Punjabi/Numbers

__NOTOC__ 1500 Numbers between twenty and twenty nine are composed in English with recuring use of twenty such as twenty one, twenty two, twenty three etc. Similar recurrence in thirties, forties and so on and so forth makes it very easy to learn these numbers in English. Similar recurrence occurs in Punjabi after hundred. That makes it necessary to learn first hundred numbers of Punjabi by memorizing. Fortunately there are linguistic patterns in the series of numbers. The job of memorization is thus made easier to that extent. In this lesson you will learn the numbers in Punjabi. We will carry you through explaining these linguistic patterns. One to twenty numbers This session is devoted to learning numbers from one to twenty. First ten numbers are all irregular as is the case in English too and will be learnt by memorizing to help in spotting the linguistic patterns in later numbers. Once you have learned the first ten numbers you will be shown their correspondence with the next ten. ਇੱਕ = one ਦੋ = two ਤਿੰਨ = three ਚਾਰ = four ਪੰਜ = five ਛੇ = six ਸੱਤ = seven ਅੱਠ = eight ਨੌਂ = nine ਦਸ = ten So you have learnt the first ten numbers in Punjabi. The interesting part really begins now. As with English numbers one and eleven, ਇਕ and ਗਿਆਰਾਂ have no linguistic similarity. Absence of any linguistic similarity between ਦੋ and ਬਾਰਾਂ contrasts with presence of such similarity in English between two and twelve. But then onward until nineteen corrensponding pairs have similarity in both Punjabi and English. Now examine the following numbers and observe the strikingly similar features of Punjabi and English. ਗਿਆਰਾਂ = eleven ਬਾਰਾਂ = twelve ਤੇਰਾਂ = thirteen ਚੌਦਾਂ = fourteen ਪੰਦਰਾਂ = fifteen ਸੋਲ਼ਾਂ = sixteen ਸਤਾਰਾਂ = seventeen ਅਠਾਰਾਂ = eighteen ਉਨੀ = nineteen ਵੀਹ = twenty Numbers up to one hundred In the first session of this lesson you have already learnt numbers from one to twenty. In this session the remaining numbers up to hundred will be introduced at one go to enable you to study the patterns in the series of numbers. You will find linguistic patterns in the corresponding numbers in each series of ten numbers e.g. twenty one, thirty one, forty one and so on. We will examine these patterns once you have a close look at the number below. 1.ਇੱਕ11.ਗਿਆਰਾਂ21.ਇੱਕੀ31.ਇਕੱਤੀ41.ਇਕਤਾਲੀ51.ਇਕਵਿੰਜਾ61.ਇਕਾਠ71.ਇਕ੍ਹੱਤਰ81.ਇਕਾਸੀ91.ਇਕਾਨਵੇਂ 2.ਦੋ12.ਬਾਰਾਂ22.ਬਾਈ32.ਬੱਤੀ42.ਬਤਾਲੀ52.ਬਵਿੰਜਾ62.ਬਾਠ੍ਹ72.ਬਹੱਤਰ82.ਬਿਆਸੀ92.ਬਿਆਨਵੇਂ 3.ਤਿੰਨ13.ਤੇਰਾਂ23.ਤੇਈ33.ਤੇਤੀ 43.ਤਰਤਾਲੀ53.ਤਰਵਿੰਜਾ63.ਤਰੇਠ੍ਹ73.ਤਹੱਤਰ83.ਤਰਾਸੀ93.ਤਰਾਨਵੇਂ 4.ਚਾਰ14.ਚੌਦਾਂ24.ਚੌਵੀ34.ਚੌਂਤੀ44.ਚੌਤਾਲੀ54.ਚਰਿੰਜਾ64.ਚੌਠ੍ਹ74.ਚੌਹੱਤਰ84.ਚਰਾਸੀ94.ਚਰਾਨਵੇਂ 5.ਪੰਜ15.ਪੰਦਰਾਂ25.ਪੰਝੀ35.ਪੈਂਤੀ45.ਪੰਜਤਾਲੀ55.ਪਚਵਿੰਜਾ65.ਪੈਂਠ75.ਪੰਜੱਤਰ85.ਪੰਜਾਸੀ95.ਪਚਾਨਵੇਂ 6.ਛੇ16.ਸੋਲ਼ਾਂ26.ਛੱਬੀ36.ਛੱਤੀ46.ਛਿਆਲੀ56.ਛਪਿੰਜਾ66.ਛਿਆਠ76.ਛਿਹੱਤਰ86.ਛਿਆਸੀ96.ਛਿਆਨਵੇਂ 7.ਸੱਤ17.ਸਤਾਰਾਂ27.ਸਤਾਈ37.ਸੈਂਤੀ47.ਸੰਤਾਲੀ57.ਸਤਵਿੰਜਾ67.ਸਤਾਹਠ77.ਸਤੱਤਰ87.ਸਤਾਸੀ97.ਸਤਾਨਵੇਂ 8.ਅੱਠ18.ਅਠਾਰਾਂ28.ਅਠਾਈ38.ਅਠੱਤੀ48.ਅੱਠਤਾਲੀ58.ਅੱਠਵਿੰਜਾ68.ਅੱਠਾਠ78.ਅਠੱਤਰ88.ਅਠਾਸੀ98.ਅਠਾਨਵੇਂ 9.ਨੌਂ19.ਉਨੀ29.ਉਨੱਤੀ39.ਉਨਤਾਲੀ49.ਉਣਿੰਜਾ59.ਉਣਾਠ69.ਉਣੱਤਰ79.ਉਣਾਸੀ89.ਉਣਾਨਵੇਂ99.ਨਿੜਾਨਵੇਂ 10.ਦੱਸ20.ਵੀਹ30.ਤੀਹ40.ਚਾਲੀ50.ਪੰਜਾਹ60.ਸੱਠ70.ਸੱਤਰ80.ਅੱਸੀ90.ਨੱਬੇ100.ਸੌ Sure enough there is no need to get intimidated by this array of numbers. They are easy to learn with the help of linguistic patterns that the rows and columns of this table follow. We will help you learn them by explaining these linguistic patterns. Let us first examine the first row containing twenty one, thirty one.... These numbers are ਇੱਕੀ, ਇਕੱਤੀ, ਇਕਤਾਲੀ, ਇਕਵਿੰਜਾ, ਇਕਾਠ, ਇਕ੍ਹੱਤਰ, ਇਕਾਸੀ and ਇਕਆਨਵੇਂ You will note that each of these numbers is composed by combining ਇਕ, that is one with ਵੀਹ, ਤੀਹ etc. It is interesting to note that while one succeeds twenty, thirty etc. in English its equivalent ਇਕ precedes ਵੀਹ, ਤੀਹ etc. in Punjabi. Also when combining ਵੀਹ and ਇਕ, while ਇਕ comes first, ਵੀਹ becomes ਈ to yield ਇਕ + ਈ = ਇੱਕੀ. Similarly ਤੀਹ becomes ਤੀ, ਚਾਲੀ - ਤਾਲੀ, ਪੰਜਾਹ - ਵਿੰਜਾ, ਸੱਠ - ਠ, ਸੱਤਰ - ਤਰ, ਅੱਸੀ - ਸੀ and ਨੱਬੇ - ਆਨਵੇਂ. Like wise when ਇਕ combine with ਤੀਹ it yields ਇਕ + ਤੀ = ਇਕੱਤੀ or with say ਅੱਸੀ it yields ਇਕ + ਸੀ = ਇਕਾਸੀ. This pattern continues with ਦੋ, ਤਿੰਨ, ਚਾਰ, ਪੰਜ, ਛੇ, ਸੱਤ, ਅੱਠ, ਨੌਂ as well. Similar patterns are found in other series also. See the series of numbers ending with two. While two is ਦੋ in Punjabi all other numbers in this series start with ਬ. Here is the complete series ਦੋ, ਬਾਰਾਂ, ਬਾਈ, ਬੱਤੀ, ਬਤਾਲੀ, ਬਵਿੰਜਾ, ਬਾਠ੍ਹ, ਬਹੱਤਰ, ਬਿਆਸੀ, ਬਿਆਨਵੇਂ. Same goes for corresponding series of numbers ending with ਤਿੰਨ, ਚਾਰ, ਪੰਜ, ਛੇ, ਸੱਤ, ਅੱਠ, ਨੌਂ. Numbers larger than one hundred You have already learnt numbers from one to hundred. Higher numbers are formed by combining these basic numbers with some more numbers which we give hereunder ਸੌ = hundred ਹਜਾਰ = thousand ਲੱਖ = lac = one hundred thousand ਕਰੋੜ = crore = ten million ਅਰਬ = billion ਖਰਬ = hundred billion The following examples will show you how the numbers up to ninety-nine combine with hundred, thousand, lac, crore etc. to yield higher numbers. ਇੱਕ ਸੌ ਇੱਕ = one hundred one ਇੱਕ ਸੌ ਦੋ = one hundred two ਇੱਕ ਸੌ ਤਿੰਨ = one hundred three ........... ................ ਨੌਂ ਸੌ ਇੱਕ = nine hundred one ........... ਨੌਂ ਸੌ ਨਿੜੱਨਵੇਂ = nine hundred ninety nine ਹਜਾਰ = thousand ਇੱਕ ਹਜਾਰ ਇੱਕ = one thousand one ................ ................... ਇੱਕ ਹਜਾਰ ਇੱਕ ਸੌ ਇਕ = one thousand one hundred one ........................ ਨੌਂ ਹਜਾਰ ਨੌਂ ਸੌ ਨਿੜੱਨਵੇਂ = nine thousand nine hundred ninety nine and so on and so forth. Ordinal numbers If you have learned the above cardinal numbers you can move on to the following corresponding ordinal numbers. Here again that the first four ordinals can not be derived from the corresponding cardinals by any general formula but you will easily discern that the derivatives are closely related to their roots. The ordinal forms of later cardinals are obtained by adding ਵਾਂ to either the original form of the cardinal or after removing the last kanna. ਪਹਿਲਾ = first ਦੂਜਾ = second ਤੀਜਾ = third ਚੌਥਾ = fourth ਪੰਜਵਾਂ = fifth ਛੇਵਾਂ = sixth ਸੱਤਵਾਂ = seven ਅੱਠਵਾਂ = eight ਨੌਂਵਾਂ = nine ਦਸਵਾਂ = ten The rule of adding ਵਾਂ to either the original form of the cardinal or after removing the last kanna continues not only to the following numbers till twenty but thereafter as well. ਗਿਆਰਵਾਂ = eleventh ਬਾਰਵਾਂ = twelfth ਤੇਰਵਾਂ = thirteenth ਚੌਦਵਾਂ = fourteenth ਪੰਦਰਵਾਂ = fifteenth ਸੋਲ਼ਵਾਂ = sixteenth ਸਤਾਰਵਾਂ = seventeenth ਅਠਾਰਵਾਂ = eighteenth ਉਨੀਵਾਂ = nineteenth ਵੀਹਵਾਂ = twentieth Now we introduce the concept of gender in ordinal numbers. The cardinal numbers are of neuter gender. Now have a look at the ordinals ਪੰਜਵਾਂ to ਵੀਹਵਾਂ above. All of them end in ਵਾਂ. Even the first four also end with kanna. This form of number names ending in kanna or kanna with bindi is called a regular form and all of them are masculine. Their feminine form is obtained by replacing kanna with bihari. Thus ਪਹਿਲਾ becomes ਪਹਿਲੀ, ਦੂਜਾ - ਦੂਜੀ, ਤੀਜਾ - ਤੀਜੀ, ਚੌਥਾ - ਚੌਥੀ and ਪੰਜਵਾਂ - ਪੰਜਵੀਂ and so on and so forth. The following ordinals are provided for reference purposes only. There is no need to memorize them before proceeding. ਇੱਕੀਵਾਂ = twenty first ਬਾਹੀਵਾਂ = twenty second ਤੇਵੀਵਾਂ = twenty third ਚੌਵੀਵਾਂ = twenty fourth ਪੰਝੀਵਾਂ = twenty fifth ਛੱਬੀਵਾਂ = twenty sixth ਸਤਾਈਵਾਂ = twenty seventh ਅਠਾਈਵਾਂ = twenty eighth ਉਨੱਤੀਵਾਂ = twenty ninth ਤੀਹਵਾਂ = thirtieth ਇਕੱਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty first ਬੱਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty second ਤੇਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty third ਚੌਂਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty fourth ਪੈਂਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty fifth ਛੱਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty sixth ਸੈਂਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty seventh ਅਠੱਤੀਵਾਂ = thirty eighth ਉਣਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = thirty ninth ਚਾਲੀਵਾਂ = fortieth ਇਕਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty first ਬਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty second ਤਰਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty third ਚੌਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty fourth ਪੰਜਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty fifth ਛਿਆਲੀਵਾਂ = forty sixth ਸੰਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty seventh ਅੱਠਤਾਲੀਵਾਂ = forty eighth ਉਣਿੰਜਵਾਂ = forty ninth ਪੰਜਾਹਵਾਂ = fiftieth ਇਕਵਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty first ਬਵਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty second ਤਰਵਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty third ਚਰਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty fourth ਪਚਵਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty fifth ਛਪਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty sixth ਸਤਵਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty seventh ਅੱਠਵਿੰਜਵਾਂ = fifty eighth ਉਣਾਠਵਾਂ = fifty ninth ਸੱਠਵਾਂ = sixtieth ਇਕਾਠਵਾਂ = sixty first ਬਾਠਵਾਂ = sixty second ਤਰੇਠਵਾਂ = sixty third ਚੌਠਵਾਂ = sixty fourth ਪੈਂਠਵਾਂ = sixty fifth ਛਆਠਵਾਂ = sixty sixth ਸਤਾਠਵਾਂ = sixty seventh ਅੱਠਾਠਵਾਂ = sixty eighth ਉਣੱਤਰਵਾਂ = sixty ninth ਸੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventieth ਇਕ੍ਹੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy first ਬਹੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy second ਤਹੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy third ਚੌਹੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy fourth ਪੰਜੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy fifth ਛਿਹੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy sixth ਸਤੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy seventh ਅਠੱਤਰਵਾਂ = seventy eighth ਉਣਾਸੀਵਾਂ = seventy ninth ਅੱਸੀਵਾਂ = eightieth ਇਕਾਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty first ਬਿਆਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty second ਤਰਆਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty third ਚਰਾਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty fourth ਪੰਜਾਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty fifth ਛਿਆਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty sixth ਸਤਾਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty seventh ਅਠਾਸੀਵਾਂ = eighty eighth ਉਣਾਂਨਵਿਆਂ = eighty ninth ਨੱਬਵਿਆਂ = nintieth ਇਕਆਨਵੇਂ = ninety first ਬਿਆਨਵੇਂ = ninety second ਤਰਆਨਵੇਂ = ninety third ਚਰਾਨਵੇਂ = ninety fourth ਪਚਾਨਵੇਂ = ninety fifth ਛਿਆਨਵੇਂ = ninety sixth ਸਤਾਨਵੇਂ = ninety seventh ਅਠਾਨਵੇਂ = ninety eighth ਨਿੜੱਨਵੇਂ = ninety ninth ਸੌਆਂ = hundredth