Ring/Lessons/Check Data Type and Conversion

Check Data Type and Conversion In this chapter we are going to learn about the functions that can be used for Checking Data Type Checking Character Conversion Check Data Type The next functions can be used to check the data type isstring() isnumber() islist() type() isnull() IsString() Function Using the IsString() function we can know if the value is a string or not Syntax: IsString(value) ---> 1 if the value is a string or 0 if not Example: see isstring(5) + nl + # print 0 isstring("hello") + nl # print 1 IsNumber() Function Using the IsNumber() function we can know if the value is a number or not Syntax: IsNumber(value) ---> 1 if the value is a number or 0 if not Example: see isnumber(5) + nl + # print 1 isnumber("hello") + nl # print 0 IsList() Function Using the IsList() function we can know if the value is a list or not Syntax: IsList(value) ---> 1 if the value is a list or 0 if not Example: see islist(5) + nl + # print 0 islist("hello") + nl + # print 0 islist([1,3,5]) # print 1 pair: Data Type; Type() Type() Function We can know the type of a value using the Type() Function. Syntax: Type(value) ---> The Type as String Example: see Type(5) + nl + # print NUMBER Type("hello") + nl + # print STRING Type([1,3,5]) # print LIST IsNULL() Function We can check the value to know if it's null or not using the IsNULL() function Syntax: IsNULL(value) ---> 1 if the value is NULL or 0 if not Example: see isnull(5) + nl + # print 0 isnull("hello") + nl + # print 0 isnull([1,3,5]) + nl + # print 0 isnull("") + nl + # print 1 isnull("NULL") # print 1 Check Character The next functions can be used to check character isalnum() isalpha() iscntrl() isdigit() isgraph() islower() isprint() ispunct() isspace() isupper() isxdigit() IsAlNum() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsAlNum() Function Syntax: IsAlNum(value) ---> 1 if the value is digit/letter or 0 if not Example: see isalnum("Hello") + nl + # print 1 isalnum("123456") + nl + # print 1 isalnum("ABCabc123") + nl + # print 1 isalnum("How are you") # print 0 because of spaces IsAlpha() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsAlpha() Function Syntax: IsAlpha(value) ---> 1 if the value is a letter or 0 if not Example: see isalpha("Hello") + nl + # print 1 isalpha("123456") + nl + # print 0 isalpha("ABCabc123") + nl + # print 0 isalpha("How are you") # print 0 IsCntrl() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsCntrl() Function Syntax: IsCntrl(value) ---> 1 if the value is a control character (no printing position) or 0 if not Example: See iscntrl("hello") + nl + # print 0 iscntrl(nl) # print 1 IsDigit() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsDigit() Function Syntax: IsDigit(value) ---> 1 if the value is a digit or 0 if not Example: see isdigit("0123456789") + nl + # print 1 isdigit("0123a") # print 0 IsGraph() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsGraph() Function Syntax: IsGraph(value) ---> 1 if the value can be printed (Except space) or 0 if not Example: see isgraph("abcdef") + nl + # print 1 isgraph("abc def") # print 0 IsLower() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsLower() Function Syntax: IsLower(value) ---> 1 if the value is lowercase letter or 0 if not Example: see islower("abcDEF") + nl + # print 0 islower("ghi") # print 1 IsPrint() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsPrint() Function Syntax: IsPrint(value) ---> 1 if the value occupies a printing position or 0 if not Example: see isprint("Hello") + nl + # print 1 isprint("Nice to see you") + nl + # print 1 isprint(nl) # print 0 IsPunct() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsPunct() Function Syntax: IsPunct(value) ---> 1 if the value is a punctuation character or 0 if not Example: see ispunct("hello") + nl + # print 0 ispunct(",") # print 1 IsSpace() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsSpace() Function Syntax: IsSpace(value) ---> 1 if the value is a white-space or 0 if not Example: see isspace(" ") + nl + # print 1 isspace("test") # print 0 IsUpper() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsUpper() Function Syntax: IsUpper(value) ---> 1 if the value is an uppercase alphabetic letter or 0 if not Example: see isupper("welcome") + nl + # print 0 isupper("WELCOME") # print 1 IsXdigit() Function We can test a character or a string using the IsXdigit() Function Syntax: IsXdigit(value) ---> 1 if the value is a hexdecimal digit character or 0 if not Example: see isxdigit("0123456789abcdef") + nl + # print 1 isxdigit("123z") # print 0 Conversion The next functions can be used for conversion number() string() ascii() char() hex() dec() str2hex() hex2str() Number() Function We can convert strings to numbers using the Number() function or the + operator. Syntax: Number(string) ---> Number 0 + string ---> Number Example: see number("5") + 5 + nl # print 10 see 0 + "10" + 2 # print 12 String() Function We can convert numbers to strings using the String() function or the + operator. Syntax: String(number) ---> String "" + number ---> String Example: see string(5) + 5 + nl # print 55 see "" + 10 + 2 # print 102 Ascii() Function We can get the ASCII code for a letter using the Ascii() function Syntax: Ascii(character) ---> ASCII Code Example: See ascii("m") + nl + # print 109 ascii("M") # print 77 Char() Function We can convert the ASCII code to character using the Char() function. Syntax: Char(ASCII Code) ---> character Example: See char(109) + nl + # print m char(77) # print M Hex() Function We can convert decimal to hexadecimal using the Hex() function. Syntax: Hex(decimal) ---> hexadecimal Example: See hex(10) + nl + # print a hex(200) # print c8 Dec() Function We can convert hexadecimal to decimal using the Dec() function Syntax: Dec(hexadecimal) ---> decimal Example: See dec("a") + nl + # print 10 dec("c8") # print 200 Str2hex() Function We can convert string characters to hexadecimal characters using the Str2hex() function. Syntax: Str2hex(string) ---> hexadecimal string Example: See str2hex("hello") # print 68656c6c6f Hex2str() Function We can convert hexadecimal characters to string using the Hex2str() function Syntax: Hex2Str(Hexadecimal string) ---> string Example: See hex2str("68656c6c6f") # print hello Ring programming language