Russian/Loanwords

Warning: This might still contain errors. The Base Of The Russian Language The Russian language is one that developed with the influx of various European and Middle Eastern languages. This is largely due to the geographical location of Russia, historical trade with other countries, and cultural Renaissance started by Russian royalty and other Bourgeoisie. Because of this, the Russian language is one that can be compared to languages such as Greek, Dutch, Italian, French, Arabic, Yiddish, and others that helped to mold it into the language known today. Though the base of the language is Slavic, many alphabetical, grammatical, and vocabulary forms are distinctly foreign. Dutch Category:Russian terms borrowed from Dutch Words from Dutch Dutch Russian English translation sluis шлюз lock kabeltouw кабельтов cable length kiel киль keel ruim трюм hold kajuit каюта cabin schipper шкипер captain (skipper) vlaggestok флагшток flagstaff vrucht фрукт fruit bootsman боцман boatswain noord норд north (wind) zuid зюйд south (wind) oost ост east (wind) west вест west (wind) reis рейс journey, voyage broek брюки pants appelsien апельсин orange kraan кран tap English Category:Russian terms borrowed from English Words from English English Russian basketball баскетбол bodybuilding бодибилдинг business бизнес businessman бизнесмен chips чипсы computer компьютер football футбол film фильм filter фильтр hamburger гамбургер jeans джинсы office офис sport спорт tennis теннис internet интернет motor мотор sweater свитер auto авто automobile автомобиль Words that entered English Russian English дача Dacha субботник Subbotnik тройка troika спутник sputnik German Category:Russian terms borrowed from German Words from German German Russian English translation Schlagbaum шлагба́ум barrier Rucksack рюкза́к backpack Zifferblatt цифербла́т clock face Perückenmacher парикма́хер hairdresser (wigmaker) Kartoffel карто́фель potato Graf граф count (rank of nobility) Butterbrot бутербрóд sandwich (literally 'bread and butter') Schlauch шланг Hose Lager лагерь Camp Landschaft ландша́фт LandscapeStaatштатstate Strafe штраф Fine (as punishment) Quittung квитанция receipt Fackel факел torchFeuerwerkфейерверкfireworksSpritzeШприцSyringeBuchhalterБухгалтерaccountantHalstuchгалстукnecktieGefreiterЕфрейторCorporalRittmeisterротмистрCavalry CaptainMaßstabмасштабscale (map)Spionшпионspy Words that entered German Russian GermanEnglish translationграницаGrenzeborder дача Datscheweekend home, cabin субботник Subbotnikwork input on a Saturday French Category:Russian terms borrowed from French Words from French abat-jour - абажу́р (lampshade) avant-garde - аванга́рд (avant-garde) avant-scène - авансце́на (proscenium) bagage - бага́ж (baggage) beige - беж (beige) béton - бетон (concrete) bigoudis - бигуди (hair curler) bijouterie - бижутерия (jewelry/jewellery) billet - билет bouquiniste - букинист boutique - бутик café - каф́е (a café, not coffee; read: каф́э) caisse - касса (till) cascadeur - каскадёр (stuntman) catastrophe - катастрофа (catastrophe) cauchemar - кошма́р (nightmare) chaise longue - шезлонг chance - шанс champagne - шампа́нское (champagne - sparkling white wine) chanson - шансон (org. song, a music style, see: Russian chanson) chantage - шантаж (blackmail) concours - конкурс (competition) costume - костюм (costume, suit) couchette - куше́тка (couch) coupé - купе́ (compartment) crevette - креветка (am.e. shrimp, br.e. prawn) dame - да́ма (lady) déjà vu - дежавю́ or дежа вю́ débile - дебил douche - душ (shower) ensemble - анса́мбль (meaning "a band", not "together") équipage - экипаж (crew) écran - экран (screen) étage - этаж (floor on a building) fabrique - фабрика (factory) garage - гара́ж gazon - газон jalousie - жалюзи (jalousie, window blinds) journal - журнал (journal, magazine, newspaper) lustre - люстра (chandelier) magasin- магазин (store, shop) maquillage - макияж (makeup/cosmetics) massage - масса́ж métro(politain)- метро(политен) (subway/underground) meuble - ме́бель (furniture) mirage - мира́ж (mirage) mode - мода (fashion) musée - музей (museum) nature morte - натюрморт (literally "dead nature", still life) ostéochondrose - остеохондроз (osteochondrosis) parachute - парашют plage - пляж (beach) putain - путана (whore) régime - режи́м (regime/routine) reportage - репортаж restaurant - рестора́н sabotage - саботаж sapeur - сапёр sac voyage - саквояж (valise/ travel bag) soldat - солдат (soldier) souteneur - сутенёр (pimp) théâtre - театр (theatre) toilettes - туалет (toilets) trottoir - тротуар (sidewalk) ventouse - вантуз (plunger) virage - вира́ж (road turn) vitrage - витра́ж (stained glass) vitrine - витрина (shop window/ showcase) voyage - вояж (tour, journey) Italian Category:Russian terms borrowed from Italian Words from Italian Italian Russian English Pomodoro Помидо́р Tomato Vino Вино Wine Cartina Картина Painting Abbreviatura Aббревиату́ра Abbreviation Boccale Бокал Drinking Glass Bravo Браво Bravo Virtuoso Виртуоз Prodigy Posta Почта Post/mail Irredentismo ирредентизм Irredentism Maccheroni Макароны Macaroni Peso netto Вес нетто Net weight Puttana Путана Prostitute Soldato Солдат Soldier Nizza Ницца Nice Torta Торт Cake Giornale Журнал Magazine Gazzetta Газета Newspaper Cultura Культура Culture Problema Проблема Problem Pasta Паста Pasta Tiramisù Тирамису Tiramisu Spaghetti Cпагетти SpaghettiLinguineЛингвиниLinguine Graffiti Граффити Graffiti Lasagna Лазанья Lasagna Pizza Пицца Pizza Valuta Валюта Currency Vermicelli Bермишель Vermicelli Basta Баста Enough Opera Oпера Opera Moderato Модерато Moderate Paparazzi Папарацци Paparazzi Contrabbando Контрабанда Contraband Avaria Авария Failure Granata Граната Grenade Propaganda Пропаганда PropagandaBasilicaБазиликаBasilica Polish Category:Russian terms borrowed from Polish Words from Polish kasztan - каштан - chestnut kościół - костёл - church królik - кролик - rabbit ksiądz - ксёндз - priest rysować - рисовать - to draw powidła - повидло - plum jam tuz - туз - ace Węgry - Венгрия - Hungary Words that entered Polish czajnik - чайник czech - чех mamut - мамонт rodny - родной szaszłyk - шашлык Greek Category:Russian terms borrowed from Greek Words from Greek βιβλιοθήκη - библиотека - (Library) εβραίος - еврей - (Jew) είκών- икона - (Image) κάκτος - кактус - (Cactus) χορός - хор - (chorus) As well as words from Greek, many letters of the Russian alphabet come from Greek. Cyrillic Greek English А Α A В Β V Г Γ G Е Ε E К Κ K П Π P Р Ρ R С ς S Ф Φ F Х Χ Kh Yiddish Category:Russian terms borrowed from Yiddish Words from Yiddish גוי - гой - Gentile יאַרמלקע - ермолка - Yarmulke כתיבה - ксива - ID (slang) פּוץ - поц - Putz (slang) שמאָק - чмо - Schmuck (slang) Furthermore, the Russian letters Ш (Sh) and Щ (Sch) are believed to come from the Yiddish/Hebrew letter ש (Sh). Arabic Category:Russian terms borrowed from Arabic Words from Arabic بَدَوِيُّون - бедуин - Bedouin (A nomadic North African tribe) وَقْف - вакф - An act of charity كَبَاب - кебаб - Kebab بازار - базар - Bazaar/Market (which originally comes from Persian : بازار) صندوق - cундук - Chest/box نفط - нефть - Oil ( Crude Oil) Miscellaneous Words that are very similar in Russian and other Indoeuropean languages mother - moeder (Dutch) - mutter (German) - mater (Latin) - мать daughter - dochter (Dutch) - дочь son - сын brother - брат sister - сестр́а cat - кот chair/stool - stoel (Dutch) - Stuhl (German) - стул cold - хо́лодно day - день (non is the etymologic cognate) door - deur (Dutch) - дверь go, walk - ire (Latin) - идти́ honey, mead - мёд house - domus (Latin) - дом I - ich (German) - Yo (Spanish), Io (Italian) - я Our - Nuestro (Spanish), Nostro (Italian) - наш key - clavis (Latin) - ключ love - любо́вь (noun), люби́ть (verb) may (verb)/might - мочь (verb and noun) milk - молоко́ moon - luna (Latin) -луна́ mouse - mus (Latin) - мышь my/mine - мой/моя́/моё/мои́ night - ночь nose - нос sit - sedere (Latin) - сидеть stand - stare - стоять snow - снег sun - со́лнце (read: со́нцэ) that - тот thou - du (German), tú (Spanish), tu (Latin, French, Italian) - ты water - вода́ wolf - волк And - Y (Latin form) - и buy - kopen (Dutch) - kaufen (German) - купить To be classified Saturday - שבת (Hebrew) - shabbath - суббо́та pity/blessed/pathetic - zielig (Dutch) selig (German) - жалкий confection/candy - конфеты precārī(Latin) to beg, pray(English) - просить, спрашивать