Dichotomous Key/Pinales

The order Pinales is composed of Pinaceae Araucariaceae Podocarpaceae Sciadopityaceae Cupressaceae Cephalotaxaceae Taxaceae Phyllocladaceae †Emporiaceae †Majonicaceae †Ullmanniaceae †Utrechtiaceae †Voltziaceae Incertae sedis †Paahake 1: Trees produce cones or arils. 2: Leaves alternate or in fascicles or clusters (not opposite or whorled), needle-like, (scale-like leaves often present on fruiting branches of Taxodium); fruit a cone. 3: Leaves in fascicles of 2-5 leaves or mostly in clusters of many leaves on spur-like branches. 4: Leaves in fascicles of 2-5 leaves, persistent.........................Pinus 4: Leaves mostly in clusters of many leaves on the ends of spur-like branches, deciduous............................................................................Larix 3: Leaves scattered, alternate. 5: Ultimate twigs very slender, greenish and mostly deciduous; leaves deciduous, yellowish-green, much flattened and in two ranks; bark fibrous; cones with several wedge-shaped woody scales......................................................................Taxodium 5: Ultimate twigs not deciduous; leaves persistent, not yellowish-green above; bark not fibrous. 6: Branchlets roughened by the persistent leaf bases; leaves deciduous when dry; cones pendulous, the bracts shorter than the cone scales. 7: Leaves sessile, mostly four-sided, often sharp-pointed................Picea 7: Leaves stalked, flattened, blunt......................................Tsuga 6: Branchlets not roughened by persistent leaf bases. 8: Leaves sessile, flattened, (seldom four-sided); leaf-scars orbicular, not decurrent; cones erect, the scales deciduous.......................................Abies 8: Leaves stalked, flattened; leaf-scars decurrent. 9: Leaves mostly with obtuse tips and with two white lines on the lower surface; cones pendulous, the scales persistent in the axils of long exserted bracts.........Pseudotsuga 9: Leaves with acute tips, yellow-green on the lower surface; "fruit" drupe-like........Taxus 2: Leaves opposite or whorled, often of two kinds, scale-like, awl-shaped, or linear.