Historical Geology

0. Contents and introduction right 0.1 Contents 0.2 /Introduction/ 1. Minerals and rocks about minerals 1.1 /Minerals/ 1.2 /Silicate minerals/ 1.3 /Rocks/ 1.4 /Igneous rocks/ 1.5 /Sedimentary rocks/ 1.6 /Metamorphic rocks/ 2. Erosion and deposition 2.1 /Mechanical weathering and erosion/ 2.2 /Chemical weathering/ 2.3 /Glaciers/ 2.4 /Deserts/ 2.5 /Volcanic ash/ 2.6 /Soils and paleosols/ 2.7 /Rivers/ 2.8 /Deltas/ 2.9 /Lakes/ 2.10 /Peat and coal/ 2.11 /Nearshore sediments/ 2.12 /Marine sediments/ 2.13 /Turbidites/ 2.14 /Reefs/ 2.15 /Ooids and oolite/ 2.16 /Calcareous ooze/ 2.17 /Siliceous ooze/ 2.18 /Pelagic clay/ 2.19 /Deposition rates/ 2.20 /Glacial marine sediment/ 2.21 /Saline giants/ 2.22 /Banded iron formations/ 3. Plate tectonics 3.1 /Physical properties of rocks/ 3.2 /Seismic waves/ 3.3 The structure of the Earth 3.4 /Geomagnetic reversals/ 3.5 /Plate tectonics: overview/ 3.6 /Continental drift/ 3.7 /Sea floor spreading/ 3.8 /Subduction/ 3.9 /Hotspots/ 3.10 /Terranes/ 3.11 /Ophiolites/ 3.12 /Orogeny/ 4. Stratigraphy 4.1 /Actualism/ 4.2 /Steno's principles/ 4.3 /Way-up structures/ 4.4 /Fossils/ 4.5 The principle of faunal succession 4.6 /Index fossils/ 4.7 The geological column 4.8 /Unconformities/ 4.9 /Faults/ 4.10 /Folds/ 4.11 /Walther's principle/ 4.12 /Cross-cutting relationships/ 4.13 /Igneous rocks and stratigraphy/ 5. Absolute dating 5.1 /Concepts in absolute dating/ 5.2 /Erosion, deposition, and time/ 5.3 /Dendrochronology/ 5.4 /Varves/ 5.5 /Amino acid dating/ 5.6 /Radioactive decay/ 5.7 /K-Ar dating/ 5.8 /Ar-Ar dating/ 5.9 /Rb-Sr dating/ 5.10 /Other isochron methods/ 5.11 /U-Pb, Pb-Pb, and fission track dating/ 5.12 /Radiocarbon dating/ 5.13 /Cosmogenic surface dating/ 5.14 /U-Th, U-Pa, and Ra-Pb dating/ 5.15 /Paleomagnetic dating/ 5.16 /Sclerochronology/ 5.17 /Tidal rhythmites and dating/ 5.18 /Fossils and absolute dating/ 5.19 /Absolute dating: an overview/ 6. Paleoclimatology 6.1 /Paleoclimatology: introduction/ 6.2 /Sediments and climate/ 6.3 /Paleocurrents/ 6.4 /Biogeography and climate/ 6.5 /Leaf shape and temperature/ 6.6 /Dendroclimatology/ 6.7 /Scleroclimatology/ 6.8 Uk'37 6.9 TEX86 6.10 /Ice cores/ 6.11 /Milankovitch cycles/ 6.12 /Climate models/ 6.13 /Ice ages/ 6.14 /Sea level variations/ Appendices A /Glossary and index/ B /Bibliography/ C /Chemistry for geologists/ Introduction Geology H 100%