River. This plant tends to grow in shallower water, rarely found in water deeper than 15 feet. TRNA XX 6609 trapa/natans 27170 36824 32400001 Trapa natans nymap.svg Trapa natans Prague 2012 1.jpg Lagerstroemia Lagerstroemia indica (40815387753).jpg Lagerstroemia indica Crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica) is planted in the southeastern part of New York State and is now listed as highly invasive, Tier 2, though it's not yet listed in the New York Flora Atlas. Myrtales Lythraceae Lagerstroemioideae Lagerstroemia Lagerstroemia Crape myrtle 0 Lagerstroemia indica L. 1759 Lagerstroemia indica L. Crape myrtle iMapInvasives Introduced southern Asia Highly invasive 6931 160934720/verbatim Invasive 2 nymap.svg Not listed 2 counties 2020-07-30 14 05 19 Crape Myrtle blossoms along Tranquility Court in the Franklin Farm section of Oak Hill, Virginia.jpg Subfamily Punicoideae Cuphea Clammy Cuphea, Cuphea viscosissima (aka Blue Waxweed), Jones Preserve, Washington, Virginia.jpg Cuphea viscosissimaclammy waxweed Myrtales Lythraceae Punicoideae Cuphea Cuphea Waxweed 997 1 Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. 1753 Lythrum petiolatum L. 1772 Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. 1881 Cuphea petiolata (L.) Koehne 1894 Parsonsia petiolata (L.) Rusby Blue waxweed Clammy waxweed Clammy cuphea Tarweed Cuphéa visqueux Cuphéa Native Likely secure 1 FAC FACU Annual Herb-forb 1891 4 CUVI NX Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. - Exotic in Canada 6601 Cuphea/viscosissima 501842 311255 CUVI Cuphea viscosissima-IMG 4224 (cropped).jpg Rotala Myrtales Lythraceae Punicoideae Rotala Rotala Rotala 213 1 Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne Toothcup Lowland rotala Native Threatened 10 OBL Annual Herb-forb 1890 2 RORA NN 27115 nymap.svg Rotala ramosior NRCS-4.jpg Subfamily Lythroideae Lythrum salicaria, purple loosestrife 5.jpg Lythrum salicariapurple loosestrife The Lythroideae contains plants commonly known as loosestrife. This includes not only the widespread and highly invasive purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), but also three loosestrifes that are native to New York. Decodon Decodon verticillatus habit.JPG Decodon verticillatuswaterwillow Waterwillow or swamp loosestrife (Decodon verticillatus) is the only species of this genus. It occasionally forms wet thickets on the edges of lakes and ponds. Myrtales Lythraceae Lythroideae Decodon Decodon Swamp loosestrife 987 1 Decodon verticillatus (L.) Elliott 1753 Lythrum verticillatum L. 1821 D. verticillatus (L.) Elliott 1823 Nesaea verticillata (L.) Kunth Waterwillow Swamp loosestrife Hairy swamp loosestrife Swamp willowherb Water oleander Whorled loosestrife Décodon verticillé Décodent verticillé Native Secure 7 OBL 1893 5 DEVE NN 6602 Decodon/verticillatus 27076 417503 Decodon%20verticillatus nymap.svg Decodon verticillatus flower.JPG Lythrum Lythrum alatum (21110510183).jpg Lythrum alatumwinged loosestrife Myrtales Lythraceae Lythroideae Lythrum Lythrum Loosestrife 424 4 Lythrum alatum Pursh alatum Winged loosestrife Winged lythrum Native Secure 6577 5 LYALA4 NN Lythrum/alatum nymap.svg Lythrum alatum (20363896053).jpg Lythrum lineare L. Narrow loosestrife Saltmarsh loosestife Wand lythrum Native Endangered 1894 1 LYLI2 N0 Lythrum/lineare nymap.svg Lythrum lineare NRCS-001.jpg Lythrum hyssopifolia Hyssop loosestrife Grass poly Unknown nativity Potentially invasive 5970 1 OBL Herb-forb SNR, G5 1892 X Staten Island only LYHY3 LYHY3 XX Lythrum hyssopifolium Lythrum/hyssopifolia nymap.svg Richmond only 3 counties LythrumHyssopifolia2.jpg Lythrum salicaria L. Carl von Linnaeus (1707-1778) Species Plantarum 1: 446. 1 May 1753. 1753 Lythrum salicaria L. 1768 Lythrum tomentosum Mill 1813 L. salicaria L. tomentosum DC. 1828 L. salicaria L. vulgare DC. 1837 L. salicaria L. gracilior Turcz. Purple loosestrife Spiked loosestrife Bouguet-violet Purple lythrum Introduced Europe temperate Asia northern Africa Very highly invasive 91%Lythrum salicaria Very high 91 NE-1NE1 6576 X LYSA2 XX 6607 lythrum/salicaria 27079 23022 19200254 nymap.svg LythrumSalicaria.jpg Lythrum virgatum L. 1753 Lythrum virgatum L. European wand loosestrife Wanded loosestrife Purple loosestrife Introduced Europe Very highly invasive NYS Tier 1bLythrum virgatum Ecological Invasiveness Rank: Very High, Tier 1b. New York State Invasive Species Tiers. 2021 New York Natural Heritage Program. nymap.svg not listed no observations Lythrum virgatum sl21.jpg Family Melastomataceae Subamily Melastomatoideae Tribe Melastomateae Rhexia Myrtales Melastomataceae Melastomatoideae Melastomateae Rhexia Rhexia Meadowbeauty 395 2 Rhexia virginica L. 1753 Rhexia virginica L. Virginia meadow-beauty Handsome Harry Native Likely secure 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb Sun - part shade 1909 4 Rhexia virginica L. - Pond and lake shores, edges of streams, and thickets in wet peaty or sandy soils. Primarily in full sun. - RHVI NN Rhexia/virginica RHVI Rhexia+virginica Rhexia%20virginica nymap.svg Rhexia virginica (9551628585).jpg Rhexia mariana L. mariana 1753 Rhexia mariana L. Maryland meadow-beauty Maryland meadowbeauty Native Likely extirpated Impersistent 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1910 Zm Rhexia mariana L. var. mariana - Maryland meadow-beauty - Not Persisting, Native - Apparently extirpated from New York State. RHMAM2 N0 416230 20302113 RHMAM2 nymap.svg Rhexia mariana flower UMFS.jpg