French/Lessons/Shopping

Faire des courses Grammar Object pronouns Direct objects While the subject of a sentence initiates an action (the verb), the direct object is the one that is affected by the action. A direct object pronoun is used to refer to the direct object of a previous sentence: Pierre voit le cambrioleur. Pierre sees the burglar. Pierre le voit. Pierre sees him. The following table shows the various types of direct object pronouns: French me, m'te, t'le, l'la, l'nousvousles English me1you1him, ither, itus1you1them Notes: 1 me, te, nous, and vous are also used as indirect objects to mean to me, to you, to us, and to you respectively. The pronoun form with an apostrophe is used before a vowel. The direct object pronoun for nous and vous is the same as the subject. When the direct object comes before a verb in a perfect tense, a tense that uses a past participle, the direct object must agree in gender and number with the past participle. For example, in the phrase Je les ai eus, or I had them, the past participle would be spelled eus if the direct object, les, was referring to a masculine object, and eues if les is referring to a feminine object. Indirect objects An indirect object is an object that would be asked for with To whom...? or From whom...?. It is called indirect because it occurs usually together with a direct object which is affected directly by the action: Il donne du pain à Pierre. He gives some bread to Pierre. Il lui donne du pain. He gives bread to him. The following table shows the various types of indirect object pronouns: French me, m'te, t'luinousvousleur English to me1to you1to him, to herto us1to you1to them Notes: 1 me, te, nous, and vous are also used as direct objects to mean me, you, us, and you respectively. The pronoun form with an apostrophe is used before a vowel. The indirect object pronoun for nous and vous is the same as the subject. The indirect object pronouns do not agree with the past participle like the direct object pronouns do. When me, te, nous, and vous are used in a perfect tense, the writer must decide whether they are used as direct or indirect object pronouns. This is done by looking at the verb and seeing what type of action is being performed. The bread is given by the man (direct). Pierre gets the given bread (indirect). Dialogue At the bakery À la boulangerie Bernard (le boulanger) Camille (la cliente) Bonjour madame. good morning miss. Bonjour monsieur. good morning sir. Que voulez-vous ? or Que désirez-vous ? What would you like? Je voudrais acheter une baguette, s'il vous plaît. I would like to buy a baguette, please. C'est tout ? or Est-ce que c'est tout ? (Is) that all? Non, je voudrais deux croissants aussi. No, I would like two croissants also. Très bien - ça fait deux euros, s'il vous plaît. Very well - that makes two euros, please. Merci beaucoup. Thanks a lot. French/Dialogue/At the bakery.ogg Vocabulary Que voulez-vous ?, Que désirez-vous ? What would you like? Je voudrais… I would like… C'est tout ? or Est-ce que c'est tout ? (Is) that all? Ça fait deux euros. That will be two euros. acheter to buy Example : Vendeur : Bonjour madame. Est-ce que je peux vous aider ? Cliente : Oui, je voudrais un sac. Vendeur : De quelle couleur svp ? Cliente : Je voudrais le sac bleu. Vendeur : Bien. Regardez celui-ci, il est beau. Cliente : Oui j'adore merci. Vocabulary Going shopping faire des coursesfaire du shopping to go shopping Elle va aller faire des courses. She's going to go shopping. faire le marché to go grocery shopping Je vais faire le marché. I'm going to go grocery shopping. faire du lèche-vitrine to go window shopping Laurent fait du lèche-vitrine. Marc does window shopping. porter Fr-porter.ogg to wear, to carry Il va porter mes courses. Il porte son manteau. He's going to carry my groceries. He wears his jacket. demander Fr-demander.ogg /dǝ.mɑ̃.de/ to ask (for) Il me demande de l'aider. He asks me to help him. demander le prix to ask for the price Il demande au vendeur le prix. He's asking the seller for the price. payer Fr-payer.ogg /pe.je/ to pay Je vais payer mes courses. I'm going to pay my groceries. vendre Fr-vendre.ogg /vɑ̃dʁ(ə)/ to sell Je vais vendre ces vieux jouets. I'm going to sell those old toys. acheter /aʃte/ ahsh-tay to buy Je vais acheter cette bague. I'm going to buy this ring. acheté Fr-acheter.ogg ah-shuh-tay /aʃəte/ have bought Je l'ai acheté, c'est à moi. I've bought it, it's mine. Buying goods le(la) vendeur(euse) Fr-vendeur.oggFr-vendeuse.ogg salesperson Je vais demander au vendeur. I'm going to ask the selesperson. (plus/moins) cher(ère) Fr-cher.ogg /ʃɛʁ/ (more/less) expensive C'est cher. It's expensive. la vitrine Fr-vitrine.ogg /vit.ʁin/ display window La vitrine est claire. The display window is clear. le prix Fr-prix.ogg /pʁi/ price Quel en est le prix ? What is it's price? la caisse Fr-caisse.ogg /kɛs/ cash registercheckout counter Je vais passer a la caisse. I'm going to go to the checkout counter. coûter Fr-coûter.ogg /ku.te/ to cost Ça va me coûter très cher. It's going to cost me a lot. C’est combien ?Combien ça coûte ? How much is it? lit: It's how much?lit:How much it/that costs? Combien coute cette bague ? How much is this ring? Combien coûte [nom] ? How much does [noun] cost? lit: How much costs [noun]? Combien coute cette vitrine ? How much does this display window cost? Grammar -e…er verbs -e…er are regular -er verbs, but also are stem changing. The stem change applies to all forms except nous and vous. The stem change involves adding a grave accent ( ` ) over the e in the stem. Formation acheter /aʃte/ ahsh-tay Fr-acheter.ogg to buyj'achète /a.ʃɛt/ (ah-sheht) I buytu achètes /a.ʃɛt/ (ah-sheht) you buyil achète /a.ʃɛt/ (ah-sheht) he buysnous achetons /a.ʃ(.ə)tɔ̃/ (ahsh-toh(n)) we buyvous achetez /a.ʃ(.ə)te/ (ahsh-tay) you buyils achètent /a.ʃɛt/ (ah-sheht) they buyacheté /aʃ(.ə).te/ ah-shuh-tay Fr-acheter.ogg bought Vocabulary Other -e…er verbs french-other-e-er-verbs peser Fr-peser.ogg /pǝ.ze/ to weigh Je pèse 80 kilos. I weigh 80 kilos. mener Fr-mener.ogg to lead, to take charge Le bus va nous mener au château. The bus will lead us to the castle. emmener Fr-emmener.ogg /ɑ̃məne/ to take off, take away or out amener Fr-amener.ogg /am(ə)ne/ to bring (a person) Elle m'a amené en voiture à la gare. She gave me a lift to the station. ramener Fr-ramener.ogg /ʁamne/ to take back, bring back, restore lever Fr-lever.ogg to raise, to lift soulever Fr-soulever.ogg /sul(ə)ve/ to raise Examples french-examples-with-e-er-verbs Il faut peser les abricots. You must weigh the apricots. Louis va mener ce cours. Louis will lead this lesson. L'équipe bleue mène 2 à 0. The blue team is leading 2-0. Dialogue At the market Au marché Marie (la cliente) Clément (le marchand) Bonjour monsieur. good morning sir. Bonjour madame. good morning 50px|thumbnail|default|1 miss. Qu'est-ce que vous avez à vendre ? What do you have to sell? J'ai un grand choix de fruits et légumes. I have a large range of fruits and vegetables. Très bien. Est-ce que vous avez des cerises ? Very well. Do you have cherries? Oui… elles coûtent deux euros le kilo. Yes… they cost two euros per kilo. Bon, je voudrais trois kilos, s'il vous plaît. Good, I would like three kilos, please. Très bien, madame. Alors, pour trois kilos il faut payer six euros, s'il vous plaît. Very well, miss. Then, for three kilos you need to pay six euros, please. French/Dialogue/At the market.ogg Vocabulary Qu'est-ce que vous avez... ? What do you have? Un grand choix A large range Des cerises Some cherries Elles coûtent deux euros le kilo They (feminine) cost two euros per kilo Il faut It is necessary to, one must, you need to vendre Fr-vendre.ogg /vɑ̃dʁ(ə)/ to sell payer Fr-payer.ogg /pe.je/ to pay Vocabulary Stores Les magasins le magasin Fr-magasin.ogg /ma.ɡa.zɛ̃/ shop, store le centre commercial mall, shopping centre le grand magasin department store le rayon Fr-rayon.ogg /ʁɛ.jɔ̃/ department la boutique Fr-boutique.ogg /butik/ small store la pharmacie Fr-pharmacie.ogg /faʁ.ma.si/ pharmacy, chemist le marché Fr-marché.ogg /maʁ.ʃe/ outdoor market Foods stores le supermarché supermarket l'hypermarché (m) hypermarket, big supermarket la boucherie Fr-boucherie.ogg butcher shop 1 la boulangeriele dépôt de pain Fr-boulangerie.ogg /bu.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁi/ bakerya place that sells bread 2 la charcuterie /ʃaʁkytəˈʁi/ delicatessen3 la crémerie dairy store la pâtisserie Fr-pâtisserie.ogg pastry shop, pâtisserie la poissonnerie /pwa.sɔn.ʁi/ seafood store, fishmonger l'épicerie (f) grocery4 French butchers do not sell pork, pork products, nor horsemeat. For these products, go to a charcuterie. However, a lot of boucheries are also charcuteries, and are called boucherie-charcuterie In France, bakeries only sell fresh bread; e.g. the bread is baked on site. Places where they sell bread that is not fresh are called dépôt de pain. 'Charcuteries' sell things besides pork products, including pâté, salami, cold meats, salads, quiches and pizzas. An alternative to an 'épicerie' is an alimentation générale (a general foodstore). Grammar -yer verbs -yer verbs are irregular -er verbs. When y is part of the last syllable, it changes to i in order to keep the ay sound. In the present indicative of -yer verbs, this affects all forms except nous and vous. Some -yer verbs, such as payer, may optionally retain the y. Formation In the present indicative, payer to pay is conjugated as follows: payer /pe.je/ Fr-payer.ogg to payje paye (ou paie) /pɛj/ Fr-paye.ogg I paytu payes (ou paies) /pɛj/ Fr-payes.ogg you payil paye (ou paie) /pɛj/ Fr-paye.ogg he paysnous payons /pe.jɔ̃/ Fr-payons.ogg we payvous payez /pe.je/ Fr-payez.ogg you payils payent (ou paient) /pɛj/ Fr-payent.ogg they paypayé /pe.je/ Fr-payé.ogg paid Vocabulary Other -yer verbs french-other-yer-verbs appuyer Fr-appuyer.ogg /a.pɥi.je/ to press, to push, to rest (on) employer Fr-employer.ogg to employ ennuyer Fr-ennuyer.ogg to bore essayer de Fr-essayer.ogg /e.se.je/ to try J'ai essayé d'apprendre les mots. I tried to learn the words. essuyer Fr-essuyer.ogg [esɥi'je] to wipe nettoyer Fr-nettoyer.ogg /ne.twa.je/ to clean noyer Fr-noyer.ogg to drown, to water down J'ai noyé mon chien dans le fleuve. I drowned my dog in the river. tutoyer Fr-tutoyer.ogg /ty.twa.je/ to address using tu Examples french-examples-with-yer-verbs Il va me payer 3 euros. He is going to pay me 3 euros. Payez la cassière. Pay the cashier. J'ai payé une amende. I paid a fine. Il faut noyer le vin avec de l'eau. You must water down the wine. Grammar Irregular past participles Many of the verbs you have learned so far have irregular past participles. avoir: eu had /y/ croire: cru believed /kʁy/ Fr-cru.ogg être: été been /e.te/ Fr-été-fr CA.ogg faire: fait done /fɛ/ Fr-fait.ogg prendre: pris taken /pʁi/ Fr-Paris--pris.ogg voir: vu seen /vy/ Examples J’ai vu ce film. I’ve seen this film. Il a été blessé dans l'accident. He was injured in the accident. Elle a fait du shopping ce matin. She went shopping this morning. Ils ont pris une photo de la maison. They have taken a photo of the house. Vocabulary Clothing Les vêtements french-clothing les vêtements habillés (dress clothes) la chemise Fr-chemise.ogg /ʃǝ.miz/ button down shirt la cravate Fr-cravate.ogg /kʁa.vat/ tie le pantalon Fr-pantalon.ogg /pɑ̃.ta.lɔ̃/ pants le costumele complet Fr-costume.oggFr-complet.ogg /kɔ̃.plɛ/ suit le manteau Fr-Manteau-fr-Paris.ogg /mɑ̃to/ coat le tailleur Fr-tailleur.ogg /ta.jœʁ/ woman's suit la robe Fr-robe.ogg /ʁɔb/ dress le chemisier blouse la jupe Fr-jupe.ogg /ʒyp/ skirt les vêtements sport (casual clothes) la casquette Fr-casquette.ogg /kas.kɛt/ cap le tee-shirt Fr-tee-shirt.ogg t-shirt le pull(-over) Fr-pull.ogg /pyl/ a pullover, a sweater Il fait froid; je vais mettre mon pull. It's cold; I'm going to wear my sweater. le sweat-shirt Fr-sweat-shirt.ogg sweatshirt le blouson Fr-blouson.ogg jacket le jean jeans les chaussettesles basles bas-culottesles bas-culottes diaphanes Fr-chaussette.ogg /ʃɔ.sɛt/Fr-bas.ogg /bɑ/ socksstockingspantyhosesheer pantyhose les chaussures les chaussures Fr-chaussure.ogg /ʃɔ.syʁ/ shoes la paire de chaussures pair of shoes les baskets /bas.kɛt/ basketball shoes, trainers les sandales Fr-sandale.ogg /sɑ̃dal/ sandals Text Exercises Culture Going out