Lithuanian/Alphabet

Lithuanian alphabet is a modified Latin alphabet. Consists of the following 32 letters (in order): A – the long or the short A (see the pronouncing rules above), [a / ā]. Ą (A nosinė) – long A, [ā]. B – like B in bag, [b / b']. C – like English Ts (e.g. in Tsar), [ts / t's']. Č – like English Tsh (T and then sh), [tʃ / tʃ' / t'ʃ']. D – like D in dog, [d / d']. E – long or short E, (see the pronouncing rules below), [e / æ]. Ę (E nosinė) – long E, [æ]. Ė – is like German e and long (see the pronouncing rules below), [ē]. F – like English F or PH (e.g. in fog), [f / f']. G – like G in golf, [g / g']. H – like H in Hungary, [h / h'] I – short i, like i in English big; i in a diphthong, like y in say, the palatalization mark [i / ǐ / i]. Į (I nosinė) – long i (see the pronouncing rules below), [ī]. Y (I ilgoji) – second long i (see the pronouncing rules below), [ī]. J – like Y in the English word young [j]. K – like K in Kilometer, [k / k']. L – like L in long, [l / l']. M – like M in Mike, [m / m']. N – like N in november or N in link [n / n' / ɳ /ɳ']. O – long or (rare) short O, [ō / o]. P – like P in Pong, [p / p']. R – like Spanish R, [r / r']. S – like S in song, [s / s']. Š – slightly less tight than English Sh (e.g. in Shell) [ʃ / ʃ']. T – like T in Tango, [t / t']. U – short u, like oo in English food, u in a diphthong, like w in cow [u / ǔ] Ų (U nosinė) – long U, [ū]. Ū (U ilgoji) – long U, [ū]. V – medial sound between English [v] and [w]; [v / v']]. Z – like Z in Zone, [z /z']. Ž – voiced variant of Š, [ʒ / ʒ'], the sound in the middle of English "Treasure". Ch – these letters together are pronounced as an unvoiced variant of Lithuanian h, like ch in scottish loch, [χ / χ' ]. The letters W, X and Q are not used in Lithuanian except in proper names (e. g. Washington'o miestas). The letters F, H and the digraph Ch are only used in loaned words, known in many European languages (e. g. Chemija)