Esperanto/Appendix/English-Esperanto word list

Key In the Part of speech column there will be a letter indicating how the word is to be used. Here is a key, listing the abbreviations and explaining what these stand for: adj = adjective - describes an object (e.g. The key was green, The idea is disturbing.) adv = adverb - describes how a verb is done (e.g. I ran quickly, She easily passed the test.) conj = conjunction - connects two words, clauses or phrase together (e.g. life or death, I would vote for my gerbil but I'm sane.) exp = expression int = interjection - used to convey emotion, not related to any other part of speech (e.g. Ow!, Hooray!) n = noun - an object (e.g. dog, chair.) num = number (e.g. Four, One.) prep = preposition - the location of the object, relative to something else (e.g. Smoke over water, the ball is on the table.) pron = pronoun - One of: I, You, She, He, They, We, It or One. v = verb - an action, one which can be used both transitively and intransitively(e.g. We celebrated, we celebrated the party.) vi = intransitive verb - verbs which can only be done without objects (e.g. Trees rustled, he died.) vt - transitive verb - verbs which must be applied to an object (e.g. I killed him, I am a hamster.) Word list A (to be) able povi v about pri prep Ĉi tio libro estas pri Esperanto. This book is about Esperanto. above super prep absolutely absolute adv accent akcento n This refers to accent as in "word stress". accept akcepti v accident akcidento n according to laŭ prep acquire gajni vt across trans prep across from kontraŭ prep act, action ago n act, take action agi vi adjective adjektivo n admirable admirinda adj admire admiri vt adverb adverbo n aeroplane aeroplano n age aĝo n agree akordi vi aim celi vt Ni celas skribi la plej kompleta libro pri Esperanto. We aim to write the most complete book about Esperanto. air aero n airplane aeroplano n airport flughaveno n all ĉiuj Ĉiuj hundoj bojas. All dogs bark. Every dog barks. all ĉia Ĉia hundo bojas. All dogs bark. Every kind of dog barks. all ĉio Ĉio finiĝas. All things pass. Everything comes to an end. all ĉiom Mi manĝis ĉiom. I ate all. I ate all of it. allow permesi vt almost preskaŭ adv alone sola adj along laŭ prep also ankaŭ adv although kvankam conj always ĉiam and kaj conj animal besto n any iu Se iu enirus, malbenus. Any who enter are cursed. If somebody would enter, they would be cursed. By itself iu could mean "anyone" or "someone unknown". The particle ajn specifies anyone. any iu ajn Se iu ajn enirus, malbenus. Any who enter are cursed. If anybody would enter, they would be cursed. The ajn specifies generality, stressing anyone. anybody iu Se iu enirus, malbenus. Any who enter are cursed. If somebody would enter, they would be cursed. By itself iu could mean "anyone" or "someone unknown". The particle ajn specifies anyone. anybody iu ajn Se iu ajn enirus, malbenus. Any who enter are cursed. If anybody would enter, they would be cursed. The ajn specifies generality, stressing anyone. anyway iel anywhere ie apart from krom prep appear ŝajni vt Ĉi tio ŝajnas esti shopita. This looks shopped. This appears to be shopped. approximately ĉirkaŭ adv April aprilo n arm brako n around ĉirkaŭ adv as kiel as if kvazaŭ adv-conj as regards je prep ask demandi vt Refers to asking something (a question). ask peti vt Refers to asking for something (a request). at ĉe prep August aŭgusto n autumn aŭtuno n available havebla adj away for adv B ball pilko n Refers to a ball for playing with, not a dance ball. ball balo n Refers to a ball as meaning a dance event. bathe bani vi bathroom banĉambro, banejo n beach plaĝo n beautiful bela adj because ĉar conj because (of) pro prep bed lito n This means "a bed for sleeping" bed bedo n This means "a bed for planting" flowers or vegetables bed fundo n "Bed" as in "lake bed", "river bed" or "sea bed" beer biero n begin komenci vt beginning eko n behind post prep believe kredi vt beneath sub prep beside apud prep This means to be literally beside, or next to, something. besides cetere adv Meaning "as for the rest", "moreover" or "what's more". besides krom prep This means "apart from", "other than" or "except". beyond preter prep bicycle biciklo n bird birdo n blue blua adj book libro n boy knabo n bread pano n bright bela adj Refers to "not dark", not "intelligent". bright inteligenta adj In the sense of "intelligent". brother frato n brown bruna adj build konstrui vt bus aŭtobuso, buso n but sed conj buy aĉeti vt by ĉe prep This refers to proximity, as in "stand by the door". by per prep This refers to method, as in "navigate by smell". by pro prep This refers to reason, as in "ruler by descent". bye ĝis, adiaŭ C cake kuko n call voki vt This means "to summon", not "to name". calm trankvila adj car aŭto n care (for) zorgi vt This means "to watch over", not "to be interested in" or "to prefer". careful atenta adj cat kato n cause kaŭzo n cause igi, kaŭzi vt celebrate festi v center centro n centre centro n certain certa adj certainly certe adv chair seĝo n change ŝanĝi vt cheese fromaĝo n child ido n Specifically refers to "offspring". child infano n Specifically refers to "infant". chocolate ĉokolado n circle cirklo, rondo n close close adj This means "near", not "not open". close fermi v This means "not open", not "near". cold frida adj color koloro n colour koloro n come veni v come (from) deveni vt comfortable komforta adj common komuna adj This means "usual", not "frequent". common ofta adj This means "frequent", not "usual". communicate komuniki vi concerning pri prep continue daŭri, kontinui vi cook kuiri v correct korekta, ĝusta adj This means "technically right", not "morally right". correct prava adj This means "morally right", not "technically right". country lando n This means "nation", not "not city". course kurejo n This refers to race courses, or tracks. course kurso n This refers to lesson courses, or classes in school. course plado n This refers to meal courses. cut tranĉi vt D day tago n December decembro n decide decidi vt depend dependi vt dictionary vortario n direction direkto n do fari vt doctor doktoro, doktorino (f) n dog hundo n door pordo n drink trinkaĵo n If you want to refer to an alcoholic drink specifically, you can use drinkaĵo. drink trinki vt If you want to refer to drinking alcohol specifically, you can use drinki. during dum conj-prep E each ĉiu ear orelo n easily facile adv easy facila adj eight ok num English angla adj La angla lingvo. The English language. You often see angla by itself to refer to the English language. entire tuta adj equal egala adj even eĉ adv evening vespero n ever iam Ĉu li iam lernos? Will he ever learn? Whether he ever will learn? every ĉia adj Ĉia hundo bojas. All dogs bark. Every kind of dog barks. Specifically means every kind or type. every ĉiu Ĉiu hundo bojas. All dogs bark. Every dog barks. Specifically means every instance or member (of some group). everyone ĉiu everyone's ĉies everything ĉio everywhere ĉie example ekzemplo n excuse pardoni vt Pardonu min. Pardon me. exercise ekzerco n Refers to a practice exercise, not a muscle-building one. explain ekspliki vt extremely ege adv eye oklo n F face vizaĝo n fall aŭtuno n fall fali vi family familio n far for adv farewell adiaŭ fast rapida adj father patro n fear timi vt February februaro n feel senti vt female ina adj female ino n feminine ina adj finger fingro n finish fini vt fire fajro n first unua adj fish fiŝo n five kvin num flower floro n fly flugi vi follow sekvi vt foot piedo n for dum conj-prep Mi studis dum kvar jaroj. I studied for (during) four years. Means "for" as in a duration of time. for por prep Mi studis por la titolo. I studied for the degree. Means "for" as in "in order to". for some reason ial forget forgesi vt forgive pardoni vt four kvar num free libera adj Free as in speech, not as in beer. frequent ofta adj Friday vendredo n friend amiko n from ekde adv Ĉi tio kuko estas ekde ĉi tio mateno. This cake is from this morning. Means "from" as in "since". from de prep Mi estas de Kanadio. I am from Canada. Means "from" as in "of". from el prep Pluvo falas el nuboj. Rain falls from (out of) the clouds. Means "from" as in "out of". from ... to ... inter ... kaj ... exp full plena adj Means full as in a full container. full sata adj Means full as in "cannot eat anymore". further plu adv G game ludo n get ekhavi vi Specifically means "to acquire" ("Mi ekhavis pomon" means "I got an apple" as in "An apple was given to me"). get havigi vt Specifically means "to procure" ("Mi havigis pomon" means "I got an apple" as in "I went out and got an apple"). get iĝi vt Specifically means "to become" (for example, "to become tired" is "iĝi lacan"). give doni vt glass glaso n glass vitro n go iri v good bona adj good-bye adiaŭ, ĝis goodbye adiaŭ, ĝis gradually iom post iom adv grammar gramatiko n gray griza adj green verda adj greet bonvenigi, saluti vt grey griza adj group klubo, grupo n H hair haro n A single hair. hair hararo n Hair as in someone's hair. hand mano n happen okazi vi happy feliĉa, gaja adj hasitly haste adv hat ĉapelo n have havi, teni vt have to devi vt he li pron head kapo n healthy sana adj hear aŭdi vt heart koro n help asisto, asistado, helpo n help asisti, helpi vt her ŝin pron here ĉi tie here is/are jen hide kaŝi vt him lin pron his lia adj hold teni vt home hejmo n hope esperi vi hot varmega adj hour horo n house domo n how kiel how many kiom how much kiom however tamen adv-conj hundred cent num hungry malsata adj hurriedly haste adv I I mi pron ice glacio n idea ideo n if se conj imagine imagi v immediately tuj adv in en prep in order to por prep indeed ja This is used to add emphasis. "Mi amas ŝin" means "I love her", but "Mi ja amas ŝin" means "I do love her". inform informi vt inside en prep instead (of) anstataŭ conj-prep instruct instrui v interest intereso n interested interesita adj interesting interesa adj into en prep iron fero n Refers to the material. it ĝi pron its ĝia adj J jackal ŝakalo n jacket jako n jade(colour) jada adj jackpot ĉefpremio n jade (colour) jada n jaw makzelo n January januaro n jealous enviema, ĵaluza adj jellyfish meduzo n jewel gemo, juvelo n journalist ĵurnalistino n journey voyaĝi n joy ĝojo n July julio n jump salti vi June junio n just ĵus adv K kind afabla, bonkora, kompleza adj kind speco n Refers to a kind, type or sort of something. Rarely used; instead correlatives are most often used:tia → "that kind of"ĉia → "every kind of"ia → "some kind of"kia → "what kind of" kiss kisi vt know koni vt Specifically means "to be acquainted with" or "to know about" someone or something. Mi konas sciencon. I know about science (I have heard about it). know scii vt Specifically means "to know how to do" or "to know the way of" something. Mi scias sciencon. I know science (I have science knowledge). L land lando n Refers to a country. Ĉi tio estas lia lando. This is his land (this is the country he lives in or is from). land tero n Refers to dirt, soil or earth. Ĉi tio estas lia tero. This is his land (this is the area of land/property he owns). language lingvo n large granda adj last lasta, fina adj Refers to the last in a group. Venigu la lastan homon. Get the last person (the final person). last antaŭa, pasinta adj Refers to the previous or former in a group. Venigu la antaŭan homon. Get the last person (the person just before this one). (at) last fine, finfine adv last daŭri, kontinui vi Refers to lasting, surviving or continuing. learn lerni vt least malplej adv (at) least almenaŭ adv letter letero n Refers to mail. letter litero n Refers to the alphabet. Let’s go! Ek! int library biblioteko, librejo n lie kuŝi vi Refers to lying down. lie mensogi vi Refers to telling an untruth. lift levi vt light leĝera, malpeza adj light lumo n like kiel like ŝati vt listen aŭskulti vt (a) little iom little malgranda adj live loĝi vi Refers to dwelling, or living someplace. live vivi vi Refers to being alive. long longa adj look aspekti vt Refers to looking like something. look rigardi vi Refers to looking at something. love ami vt lunch lunĉo, meztagmanĝo n M main ĉefa, precipa adj make fari vt Refers to creating something. make igi vt Refers to becoming something. man viro n March marto n May majo n maybe eble adv me mi, min pron meet kunveni, rendevui, renkonti v middle mezo n milk lakto n minute minuto n moment momento n Monday lundo n money mono n more pli morning mateno n most plej mountain monto n mouth buŝo n move movi vi much multa adj must devi vt my mia adj N near proksima adj near proksime adv need bezoni vt never neniam new nova adj next proksima adj In the sense of "the nearest". next sekva adj In the sense of "following". It is most often used in participle form (sekvanta, sekvinta, sekvonta), depending on whether the following is in the past, present or future. next venonta adj In the sense of "upcoming". next to apud prep night nokto n no ne adv no neniu adj In the sense of "not any". no neniom da adj In the sense of "no amount of". north nordo n note noto n Refers to a written or recorded note. note tono n Refers to a musical note. note konstati vt Refers to taking note of something. note noti vt Refers to making or recording a note about something. nothing nenio n notice anonco, notico n notice rimarki vt noun substantivo n now nun adv number numero n O on sur prep one unu num one oni pron only nur adj only sole adv open malfermita adj Refers to "not closed". open libera adj Refers to public, or free. or aŭ conj other alia our nia adj over pli ol prep Refers to "more than". over super prep Refers to being over top of something. over finita adj Refers to being finished or done. own proprieti vt P part parto n Refers to a piece of a something. part rolo n Refers to a role. part apartigi, disigi vt Refers to splitting something. part disiĝi, disiri vi Refers to something being split. part ekveturi, ekvojaĝi, foriri, forvojaĝi vi Refers to leaving. pass pasi vt Refers to passing by something. people homoj, personoj n perhaps eble person persono, ulo n picture bildo n piece peco, ero n place ejo, loko n plain klara, malkaŝa adj Refers to being clear. plain nebela, simpla adj Refers to being unadorned. plain ebenaĵo n Refers to flat area of land. plan plani vi play ludi vi possible ebla adj problem problemo n produce kaŭzi, produkti, realigi vt product produkto n pull tiri v put meti vt Q queen reĝino n queer drola adj quest serĉado n question demando n queue vico n quick rapida adj quiet mallaŭta, kvieta adj quiet kvieto n quiet trankviligi vt quite tute, sufiĉe n quote citi vt quote citaĵo n R S T U V W X Y Z zebra zebro n zero nul num zigzag zigzaga adj zigzag zigzaga adj zip zipi vt zodiac zodiako n zombie sorĉkadavro, zombio n zoom zomi vi deep