HKDSE Geography/E2/Impacts of Sandstorms

Impacts on Primary Industries Fields are buried. Sand and dust block out sunlight and discourage photosynthesis. Crop failure may occur. Farming infrastructure and facilities, such as irrigation canals, are damaged by sandstorms. They take months to resume activity. Winds blow away topsoil and crops. Nutrients in the topsoil and organic carbons are lost. Soil fertility is severely damaged. Impacts on Secondary Industries Some factories may be closed down or even have their machinery damaged by sandstorms. Labour productivity decreases as people get sick. Impacts on Tertiary Industries Flights are delayed. Rail services may be cancelled as well. Vehicles are damaged by the sand. Impacts on Everyday Life Visibility decreases greatly. Buildings are eroded. Dust particles may carry viruses and fungi from the source area to spread diseases and cause outbreaks or even epidemics. Allergies are triggered. Respiratory diseases like asthma and cardiovascular diseases are also possible. Healthcare spending increases