411 REFERENCE · Wikibooks
HydroGeoSphere/Thermal Energy
Reference material by Wikibooks contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Specified temperature flux
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, specified temperature flux function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, toff_val, bc_val, bc_temp Time on [T], time off [T], specified volume flux (of liquid) [L3/T] multiplied by the heat capacity [J kg−1 K−1] and density [M/L3] of the
boundary medium, temperature of water entering [K].
Nodes in both the chosen faces and the currently active media (see Section 5.8.1) are assigned a time-variable temperature flux value.
Although a fluid volume flux bc_val is specified, this does not influence the flow solution in any way. It is merely intended to give the user a straightforward way to input a known amount of energy to the system, as a function of fluid volume and temperature.
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The following instructions are used to define the atmospheric inputs discussed in Section 2.6.1.10, and summarized in Equation 2.121.
Incoming Shortwave Radiation
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, incoming shortwave radiation function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], incoming shortwave radiation [M/T3], ↓ in Equation 2.122. Default value is 1.10 × 102 J/(m2 s).
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Sinusoidal Incoming Shortwave Radiation
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, sinusoidal incoming shortwave radiation function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value, amp, phase, period Time on [T], vertical shift (mid-point incoming shortwave radiation, ↓ in Equation 2.122) [M/T3], amplitude [M/T3], phase, 6period [T].
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Cloud Cover
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, cloud cover function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], cloud cover [-], in Equation 2.124. Default value is 0.50.
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Incoming Longwave Radiation
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, incoming longwave radiation function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], incoming longwave radiation [M/T3], ↓ in Equation 2.125. Default value is 3.0 × 102 J/(m2 s).
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Temperature of Air
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, air temperature function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], air temperature [K], in Equation 2.126. Default value is 15°C.
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Sinusoidal Temperature of Air
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, sinusoidal air temperature function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value, amp, phase, period Time on [T], vertical shift (mid-point temperature, in Equation 2.126) [K], amplitude [K], phase, period [T].
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These instructions are used to define the sensible heat flux in Equation 2.128 and latent heat flux in Equation 2.129.
Density of Air
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, air density function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], density of air [M/L3], in Equation 2.128. Default value is 1.225 kg/m3.
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Specific Heat of Air
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, air specific heat function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], specific heat of air [L2/(T2 K)], in Equation 2.128. Default value is 7.17 × 102 J/(kg °K).
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Wind Speed
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, wind speed function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], wind speed [L/T], in Equation 2.128. Default value is 1.0 m/s.
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Sinusoidal Wind Speed
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, sinusoidal wind speed function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value, amp, phase, period Time on [T], vertical shift (mid-point wind speed, in Equation 2.128) [L/T], amplitude [L/T], phase, period [T].
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Drag Coefficient
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, drag coefficient function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], drag coefficient [-], in Equation 2.128. Default value is 2.0 × 10−3.
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Latent Heat of Vapourization
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, latent heat of vapourization function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], latent heat of vapourization [L2/T2], in Equation 2.129. Default value is 2.258 × 106 J/kg.
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Specific Humidity of Air
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, air specific hunidity function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], specific humidity of air [M/M], in Equation 2.129. Default value is 0.01062.
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Soil-Water Suction at Surface
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, soil-water suction at surface function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], soil-water suction at surface [L], in Equation 2.131. Default value is 0.138 m.
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Saturation Vapour Pressure
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, saturation vapour pressure function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], saturation vapour pressure [M/(L T2)], in Equation 2.132. Default value is 1.704 × 103 Pa.
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Relative Humidity
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, relative humidity function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], relative humidity [-]. Default value is 0.75.
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Pressure of Air
ntime Number of panels in the time-variable, air pressure function. For each panel, enter the following:
(a) ton_val, value Time on [T], air pressure [M/L T2], in Equation 2.132. Default value is 1.013 × 105 Pa.
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