Polish/Present tense

The present tense in Polish language is used to describe: Actions happening now. Czytam książkę. - I am reading a book. Regular or repeated actions. Codziennie chodzę do szkoły. - I go to school every day. General facts and truths. Woda wrze w temperaturze 100°C. - Water boils at 100°C. Future actions expressed by imperfective verbs. Jutro jadę do Krakowa. - Tomorrow I am going to Kraków. The present tense answers the question what is someone doing? (co robi?). Conjugation Verb: czytać (to read) PersonPolishEnglishIczytamI read / am readingyou (singular)czytaszyou read / are readingheczytahe reads / is readingsheczytashe reads / is readingitczytait reads / is readingweczytamywe read / are readingyou (plural)czytacieyou read / are readingthey (masculine or mixed gender)czytająthey read / are readingthey (feminine)czytająthey read / are reading Verb: robić (to do, to make) PersonPolishEnglishIrobięI do / am doingyou (singular)robiszyou do / are doingherobihe does / is doingsherobishe does / is doingitrobiit does / is doingwerobimywe do / are doingyou (plural)robicieyou do / are doingthey (masculine or mixed gender)robiąthey do / are doingthey (feminine)robiąthey do / are doing Common Present Tense Endings First Conjugation (-ać verbs) PersonEndingExample (czytać)I -amczytamyou (singular) -aszczytaszhe/she/it -aczytawe -amyczytamyyou (plural) -acieczytaciethey -ajączytają Second Conjugation (-ić/-yć verbs) PersonEndingExample (robić)I -ęrobięyou (singular) -isz / -yszrobiszhe/she/it -i / -yrobiwe -imy / -ymyrobimyyou (plural) -icie / -ycierobiciethey -ią / -ąrobią Personal Pronouns EnglishPolishExampleIjaja czytamyou (singular)tyty czytaszheonon czytasheonaona czytaitonoono czytawemymy czytamyyou (plural)wywy czytaciethey (masculine or mixed gender)onioni czytająthey (feminine)oneone czytają Notes Polish has no separate continuous tense like English "I am reading". The present tense covers both "I read" and "I am reading". Only imperfective verbs have a true present tense. Perfective verbs use present-tense forms to express future actions.