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Memorizing the Katakana/Dakuten
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Dakuten ( ゙ ) and Handakuten ( ゚ ) are marks placed after certain katakana that modify the way the consonant is pronounced. These marks indicate that the consonant of the syllable should be voiced.
normal with dakuten ( ゙ ) with handakuten ( ゚ )カ = kaガ = gaサ = saザ = zaタ = taダ = daハ = haバ = baパ = pa
Exceptions
"Shi" (シ) turns into "Ji" (ジ)
"Chi" (チ) also turns into "Ji" (ヂ)
"Tsu" (ツ) turns into "Zu" (ヅ)
"U" (ウ) turns into "Vu" (ヴ)
Sokuon
Sokuon (ッ) is a symbol consisting of a small Tsu (compare with normal Tsu: ツッ). It is used to insert a slight pause.
Chōonpu
Chōonpu (ー) is a symbol used to indicate a long vowel sound. Long vowels can also be written by using the corresponding vowel katakana.
normal with chōonpu ( ー ) is the same as プ = pu プー = puu プウ = puu
Memorizing the Katakana Dakuten Tough characters Easy quiz