Radiation Oncology/Plant Irradiation

Plant Irradiation Photon Brookhaven National Laboratory; 1962 -- "Prediction of the sensitivity of plants to chronic gamma irradiation" (Sparrow AH, Radiation Botany, 1962;2(1):9-12) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S003375606280091X Plants with low chromosome numbers and large nuclear volumes more sensitive, while polypoids and plants with high chromosome number resistant. 500-fold sensitivity Lethal dose for Pinus strobus ~600 r Proton Chonnam National University, Korea Cowpea legume irradiated to 100 Gy, 200 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy and 500 Gy of Cobalt gamma rays and proton 57 MeV 2021 -- A Comparison of the Transcriptomes of Cowpeas in Response to Two Different Ionizing Radiations" (Kang R, Plants, 2021;10(3):567 Differential transcription changes between photon and proton; proton significantly higher differentially expressed genes https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/3/567 2020 -- "Radio Sensitivity of Cowpea Plants after Gamma-Ray and Proton-Beam Irradiation" (Kang R, Plant Breed. Biotech. 2020;8:281-292 https://www.plantbreedbio.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.9787/PBB.2020.8.3.281 Lethal Dose 50 ~200-300 Gy for both proton and photon. Antioxidant enzymes reacted to proton beams more, chlorophyll responded more to photons Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Romania; 2020 -- "Impact of Proton Beam Irradiation on the Growth and Biochemical Indexes of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Seedlings Grown under Salt Stress" (Oprica L, Plants. 2020;9(9):1234 https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1234 Barley seeds irradiated with proton 3 Gy and 5 Gy, then grown in presence of NaCl (100 mM and 200 mM) Proton 3 Gy irradiation can alleviate harmful effects of 100 mM NaCl salinity University of Louisiana; 2018 30482278 -- "Irradiation effects of MeV protons on dry and hydrated Brassica rapa seeds" (Deoli NT, Life Sci Space Res (Amst). 2018 Nov;19:24-30. doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2018.08.004. Epub 2018 Aug 21. Brassica rapa (turnip, bok choy) irradiated with 1-3 MeV proton ions Outcome: Germination varied based on incident ion energy and dose; decreased with increasing dose for ions that could penetrate the seed coat (>1 MeV). Hydrated seeds more sensitive to radiation than dry seeds. Damage to the seed coat led to faster germination and initial seedling growth Chonnam National University, Korea Proton 57 MeV irradiation to doses 50 - 400 Gy to evaluate mutagenesis 2017 -- "Effects of proton beam irradiation on seed germination and growth of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.)" (Im J, Journal of the Korean Physical Society. 2017; 71:752-757 https://link.springer.com/article/10.3938/jkps.71.752 Germination rates >95%; survival rates reduced >300 Gy; plant height, fresh weight of shoots/roots reduced >100 Gy Optimal dosage for proton mutation breeding between 250 - 300 Gy 2017 -- "Biochemical Responses of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) to Proton Beam Irradiation" (Im J, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology. 2017; 5:97-105 https://www.plantbreedbio.org/journal/view.html?doi=10.9787/PBB.2017.5.2.97 Proton beams induce plant membrane damage and oxidative stress, and reduce chlorophyll content Peking University; 2007 17457755 -- "Biological effects of protons targeted to different ranges in Arabidopsis seeds" (Qin HL, Int J Radiat Biol. 2007 May;83(5):301-8. doi: 10.1080/09553000701283824.) Arabidopsis seeds, dry or hydrated. Irradiated with 1.1 MeV, 2.6 MeV, or 6.5 MeV protons Outcome: Survival reduced with increasing dose. Hydrated seeds more sensitive. Shoot apical meristem malformation observed after all proton irradiations Conclusion: Radiation induced damage produced at different ranges; hydrated seeds more sensitive Carbon Chinese Academy of Sciences; 2020 31692404 -- "Genetic polymorphisms in mutagenesis progeny of Arabidopsis thaliana irradiated by carbon-ion beams and γ-rays irradiations" (Chen X, Int J Radiat Biol. 2020 Feb;96(2):267-275. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1688412. Epub 2019 Nov 18.) Arabidopsis irradiated with photons (LET 0.2 kev/um) and carbon (LET 50 kev/um) Outcome: Carbon introduced higher polymorphism than photon Conclusion: Both carbon and photon induce genetic polymorphisms, but carbon mutation breeding is more advantageous than photons Kobe University, Japan, 2013 23728320 -- "Mutational effects of γ-rays and carbon ion beams on Arabidopsis seedlings" (Yoshihara R, J Radiat Res. 2013 Nov 1;54(6):1050-6. doi: 10.1093/jrr/rrt074. Epub 2013 May 31.) Arabidopsis seedlings irradiated with photon and 320 MeV carbon ions. Outcome: Mutant base substitution frequency increased after photon but not carbon. Review University of West England, 2018 -- "Ionizing Radiation, Higher Plants, and Radioprotection: From Acute High Doses to Chronic Low Doses" (Caplin N, Front. Plant Sci., 26 June 2018) https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.00847/full