Social and Territorial Varieties of English Pronunciation/British Dialects

Cockney is probably the second most famous British accent. Cockney English refers to the accent or dialect of English traditionally spoken by working-class Londoners. Non-rhoticity Raised vowel in words like trap and cat so these sounds like “trep” and “cet.” Trap-bath split London vowel shift Glottal Stopping L-vocalization Th-Fronting Estuary English is an accent derived from London English which has achieved a status slightly similar to “General American”. Non-rhoticity Wholly-holy split T-glottalisation L-vocalisation West Country (Southwest British) refers to a large swath of accents heard in the South of England, starting about fifty miles West of London and extending to the Welsh border. Rhoticity /aɪ/, as in guide or life, more precisely approaches [ɒɪ] or [ɑɪ] /aʊ/, as in house or cow, more precisely approaches [æy] or [ɐʏ] The trap-bath split's Midlands English divides into East Midlands and West Midlands, but there are no much differences between them. The foot-strut merger is firmly rhotic In some areas, words like "roof" and "root" are pronounced with the FOOT vowel /ʊ/ Northern England English is a group of related dialects in cities like Manchester, Leeds, and Liverpool. The foot-stut merger Non-rhoticity do not have the trap–bath split Geordie refers to both the people and dialect of Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, in Northeast England. The foot-stut merger Non-rhoticity Yod-coalescence in both stressed and unstressed syllables T-glottalization Welsh English refers to the dialects of English spoken in Wales by Welsh people. Usually non-rhotic. In northern accents, /l/ is frequently strongly velarised [ɫː] Some dialect words imported from the Welsh language. Scottish English is spoken in the country of Scotland. Rhotic, with trilled or tapped r’s. Glottal stopping of the letter t when in between vowels. has no /ʊ/, instead transferring Scots /u/