Flora of New York/Typhaceae, Eriocaulaceae, Xyridaceae

Poales (1) Typhaceae, Eriocaulaceae, Xyridaceae Amaryllidaceae & Asparagaceae Asparagales (3) Amaryllidaceae & Asparagaceae Juncaceae Poales (2) Juncaceae Family Typhaceae The Typhaceae (cattail family) contains the genus Typha, which was the sole genus of the family until the APG III system added the genus Sparganium (bur-reeds) in 2009 by merging the closely-related Sparganiaceae family into Typhaceae. Typha Girona 009.JPG Typha latifolia Cattails, Typha spp., are wetland plants that are native to much of the world. Broad-leaved cattails (T. latifolia) are considered to be North American natives, while the native status of narrow-leaved cattails (T. angustifolia) in North America is in question.Andrew McKenzie-Gopsill, et al. (2012), "No evidence for niche segregation in a North American Cattail (Typha) species complex." Ecol Evol. 2012 May; 2(5): 952–961. In either case it is thought that narrowleaf cattails were introduced to most of inland New York from coastal regions, with the possible exception of central New York's inland salt marshes,Jeff Gillies (2013) "Surveys detail inner workings of rare inland salt marshes of Northeast U.S." Environmental Monitor, Dec. 13, 2013. where some think that T. angustifolia may be native.Troy Weldy, David Werier, and Andrew Nelson (2015) "Typha angustifolia L." New York Flora Atlas. New York Flora Association, Albany, New York. The first record of T. angustifolia in North America is from northeast coastal regions in 1820, and it appears to have remained along the coast for the remainder of the 19th century. But by the end of the 20th century, it had migrated to the west coast, and as far south as Arkansas. Along its path, it seems to have preferred "early successional habitats with basic, calcareous, or somewhat salty soils."Stefanie Miklovic (2000) "Typha angustifolia Management: Implications for Glacial Marsh Restoration." Restoration and Reclamation Review. University of Minnesota. 6(2): Fall 2000. It is thought that ditches along salted roadways may have helped facilitate the migration from coastal marshes. Jessica G. Shih & Sarah A. Finkelstein (2008) "Range dynamics and invasive tendencies in Typha latifolia and Typha angustifolia in eastern North America derived from herbarium and pollen records." Wetlands, 28(1): 1. Poales Typhaceae Typha Typha Cat-tail 763 3 Typha latifolia L. 1753 Typha latifolia L. 1808 Typha elatior Raf. nom. illeg. 1832 Typha crassa Raf. 1900 Typha latifolia L. eulatifolia Graebn. 1940 Typha latifolia typica Rothm. Wide-leaved cattail Broad-leaved cattail Common cattail Quenouille à feuilles larges Massette à larges feuilles Typha à feuilles larges Native Secure 1 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3043 5 TYLA NN 9422 typha/latifolia 42326 101629 220013917 Typha%20latifolia Typha latifolia 7831.jpg Typha angustifolia L. 1753 Typha angustifolia L. 1949 Typha foveolata Pobed. 1972 Typha pontica V.M.Klokov & Krasnova Narrowleaf cattail Narrow-leaved cattail Quenouille à feuilles étroites Massette à feuilles étroites Typha à feuilles étroites Native Introduced WW 1 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3042 5 Onon-Cayu-Tomp-Oswe-Madi++ TYAN MN 9421 typha/angustifolia 42325 40799 200024679 Typha%20angustifolia Typha angustifolia 2-eheep (5097395935).jpg Typha × glauca Godr. (pro sp.) Typha angustifolia Typha latifolia 1844 Typha glauca Godr. 1886 Typha latifolia L. elongata Dudley 1924 Typha angustifolia L. elongata Wiegand Blue cattail narrow-leaved cattail broad-leaved cattail Quenouille glauque Native Invasive OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3041 X5 TYGL NN 9423 typha/angustifolia 42328 466868 200024679 33200007 Typha angustifolia3.JPG Sparganium Sparganium americanum NRCS-1.jpg Sparganium americanum Bur-reeds (Sparganium) were previously included alone in the family Sparganiaceae. They are perennial aquatic plants that grow in shallow ponds, streams, and marshes. Poales Typhaceae Sparganium Sparganium Bur-reed 791 7 Sparganium americanum Nutt. 1818 Sparganium americanum Nutt. American bur-reed American burreed Rubanier d’Amérique Native Secure 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3013 5 SPAM NN 42313 432639 222000362 29800008 nymap.svg Sparganium americanum NRCS-2.jpg Sparganium emersum Rehmann 1778 Sparganium simplex Huds. illeg. 1871 Sparganium emersum Rehmann 1909 Sparganium acaule (Beeby) Rydb. 1909 Sparganium chlorocarpum Rydb. 1922 Sparganium chlorocarpum Rydb. acaule Fernald Unbranched bur-reed European bur-reed Simple-stemmed bur-reed Green-fruited burreed Emersed burreed Rubanier à fruits verts Rubanier émergent Rubanier simple Native Secure 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 6689 5 Edges of lakes, ponds, and slow moving streams; channels in swamps, marshes, and rich fens; and marshes. This species generally occurs in shallow water on mucky soils. SPEM2 NN 9391 sparganium/emersum 42315 222000365 nymap.svg Sparganium.emersum.jpg Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex A. Gray 1856 Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. ex A. Gray 1934 Sparganium stoloniferum (Graebn.) Buch.-Ham. ex Juz. Large bur-reed Broadfruit bur-reed Great burreed Giant burreed Native Secure 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3015 5 SPEU NN sparganium/eurycarpum 413526 nymap.svg Sparganiumeurycarpum.jpg Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong 1867 Sparganium simplex androcladum Engelm. 1888 Sparganium androcladum Morong 1907 Sparganium lucidum Fernald & Eames 1907 Sparganium americanum androcladum Fernald & Eames Branching bur-reed Branched burreed Rubanier rameux Native Vulnerable 4 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3017 3-4 SPAN NN sparganium/androcladum 42320 451314 222000363 29800009 nymap.svg Sparganium androcladum 15-p.bot-spar.andro-019.jpg Sparganium angustifolium Michx. 1803 Sparganium angustifolium Michx. 1905 Sparganium multipedunculatum Rydb. 1970 Sparganium emersum Rehmann multipedunculatum Reveal 1978 Sparganium emersum Rehmann angustifolium Taylor & MacBryde Narrowleaf bur-reed Narrow-leaved bur-reed Floating bur-reed Rubanier à feuilles étroites Native Vulnerable 6 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3016 3-4 SPAN2 NN sparganium/angustifolium 42318 451316 222000364 29800001 nymap.svg Sparganium angustifolium2.JPG Sparganium fluctuans (Engelm. ex Morong) B.L.Rob. 1888 Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong fluctuans Engelm. ex Morong 1905 Sparganium fluctuans (Engelm. ex Morong) B.L.Rob. Floating bur-reed Rubanier flottant Native Vulnerable 7 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3018 3-4 SPFL NN sparganium/fluctuans 222000367 nymap.svg Sparganium fluctuans 5499164.jpg Sparganium natans L. 1753 Sparganium natans L. 1840 Sparganium minimum Wallr. Small bur-reed Artic bur-reed Rubanier nageant Native Threatened 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3014 2 SPNA NN sparganium/natans 507177 222000370 29800028 nymap.svg Sparganium natans.jpeg Sparganium Bur-reed 791 X (excluded species) Sparganium erectum L. 1753 Sparganium erectum L. 1778 Sparganium ramosum Huds. nom. illeg. Simplestem bur-reed Exotic bur-reed Branched bur-reed Introduced Eurasia northern Africa Excluded X 163 EXCLUDED SPER X0 316417 nymap.svg Kopáčovský rybník (2).jpg Family Eriocaulaceae The Eriocaulaceae (pipewort family).Eriocaulaceae Subfamily Eriocauloideae Eriocaulon Eriocaulon aquaticum 6884.jpg Eriocaulon aquaticum The genus Eriocaulon (pipworts) contains about 400 species worldwide, but only two that are native to New York State. Poales Eriocaulaceae Eriocauloideae Eriocaulon Eriocaulon Pipewort 284 2 Eriocaulon aquaticum (Hill) Druce 1769 Cespa aquatica Hill 1776 Eriocaulon septangulare With. 1778 Nasmythia articulata Hudson 1803 Eriocaulon pellucidum Michx. 1833 Eriocaulon pumilum Raf. 1835 Nasmythia septangularis Mart. 1891 Eriocaulon articulatum Morong 1909 Eriocaulon aquaticum Druce Northern pipewort 2023 New York Flora Atlas Northern hatpins 2023 New York Flora Atlas Sevenangle pipewort 2023 USDA-NRCS Plants Seven-angled pipewort 2023 Native Plant Trust, Go Botany Ériocaulon aquatique Native Secure 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1354 5 ERAQ2 NN eriocaulon/aquaticum 502404 432636 nymap.svg Eriocaulon aquaticum WFNY-006A.jpg Eriocaulon parkeri B.L.Rob. 1903 Eriocaulon parkeri B.L.Rob. Parker's pipewort Estuary pipewort Ériocaulon de Parker Native Likely extirpated Impersistent 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 1355 Xm ERPA4 NN eriocaulon/parkeri 316486 222000068 Eriocaulon%20parkeri 1675 nymap.svg Eriocaulon parkeri 15-p.bot-erio.park-06 (cropped).jpg Family Xyridaceae The Xyridaceae (yellow-eyed grass family).Xyridaceae Subfamily Xyridoideae Xyris Xyris montana 15-p.bot-xyri.mont-13.jpg Xyris montana Poales Xyridaceae Xyridoideae Xyris Xyris Yellow-eyed grass 15 5 Xyris montana Ries 1868 Xyris flexuosa Muhl. ex Elliott pusilla A.Gray 1892 Xyris montana Ries 1937 Xyris papillosa Fassett Northern yelloweyed grass Northern yellow-eyed grass Xyris de montagne Xyris des montagnes Native Secure 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3129 5 Demonstrably secure in New York State XYMO NN 9550 xyris/montana 39111 222000475 34300102 270110-2 Xyris+montana Xyris%20montana nymap.svg Xyris montana 15-p.bot-xyri.mont-05.jpg Xyris difformis Chapm. difformis 1860 Xyris difformis Chapm. 1860 Xyris elata Chapm. 1966 Xyris difformis Chapm. difformis auct Xyris caroliniana non Walter Bog yellow-eyed grass Carolina yellow-eyed grass Southern yellow-eyed grass Tall yellow-eyed grass Two-formed yelloweyed-grass Xyris difforme Native Likely secure 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3130 4 Apparently secure in New York State XYDID NN Eastern US, Ontario, Nova Scotia 9548 xyris/difformis 530881 222000464 34300278 Xyris+difformis+var.+difformis Xyris%20difformis nymap.svg Xyris difformis var difformis WFNY-002B.png 120 Xyris torta Sm. 1819 Xyris torta Sm. 1913 Kotsjelottia flexuosa Nieuwl. 1843 Xyris bulbosa Kunth Twisted yellow-eyed-grass Slender yelloweyed-grass Native Vulnerable 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3128 3-4 XYTO N0 xyris/torta 39117 222000484 34300108 Xyris+torta Xyris%20torta nymap.svg Xyris torta (14718849831).jpg 120 Xyris smalliana Nash 1847 Xyris caroliniana Walter olneyi Alph.Wood 1895 Xyris smalliana Nash 1905 Xyris congdonii Small 1937 Xyris smalliana Nash olneyi Gleason ex Malme Small's yellow-eyed grass Native Threatened 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 3131 2 XYSM N0 xyris/smalliana 39115 222000479 34300106 Xyris+smalliana Xyris%20smalliana nymap.svg Xyris smalliana (cropped).jpg Xyris bracteicaulis E.P.Bicknell ex L.M.Campb. 2011 Xyris bracteicaulis E.P.Bicknell ex L.M.Campb. Bracted yelloweyed grass Native No recent reports Endemic 10 OBL Perennial Herb-forb 7235 Z Not Persisting, Native, Endemic. Saturated peat in large coastal plain pond shore. XYDI NN As Xyris difformis Chapm.!? NYFA includes Xyris bracteicaulis as a newly described species, but NRCS lists it as a synonym of Xyris difformis. See Lisa M. Campbell (2012). "A recently described species of Xyris (Xyridaceae) from Long Island, based on an historic herbarium specimen." Long Island Botanical Society Quarterly Newsletter. Vol. 22, No. 3. Published in: Lisa M. Campbell (2011). "'Xyris bracteicaulis', A New Species from the Coastal Plain of New York." Harvard Papers in Botany 16(1):49-51. 2011. Xyris%20bracteicaulis nymap.svg Xyris difformis (4729327757).jpg 120 Xyris Yellow-eyed grass 15 X (excluded species) Xyris caroliniana Walter 1788 Xyris caroliniana Walter 1816 Xyris flexuosa Muhl. ex Elliott 1843 Xyris torta Kunth nom. illeg. hom. - non Xyris torta Sm. 1871 Xyris conocephala C.Wright 1901 Xyris torta Kunth pallescens C.Mohr 1903 Xyris pallescens (C.Mohr) Small 1903 Xyris arenicola Small nom. illeg. hom. - non Xyris arenicola Miq. Carolina yellow-eyed grass N. America native Excluded X 161 EXCLUDED XYCA N0 nymap.svg Xyris caroliniana 112904049.jpg