Digital Electronics/Data Encoder

Digital Encoder Introduction Digital Encoder is a Digital Device that uses binary number of n bit to represent a number of base ten . Binary number of n bit is called Binary Coded Decimal (BCD), a coding scheme used in digital to encode informations If there are two control lines A and B , we can have 4 4-bit-binary-numbers a3a2a1a0 which can be used to represent a number of base ten from 0 to 3 {| class="wikitable" width=50% ! A !! B !! a3 !! a2!! a1!! a0 !! Decimal Number |- | 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 |- | 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 2 |- | 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3 |- |} Digital Encoder Types BCD - Binary Coded Decimal In order to encode decimal number from 0 - 9 using Binary Coded Decimal Scheme , 10 4-bit-Binary-numbers are used {| class="wikitable" width=50% ! A !! B !! a3 !! a2!! a1!! a0 !! Decimal Number |- | 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 |- | 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 |- | 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 2 |- | 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 3 |- | 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 4 |- | 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 5 |- | 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 6 |- | 1 || 1 || 0 || 1 || 1 || 1 || 7 |- | 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 8 |- | 1 || 1 || 1 || 0 || 0 || 1 || 9 |- |} ASCII Code ASCII stands for American Standard Communication Information Interchange is the first standard introduced in North America for Information exchange . ASCII uses 7 bits Binary numbers to represent information in human language Number from 0 to 9 Capital A to Z Common a to z Code 0x20 (hexadecimal), the space character, denotes the space between words, as produced by the space-bar of a keyboard. The space character is considered an invisible graphic rather than a control character. Codes 0x21 to 0x7E, known as the printable characters, represent letters, digits, punctuation marks, and a few miscellaneous symbols. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; float:left;" |- !Binary !! Oct !! Dec !! Hex !! Glyph |- |010 0000 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 040 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 32 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 20 || space |- |010 0001 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 041 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 33 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 21 || ! |- |010 0010 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 042 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 34 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 22 || " |- |010 0011 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 043 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 35 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 23 || # |- |010 0100 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 044 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 36 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 24 || $ |- |010 0101 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 045 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 37 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 25 || % |- |010 0110 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 046 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 38 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 26 || & |- |010 0111 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 047 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 39 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 27 || ' |- |010 1000 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 050 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 40 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 28 || ( |- |010 1001 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 051 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 41 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 29 || ) |- |010 1010 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 052 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 42 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 2A || * |- |010 1011 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 053 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 43 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 2B || + |- |010 1100 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 054 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 44 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 2C || , |- |010 1101 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 055 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 45 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 2D || - |- |010 1110 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 056 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 46 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 2E || . |- |010 1111 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 057 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 47 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 2F || / |- |011 0000 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 060 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 48 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 30 || 0 |- |011 0001 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 061 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 49 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 31 || 1 |- |011 0010 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 062 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 50 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 32 || 2 |- |011 0011 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 063 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 51 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 33 || 3 |- |011 0100 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 064 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 52 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 34 || 4 |- |011 0101 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 065 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 53 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 35 || 5 |- |011 0110 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 066 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 54 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 36 || 6 |- |011 0111 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 067 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 55 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 37 || 7 |- |011 1000 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 070 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 56 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 38 || 8 |- |011 1001 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 071 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 57 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 39 || 9 |- |011 1010 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 072 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 58 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 3A || : |- |011 1011 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 073 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 59 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 3B || ; |- |011 1100 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 074 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 60 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 3C || < |- |011 1101 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 075 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 61 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 3D || = |- |011 1110 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 076 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 62 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 3E || > |- |011 1111 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 077 ||style="background:#CCFFFF;;"| 63 ||style="background:lightblue;;"| 3F || ? |} Binary Oct Dec Hex Glyph100 0000 100 64 40 @100 0001 101 65 41 A100 0010 102 66 42 B100 0011 103 67 43 C100 0100 104 68 44 D100 0101 105 69 45 E100 0110 106 70 46 F100 0111 107 71 47 G100 1000 110 72 48 H100 1001 111 73 49 I100 1010 112 74 4A J100 1011 113 75 4B K100 1100 114 76 4C L100 1101 115 77 4D M100 1110 116 78 4E N100 1111 117 79 4F O101 0000 120 80 50 P101 0001 121 81 51 Q101 0010 122 82 52 R101 0011 123 83 53 S101 0100 124 84 54 T101 0101 125 85 55 U101 0110 126 86 56 V101 0111 127 87 57 W101 1000 130 88 58 X101 1001 131 89 59 Y101 1010 132 90 5A Z101 1011 133 91 5B [101 1100 134 92 5C \101 1101 135 93 5D ]101 1110 136 94 5E ^101 1111 137 95 5F _ Binary Oct Dec Hex Glyph110 0000 140 96 60 `110 0001 141 97 61 a110 0010 142 98 62 b110 0011 143 99 63 c110 0100 144 100 64 d110 0101 145 101 65 e110 0110 146 102 66 f110 0111 147 103 67 g110 1000 150 104 68 h110 1001 151 105 69 i110 1010 152 106 6A j110 1011 153 107 6B k110 1100 154 108 6C l110 1101 155 109 6D m110 1110 156 110 6E n110 1111 157 111 6F o111 0000 160 112 70 p111 0001 161 113 71 q111 0010 162 114 72 r111 0011 163 115 73 s111 0100 164 116 74 t111 0101 165 117 75 u111 0110 166 118 76 v111 0111 167 119 77 w111 1000 170 120 78 x111 1001 171 121 79 y111 1010 172 122 7A z111 1011 173 123 7B {111 1100 174 124 7C |111 1101 175 125 7D }111 1110 176 126 7E ~ Reference