Chemical Sciences: A Manual for CSIR-UGC National Eligibility Test for Lectureship and JRF/Ambient ionization

Ambient ionization is a form of ionization in which ions are formed outside the mass spectrometer without sample preparation or separation. Cooks R. Graham Ouyang Zheng Takats Zoltan Wiseman Justin M. 2006 Ambient Mass Spectrometry Science 311 5767 1566 10.1126/science.1119426 16543450 Direct analysis in real time Direct analysis in real time (DART) is an atmospheric pressure ion source that operates by exposing the sample to a gas stream (typically helium or nitrogen) that contains long-lived electronically or excited neutral atoms, vibronically excited molecules (or "metastables"). Excited states are formed in a glow discharge in a chamber through which the gas flows..R.B. Cody, J.A. Laramée, H.D. Durst Anal. Chem. 2005 77 8 2297–2302 15828760 10.1021/ac050162j Versatile New Ion Source for the Analysis of Materials in Open Air under Ambient Conditions Desorption electrospray ionization Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) uses an electrospray source to create charged droplets that are directed at a solid sample. The charged droplets pick up the sample through interaction with the surface and then form highly charged ions that can be sampled into a mass spectrometer.Takáts Z, Wiseman JM, Cooks RG Ambient mass spectrometry using desorption electrospray ionization (DESI): instrumentation, mechanisms and applications in forensics, chemistry, and biology Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS 40 10 1261–75 2005 16237663 10.1002/jms.922 Desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization Desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI) enables direct analysis of samples deposited on surfaces by means of a jet of hot solvent vapour and ultraviolet light. The hot jet thermally desorbs the sample from a surface and the vaporized sample is ionized by a vacuum ultraviolet light and consequently sampled into a mass spectrometer. Haapala M, Pól J, Saarela V, Arvola V, Kotiaho T, Ketola RA, Franssila S, Kauppila TJ, Kostiainen R Desorption Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Anal. Chem. 79 20 7867–7872 2007 10.1021/ac071152g 17803282 Laser assisted Electrospray-assisted laser desorption/ionization (ELDI) relies on a laser to the desorption of material into the electrospray plume.Shiea J, Huang MZ, Hsu HJ, Lee CY, Yuan CH, Beech I, Sunner J Electrospray-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for direct ambient analysis of solids Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 19 24 3701–4 2005 16299699 10.1002/rcm.2243 With matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI), a nitrogen laser is used to desorb material into the electrospray.Sampson JS, Hawkridge AM, Muddiman DC Generation and detection of multiply-charged peptides and proteins by matrix-assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (MALDESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. 17 12 1712–6 2006 16952462 10.1016/j.jasms.2006.08.003 MALDESI has been used with MALDI matrix materials. Laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI) uses an infrared laser for ablation of the sample material.Nemes P, Vertes A Laser Ablation Electrospray Ionization for Atmospheric Pressure, in Vivo, and Imaging Mass Spectrometry Analytical Chemistry 79 21 8098 2007 17900146 10.1021/ac071181r The term laser spray ionization has been used to describe transmission mode laser ablation coupled with electrospray ionization. 10.1074/mcp.M900527-MCP200 Laserspray Ionization, a New Atmospheric Pressure MALDI Method for Producing Highly Charged Gas-phase Ions of Peptides and Proteins Directly from Solid Solutions 2009 Trimpin S. Inutan E. D. Herath T. N. McEwen C. N. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 9 362 19955086 2 2830846 References