Na'vi/Na'vi–English dictionary/glottal series

__NOTOC__ Re__i__ n </noinclude> ʼ vt ʼ amp i ˈʔam.pi . touch n ʼampirikx ˈʔam.pi.ɾikʼ FE leaf pitcher plant (rikx move) adj ʼango ʼago ˈʔa.ŋo . soft (of a sound) n ʼangtsìk ʼagcìk angtsìk ˈʔaŋ.tsɪk . Hammerhead Titanothere (a rhino-like animal) num ʼaw ˈʔau̯ . one adv ʼawlie ʔau̯.ˈli.ɛ . once (in the past) adv ʼawlo ˈʔau̯.lo FE once, one time (now or in the future) (alo a turn) pn ʼawpo awpo? ˈʔau̯.po . an individual n tìʼawpo tɪ.ˈʔau̯.po . individuality, self-centeredness, selfishness adv ʼawsiteng ʼawsiteg ʔau̯.si.ˈtɛŋ . together vt ʼawstengy em ʼawstegyem ʔau̯.stɛŋ.ˈjɛm . join (yem put) adj ʼawve ˈʔau̯.vɛ . first adv nìʼawve nɪ.ˈʔau̯.vɛ . first n, adv trrʼawve tr̩.ˈʔau̯.vɛ . Sunday adj keʼaw kɛ.ˈʔau̯ FE divided pref kaw ˈkau̯ . no- (see kaw-) adv nìʼaw nɪ.ˈʔau̯ . only adv nìʼawtu nɪ.ˈʔau̯.tu . alone ("as one person") num volaw vo.ˈlau̯ . nine (octal 11) n ʼawkx awkx ˈʔau̯kʼ . cliff n ʼawm awm ˈʔau̯m . camp n tìʼawm tɪ.ˈʔau̯m . camping v tìʼawm s i tɪ.ˈʔau̯m si . to camp n ʼäʼo äʼo ˈʔæ.ʔo FE pitcher plant adj ʼänsyem ʔæn.ˈsjɛm . whole, complete vt ʼ är ìp ˈʔæ.ɾɪp . move (cf. rikx) vt käʼärìp kæ.ˈʔæ.ɾɪp . push vt zaʼärìp za.ˈʔæ.ɾɪp . pull adj ʼeʼal ˈʔɛ.ʔal . worst v ʼ ef u ˈʔɛ.fu . perceive, sense, feel phrase oe ʼefu som ˈo.ɛ.ˈʔɛ.fu.ˈsom FE I am hot phrase ʼefu nitram ˈʔɛ.fu.nit.ˈɾam FE be happy" phrase ʼefu ohakx ˈʔɛ.fu.o.ˈhakʼ . be hungry n tìʼefu sìʼefu tɪ.ˈʔɛ.fu . feeling phrase tìʼefumì oeyä tɪ.ˈʔɛ.fu.mɪ.ˈwɛ.jæ . in my opinion v ʼ ek o ˈʔɛ.ko . attack n ʼekong ʼekog ekong ˈʔɛ.koŋ . beat phrase ʼekong teʼlanä ˈʔɛ.koŋ tɛʔ.ˈla.næ the beat of the hearts ʼel... ? n ʼeleʼwll eleʼwll ˈʔɛ.lɛʔ.wl̩ FE thorny paw plant (ʼewll plant) v ʼ em ˈʔɛm . cook adj ʼengeng ʼegeg ˈʔɛŋ.ɛŋ . even, level n reyʼeng ɾɛi̯.ˈʔɛŋ . balance of life adj ʼeoio ˈʔɛ.o.i.o F ceremonious adv nìʼeoio nɪ.ˈʔɛ.o.i.o F ceremoniously n ʼeveng ʼeveg eveng, ayeveng meveng pxeveng ˈʔɛ.vɛŋ . a child n ʼevi evi, ayevi mevi pxevi ˈʔɛ.vi . * kid (affectionate form of ʼeveng) suff vi -X vi FE (suffix for the product/spawn of something larger) adj ʼewan ˈʔɛ.wan . young n ʼewll ewll ˈʔɛ.wl̩ . plant suff wll -X wl̩ (suffix in various plant names) n prrwll frrwll? ˈpr̩.wl̩ . moss n ʼeylan eylan, ayeylan meylan pxeylan ˈʔɛi̯.lan . friend n tìʼeylan tɪ.ˈʔɛi̯.lan . friendship v ʼ eyng ʼeyg ˈʔɛi̯ŋ . respond, to answer adv nìʼeyng nìʼeyg sìʼeyng nɪ.ˈʔɛi̯ŋ . in answer, in response n tìʼeyng tìʼeyg sìʼeyng tɪ.ˈʔɛi̯ŋ . an answer, a response v ʼ iʼ a ˈʔiʔ.a . end, conclude n tìʼiʼa sìʼiʼa tɪ.ˈʔiʔ.a FE (the) end phrase tìʼiʼavay krrä tɪ.ˈʔiʔ.a.vai̯ ˈkr̩.æ FE forever, until the end of time v ʼ i a ˈʔi.a . become absorbed, lose oneself n ʼit it ˈʔit . a bit, a small amount n ʼitan itan ˈʔi.tan . * son n ʼite ite ˈʔi.tɛ . * daughter adv kawʼit kau̯.ˈʔit . not a bit, not at all adv nìʼit nɪ.ˈʔit . (do) a little, a bit v ʼ ìʼ awn ʔɪ.ˈʔau̯n . remain, stay n ʼìheyu ìheyu ʔɪ.ˈhɛ.ju . spiral phrase ìheyu sìreyä ɪ.hɛ.ju sɪ.ɾɛ.jæ the spiral of lives n ʼìnglìsì ʼìglìsì ˈʔɪŋ.lɪ.sɪ . the English language adv nìʼìnglìsì nìʼìglìsì nɪ.ˈʔɪŋ.lɪ.sɪ in English n ʼok ok ˈʔok . remembrance, memory vi ʼ ong ʼog ˈʔoŋ . unfold, blossom n ʼopin opin ˈʔo.pin . color n ʼora ora ˈʔo.ɾa . lake n ʼRrta ˈʔr̩.ta . Earth n Trr ʼRrtayä tr̩.ˈʔr̩.ta.jæ FE n ʼu ayu ˈʔu ., FE thing (abstract or concrete) pn ʼuo ˈʔu.o . something pn ʼupe, peu ˈʔu.pɛ, pɛ.ˈu . what (thing) pn fraʼu ˈfɾa.ʔu . everything pn keʼu ˈkɛ.ʔu . nothing, none adv keʼu ˈkɛ.ʔu . none at all, not at all ʼul ˈʔul ? adv nìʼul nɪ.ˈʔul . more adv nulkrr nul.ˈkr̩ . longer (time) (krr time) v nuln ew nul.ˈnɛu̯ . rather, prefer (new to want) n ʼupxare upxare ʔu.ˈpʼa.ɾɛ . message A conj a a . which, that, who (Glossary relative clause relativizer and Glossary subordinate clause subordinator) aff a -X- a . (links adjectives to nouns) adv alìm a.ˈlɪm . far away, at a distance (irregular from lìm be far) adv asim a.ˈsim . nearby, at close range (irregular sim be near) n Akwey ak.ˈwɛi̯ FE (male name) adj alaksi alaksi a.ˈlak.sɪ . ready adv alìm a.ˈlɪm . far away, at a distance (lìm be far) phrase ʼÌʼawn alìm! ʔɪ.ˈʔau̯.na.ˈlɪm FE "Stay back!" inf alm <X> al.m Appendix cmp compound past.pfv infix (in medial tam position) n alo a.ˈlo . turn, instance, number of times phrase alo oeyä a.ˈlo ˈwɛ.jæ my turn adv fralo ˈfɾa.lo each time, every time adv ʼawlo ˈʔau̯.lo . once phrase alo aʼaw (nìʼaw) a.ˈlo.a.ˈʔau̯.nɪ.ˈʔau̯ FE (just) one time adv melo ˈmɛ.lo . twice adv pxelo ˈpʼɛ.lo FE thrice phrase alo apxey a.ˈlo.a.ˈpʼɛi̯ FE three times phrase alo atsìng, tsìnga alo a.ˈlo.a.ˈtsɪŋ, ˈtsɪ.ŋa.ˈlo FE four times phrase alo amrr, mrra alo a.ˈlo.a.ˈmr, ˈmr̩.a.ˈlo FE five times conj alunta a.ˈlun.ta FE because (lun reason; cf. talun(a)) inf aly <X> al.j Appendix cmp compound fut.pfv infix (in medial tam position) inf am <X> a.m past infix (in medial tam position) n Amhul am.ˈhul FE (female name) n.pl ampirikx ʼampirikx ˈam.pi.ɾikʼ shpl leaf pitcher plant n anìheyu a.nɪ.ˈhɛ.ju FE fibonacci plant (ʼìheyu spiral) n.pl angtsìk agcìk aŋ.tsɪk ʼangtsìk shpl Hammerhead adj apxa apxa apxa a.ˈpʼa . large n apxangrr apxagrr a.ˈpʼa. ŋr̩ FE delta tree (ngrr root) n tsawlapxangrr sawlapxangrr cawlapxagrr ˈtsau̯.la.pʼa.ŋr̩ FE unidelta tree (tsawl tall) inf arm <X> aɾ.m Appendix cmp compound past.ipfv infix (in medial tam position) inf ary <X> aɾ.j Appendix cmp compound fut.ipfv infix (in medial tam position) adv asim a.ˈsim . nearby, at close range (sim be near) inf asy <X> a.sj Appendix cmp compound fut.intent infix (in medial tam position) n atan a.ˈtan . light (source of illumination) n Ateyo a.ˈtɛ.jo FE (male name) n Ateyitan ? "son of Ateyo" [to confirm] n atoki ? n atokirinaʼ a.to.ki.ˈɾi.naʔ . seeds of the great tree (rinaʼ "seed") n atxkxe atʼ.ˈkʼɛ . land inf ats ac <X> a.ts evid infix (affect; added to final syllable) n au ˈa.u . drum (made of skin) intj au! a.ˈu . no, it can't be! (expresses consternation) n aungia a.ˈu.ŋi.a . sign, omen n awaiei a.wa.i.ˈɛ.i FE banshee of paradise plant conj aweykta a.ˈwɛi̯k.ta FE because (oeyk cause; cf. taweyk(a)) n.pl ʼawkx awkx ˈau̯kʼ shpl cliff n.pl awm ˈau̯m ʼawm shpl camps inf awn <X> au̯.n pass infix (in initial valency position) pn awnga awga au̯.ˈŋa FE we (including you); alt. for ayoeng dat pn awngaru, awngar au̯.ˈŋa.ɾu, au̯.ˈŋaɾ FE gen pn awngeyä au̯.ˈŋɛ.jæ FE inf ay <X> a.j fut infix (in medial tam position) pref ay X+ ai̯ FM (plural prefix) (causes lenition) pn ayfo ai̯.ˈfo, ˈai̯.fo . they (= fo) pn aylaru ai̯.ˈla.ɾu . to the others pn aynga ayga ai̯.ˈŋa . you all pn ayoe ai̯.ˈo.ɛ . we (exclusive) pn ayoeng ayoeg ai̯.ˈwɛŋ . we (inclusive) pn nìayoeng nìayoeg nai̯.ˈwɛŋ . like us (inclusive) Ä suff ä −yä æ Form of gen after a consonant and the vowels i, u, o. n.pl äʼo ʼäʼo ˈæ.ʔo shpl pitcher plant n äie æ.ˈi.ɛ . a vision n Änsìt ˈæn.sɪt FE (male name) inf äng äg <X> æ.ŋ pej infix (affect; added to final syllable) adp äo -X- ˈæ.o . below inf äp <X> æ.p refl infix (in initial valency position) n ätxäle æ.ˈtʼæ.lɛ . a request v ätxäle s i æ.ˈtʼæ.lɛ.si to (make a) request E adj ean ˈɛ.an . blue, green adv nìean nɪ.ˈɛ.an in blue n eanean ˈɛ.an.ˈɛ.an FE cheadle plant inf ei <X> ɛ.i. approb infix (affect; added to final syllable) n.pl ekong ˈɛ.koŋ ʼekong shpl beat n ekxan ɛ.ˈkʼan . obstruction, barrier, baricade n.pl eleʼwll ʼeleʼwll ˈɛ.lɛʔ.wl̩ shpl thorny paw plant n eltu ˈɛl.tu . a brain v eltu s i ˈɛl.tu si . pay attention, quit goofing off n eltungawng ˈɛl.tu.ŋau̯ŋ . brainworm (hallucinogenic) n eltu lefngap ɛl.tu.lɛ.ˈfŋap . computer v emz aʼ u ɛm.ˈza.ʔu . to pass (a test for initiation) (= em "over" + zaʼu "come") n Entu ˈɛn.tu FE (male name) adp eo -X- ˈɛ.o . in front of inf er <X> ɛ.ɾ ipfv infix (in medial tam position) adj etrìp ˈɛt.ɾɪp . auspicious, favourable n.pl eveng eveg ˈɛ.vɛŋ ʼeveng shpl child n.pl evi ˈɛ.vi ʼevi shpl kid n.pl ewll ˈɛ.wl̩ ʼewll shpl plant adj eyawr ɛi̯.ˈau̯ɾ . right, correct [check syll] adj keyawr kɛ.ˈjau̯ɾ . wrong, incorrect [syll differs] n tìyawr tɪ.ˈjau̯ɾ . correctness, being correct phrase ngaru tìyawr . you're right n eyaye ɛ.ˈja.jɛ FE warbonnet fern inf eyk <X> ɛi̯.k caus infix (in initial valency position) v eyk ˈɛi̯k . lead n eyktan ˈɛi̯k.tan . leader n.pl eylan ˈɛi̯.lan ʼeylan shpl friend n Eytukan ˈɛi̯.tu.kan FE (male name) n Eywa ˈɛi̯.wa . Pandoran "World spirit" and Naʼvi deity, equivalent to Gaea phrase Eywa ngahu ˈɛi̯.wa ˈŋa.hu . good-bye (lit. "Eywa (be) with you") n Eywaʼeveng Eywaʼeveg ˌɛi̯.wa.ˈʔɛ.vɛŋ . Pandora (the Naʼvi world) I n iʼen ˈi.ʔɛn . stringed instrument n Iknimaya ˈik.ni.ˈma.ja . Hallelujah Mountains (Thundering rocks, Stairway to Heaven (floating mountains)) n ikran ˈik.ɾan . Mountain Banshee (a pterosaur-like animal) inf ilv <X> il.v Appendix cmp compound pfv.sjv infix (in medial tam position) inf imv <X> im.v Appendix cmp compound past.sjv infix (in medial tam position) adp io -X- ˈi.o . above n ioang ioag i.ˈo.aŋ . animal, beast n hìʼang ˈhɪ.ʔaŋ . bug (hìʼi little) n payoang fayoang payoag pai̯.ˈo.aŋ . fish (pay water) n talioang talioag salioang ˈtal.i.o.aŋ . sturmbeest n yayo ˈja.jo . bird (ya air) part irayo i.ˈɾa.jo . thank you part ireiyo i.ˈɾɛ.i.jo (Jake's pronunciation in the film) thank you v irayo s i i.ˈɾa.jo si FE thank phrase oe ngaru seiyi irayo ˈo.ɛ ˈŋa.ɾu sɛ.i.ˈji i.ˈɾa.jo I thank you inf irv <X> iɾ.v Appendix cmp compound ipfv.sjv infix (in medial tam position) suff it it acc case suffix, reduced to −t after a vowel. Also invariable −ti. n.pl it ˈit ʼit shpl bit n.pl itan ˈi.tan ʼitan shpl son n.pl ite ˈi.tɛ ʼite shpl daughter inf iv <X> i.v sjv infix (in medial tam position) inf iyev <X> i.jɛ.v Appendix cmp compound fut.sjv infix (in medial tam position) Ì n.pl ìheyu ɪ.hɛ.ju ʼìheyu shpl spiral suff ìl ɪl erg case suffix, reduced to −l after a vowel adp ìlä -X+ ˈɪ.læ, ɪ.ˈlæ . along, via, following adp kxamlä -X- ˈkʼam.læ . through (via the kxam middle) intj ìley! ɪ.ˈlɛi̯ . alala! (battle cry) inf ìlm <X> ɪl.m Appendix cmp compound rec.pfv infix (in medial tam position) inf ìly <X> ɪl.j Appendix cmp compound imm.pfv infix (in medial tam position) inf ìm <X> ɪ.m rec past infix (in medial tam position) inf ìmìy <X> ɪ.mɪ.j Appendix cmp compound rec.imm infix (in medial tam position) suff ìri ɪ.ɾi top case suffix, reduced to −ri after a vowel inf ìrm <X> ɪɾ.m Appendix cmp compound rec.ipfv infix (in medial tam position) inf ìry <X> ɪɾ.j Appendix cmp compound imm.ipfv infix (in medial tam position) n Ìstaw ɪ.ˈstau̯ FE (male name) inf ìsy <X> ɪ.sj Appendix cmp compound imm.intent infix (in medial tam position) inf ìy <X> ɪ.j imm future infix (in medial tam position) inf ìyev iyev Alternate of <X> ɪ.jɛ.v O suff o -X o (indefinite suffix) phrase lu ketuwongo nìʼaw FE "it's just some alien" phrase ayupxareo FE "some messages" pn ʼuo ˈʔu.o . something pn tuteo ˈtu.tɛ.o . somebody adv tsengo cego ˈtsɛ.ŋo . somewhere adv trro ˈtr̩.o FE one day, some day ? n oeyk o.ˈɛi̯k . cause pn oe ayoe moe pxoe ˈo.ɛ .,FE /ˈmo.ɛ, ˈpʼo.ɛ, ai̯.ˈo.ɛ/ [stress trial? syll. pl?] I, we (but not you) erg pn oel ayoel moel pxoel ˈwɛl /ˈmo.ɛl, ˈpʼo.ɛl, ai̯.ˈwɛl/ acc pn oeti ayoeti moeti pxoeti ˈwɛ.ti /ˈmo.ɛ.ti, ˈpʼo.ɛ.ti, ai̯.ˈwɛ.ti/ gen pn oeyä ayoeyä moeyä pxoeyä ˈwɛ.jæ /ˈmo.ɛ.jæ, ˈpʼo.ɛ.jæ, ai̯.ˈwɛ.jæ/ dat1 pn oeru ayoeru moeru pxoeru ˈwɛ.ɾu /ˈmo.ɛ.ɾu, ˈpʼo.ɛ.ɾu, ai̯.ˈwɛ.ɾu/ dat2 pn oer ayoer moer pxoer ˈwɛɾ /ˈmo.ɛɾ, ˈpʼo.ɛɾ, ai̯.ˈwɛɾ/ top pn oeri ayoeri moeri pxoeri ˈwɛ.ɾi /ˈmo.ɛ.ɾi, ˈpʼo.ɛ.ɾi, ai̯.ˈwɛ.ɾi/ pn oehu ˈwɛ.hu? with me pn oeng oeg ayoeng pxoeng ˈwɛŋ .,FE /ˈpʼo.ɛŋ, ai̯.ˈwɛŋ/ [stress trial?] we two (you and I), all of us erg pn oengal wɛ.ŋal [stress?] acc1 pn oengat wɛ.ŋat [stress?] acc2 pn oengati wɛ.ŋa.ti [stress?] gen pn oengeyä wɛ.ŋɛ.jæ [confirm form] adv nìayoeng nìayoeg nai̯.ˈwɛŋ . like us pn awnga awga au̯.ˈŋa FE we (you and us: alt. for ayoeng) pn ohe ayohe mohe pxohe ˈo.hɛ .,FE /ˈmo.hɛ, ˈpʼo.hɛ, ai̯.ˈo.hɛ/ I (deferential or ceremonial form) pn ohe ngengasì ohe gegasì ˈo.hɛ ŋɛ.ˈŋa.sɪ FE we two (inclusive & formal) gen ohengeyä ohegeyä o.hɛ.ŋɛ.jæ our (inclusive dual & formal) [stress?] n oeyk o.ˈɛi̯k . cause (eyk to lead) v oeykt ìng oeyktìg o.ˈɛi̯k.tɪŋ . explain, say why n tìoeyktìng tìoeyktìg sìoeyktìg tɪ.o.ˈɛi̯k.tɪŋ, tɪ.ˈwɛi̯k.tɪŋ FE explanation conj taweyka, taweyk ta.ˈwɛi̯.ka, ta.ˈwɛi̯k . because (English clause order) conj aweykta a.ˈwɛi̯k.ta FE because (opposite clause order) adj ohakx o.ˈhakʼ . hungry n tìohakx tɪ.o.ˈhakʼ . hunger phrase ʼefu ohakx ˈʔɛ.fu.o.ˈhakʼ . be hungry intj oìsss! o.ˈɪsː . (hiss, snarl; expresses anger) n.pl ok ˈok ʼok shpl memory inf ol <X> o.l pfv infix (in medial tam position) n oloʼ o.ˈloʔ . clan n oloʼeyktan o.lo.ˈʔɛi̯k.tan . clan leader n Omatikaya o.ma.ti.ˈka.ja F the Blue Flute Clan gen Omatikayaä o.ma.ti.ˈka.ja.æ FE (irregular) v om um ˈo.mum . know adv nìawnomum nɪ.au̯.ˈno.mum . as is known n ontu ˈon.tu . nose n.pl ʼopin opin ˈo.pin shpl color n.pl ʼora ora ˈo.ɾa shpl lake n Otranyu ot.ˈɾan.ju FE (clan name) U adj ukxo u.ˈkʼo . dry conj ulte ˈul.tɛ . and (joins Glossary clause clauses) n ultxa ul.ˈtʼa . meeting v ultxa s i ul.ˈtʼa.si FE meet, have a meeting (use hu for 'with') v ultxar un ul.ˈtʼa.ɾun FE encounter, meet (by chance; run find) n unil ˈu.nil . dream n uniltaron ˈu.nil.ˈta.ɾon . Dream Hunt (initiation ceremony) n uniltìrantokx ˈu.nil.tɪ.ˈɾan.tokʼ . an avatar (dreamwalker body) (tìran to walk, tokx body) n uniltìranyu ˈu.nil.tɪ.ˈɾan.ju . dreamwalker adp uo -X- ˈu.o . behind n.pl upxare u.ˈpʼa.ɾɛ ʼupxare shpl message suff ur uɾ dat case suffix, from *−uru; reduced to −ru (and frequently shortened to −r) after a vowel inf us <X> u.s actv infix (in initial valency position) n utral ˈut.ɾal . tree suff ut -X ut SG (suffix in various tree names) n Utral Aymokriyä ˈut.ɾal ai̯.ˈmok.ɾi.jæ . Tree of Voices (mokri voice) n Vitrautral vit.ˈɾa.ut.ɾal . the Tree of Souls n uvan u.ˈvan . a game v uvan s i u.ˈvan.si . play a game inf uy <X> u.j form infix (affect; added to final syllable)