Canadian Criminal Procedure and Practice/Cases/Warrantless Searches

Detention and Search: Generally Case Citation s.8 s.9 s.24 SummaryR. v. Ahmed-Kadir and McFadyen 2011 BCPC 250NYNR. v. Brown 2011 ONSC 6250 -NN vehicle pulled over after chase; alleged detained by police pursuit R. v. Ryan 2010 NJ No. 173 N Y Y breath testR. v. G.C. 2010 NSPC 10 N NN while executing search warrant, pat-down search of accused for weapons; finds drugsR. v. Cunsolo 2009 CanLII 60775 (ON S.C.) NYN premature arrest of fraudsterR. v. N.O. 2009 ABCA 75NYY police observe hand-to-hand, search accused, find drugsR. v. Harada 2008 BCSC 1346 NNN pull over car; patdown search of driverR. v. Nesbeth [2008] O.J. No. 3086 (C.A.) - YYR. v. Peters 2007 ABCA 181NNN police see accused matching description of person with gun; searched backpack twice, found gunR. v. Chambers 2007 ABQB 712NNN after seeing signs of drug transaction, accused is strip searched, and searched vehicle R. v. Y.(S.) 2006 ONCJ 403 NNN person standing near car registered to person with warrant; several minor reasons for pull-overR. v. Ngo 2005 ONCJ 217 arbitrary detentionR. v. B.A.D.G. 2005 BCPC 504 NNN police get report of B&E suspects, see accused shortly after; patdown search reveals knifeR. v. Sepulveda 2005 BCPC 236 NNN pat-down search of woman known to police; accused spit on officerR. v. K.W. 2004 O.J. No.5327 (OCJ) Y police officers had no grounds to suspect that the accused was connected to any criminal activity; he “must be doing something” because of the very general surrounding circumstances.R. v. Power 2003 SKQB 334 R. v. Burke 1997 CanLII 10867 (NL C.A.) NNN overturn s.9 breach; officer had sufficient reason to pull over accused R. v. Dauda, 2011 ONCJ 799 || s.8 and 9 violation, exlcuded under 24(2); seen avoiding police, threw something away; found <4 g cocaine Vehicle Stops R v Vulic, 2012 SKQB 221 - violated s.9, drugs excluded R. v. McCammon, 2012 MBQB 154 - violated s. 9, evidence excluded Personal Search Case Citation s.8 s.9 s.24 SummaryR. v. Rose 2012 ONSC 350 ?YY arrested accused based on finding marijuana on co-accused. R. v. Osolky 2009 ONCJ 445 Y N Y patdown search; evidence excludedR. v. F. (C.J.) 2008 SKPC 51 NNNofficer responds to mischief complaint; sees youths; accused run away; searches him and finds weapon;R. v. Ferdinand 2004 O.J. No. 3209 (SCJ) Y Y officer’s hunch about the actions of the accused, (based on his “Spidey sense,”) was insufficient basis Vehicle Search Case Citation s.8 s.9 s.24 Evidence at issue SummaryR v Turpin 2012 SKCA 50 YYY drugsR. v. Forster 2009 ABPC 278 Y-Y drugs search of vehicle incident to arrest was improper. The officer cannot have reasonably expected to find evidence in vehicle from an offence 6 months prior.(para. 18-19). Excluded under s. 24(2), police were careless.R. v. Anderson 2011 ABPC 326 YNY crack cocaine drugs found in vehicleR. v. Ruddock 2011 ABPC 105YNY also found breach of s.10(a) and 10(b)R v Savage 2011 SKCA 65 NNN use of sniffer dog;R. v. Chubak 2009 ABCA 8 N - - drugs Officers respond to report of stabbing/beating—see vehicle with D inside with bear spray- D searched and find knife on him; police search car for more weapons; police find weapons, drugs, and ringing cell phone; trial judge says police can’t search for drugs; appeal court says they can; search for multiple reasons is valid as long as objectively justified (para. 18)R. v. Arabi 2007 ABQB 303YYY search of person and vehicle after seeing possible drug transaction R. v. Dykhuizen 2007 ABQB 489 Y - ? mistaken ID of accused for a kidnapping suspect; found licence was expired; searchedR. v. Calder 2006 ABCA 307YYY gun sees possible drug transaction; searches backpack, finds gun R. v. T.T.H. 2006 ABPC 320 Y - N search vehicle based on unsafe driving and suspicious comments from driverR. v. Batzer 2005 CanLII 33026 (ON C.A.) YNY search of glovebox of car after detaining accused on rough descriptionR. v. Cox 1999 CanLII 13119 (NB C.A.)YYY plainclothes officer searched car at roadblock due to smell of "bulk" tobacco R. v. Keshane 1995 CanLII 4054 (SK C.A.) Y - N warrantless search of a trunk of accused's car R. v. D. (I.D.) 1987 CanLII 206 (SK C.A.) Y - ? search of vehicle on spotting it stopped in ditch and detect smell of alcohol Smell of marijuana Case s.8 s.9 s.24 SummaryR. v. Fierro, 2012 ABPC 1 NNN detailed review of lawR. v. Grunwald, 2010 BCCA 288 NNN traffic check set-up; stops accused's vehicle, smells marijuana, sees large bags in back of truck; no expectation of privacy R. v. Harding, 2010 ABCA 180 N NN police stop car, obscured plates, rental car, two large bags in the back, smell marijuana -- search incident to arrest finds drugs -- no breach of s.10(b) R. v. Pearson, 2009 ABQB 382Y-N breach found but evidence admitted R. v. Hood, 2008 BCPC 217 Y?YR. v. Rosa, 2008 ABQB 723 R. v. Webster, 2008 BCCA 458 NNNR. v. Favorite, 2008 CanLII 13364 NNNR. v. Charles, 2007 CanLII 39760 (ON SC) Y?YR. v. Huynh, 2005 ABPC 238 N -- no s.8 breach foundR. v. Calderon, 2004 CanLII 7569 YYYR. v. Ladouceur, 2002 SKCA 73 ?YYR. v. Sewell, 2003 SKCA 52 N -- R. v. Power, 2003 SKQB 334 NNNR. v. Yan & Chan, 2002 BCPC 574 Y-Y pull over on basis of broad search for cat burglar; smells marijuana from car ; breach of s. 8 found -- evidence excludedR. v. Duong, 2002 BCCA 43 N no s.8 breach -- smell of marijuana coming out front door of houseR. v. Zagar, 1998 ABPC 59 Y-Y R. v. Lawrence, [1994] O.J. No. 3272 NNN smell fresh burnt marijuana; allowed search down pants of accusedR. v. Iturriaga, 1993 CanLII 2517 (BC CA) Y?Y Informers/Tips Case s.8 s.9 s.24 SummaryHewlett v. R., 2012 CanLII 46405 (NL SCTD) N-N search warrantR. v. Gorman and Gorman, 2012 ONSC 4605 N-N search warrantR v Franko, 2012 ABQB 282 N-N confidential source reports drug dealers activitiesR v Perpeluk, 2012 SKQB 189 Y-Y two confidential informers give tips R. v. Quach, 2012 ABPC 57 NNN evidence admitted, judge had no issue with motive of informer R. v. Soto, 2011 ONCA 828 NNN informer reports dealing out of a house; police corroborate with observations of houseR. v. Bick, 2011 ONCJ 503 N NN search of house based on tip R. v. Hillgardener, 2010 ABCA 80 N NN anonymous informer was reliableR. v. Jir, 2010 BCCA 497 YNNR. v. Safi, 2010 ABCA 151NNNR. v. Raphael, [2010] O.J. No. 5916, 2010 ONSC 5709 YYYBjornson, 2009 BCSC 1779NNN R. v. Tetreault, 2007 BCSC 1624 N -NR. v. Wing, 2007 BCSC 1959Y?NMcCallum, 2006 SKQB 287NNNGoodine v. R., 2006 NBCA 109 N?NR. v. Layton, 2006 BCPC 655 N??R. v. Murphy, 2006 CanLII 12417 (ON CA) N N Nconfidential informer gave sufficient details to form grounds of arrestR. v. Bracchi, 2005 BCCA 461 NNNR. v. Campbell, 2003 MBCA 76 (CanLII) Y-NR. v. Myers, 2003 CanLII 36859 (ON SC)YNNR. v. Ungaro, 2003 BCPC 137Y?YR. v. Philpott [2002] O.J. No. 4872 search warrantR. v. Jones, 2001 CanLII 28336 (ON SC) Y-Y warrant to search apartmentR. v. Warford, 2001 NFCA 64NNNR. v. Lewis, 1998 CanLII 7116 (ON CA)Y-NR. v. Smellie, 1994 CanLII 1612 (BC CA) NNN multiple informersR. v. Zammit, 1993 CanLII 3424 (ON CA) Y - Y R. v. Lamy, 1993 CanLII 3368 (MB CA) Y-YR. v. Charlton, 1992 CanLII 367 (BC CA)NNN R. v. Cheecham, (1989) 51 C.C.C. (3d) 498 Y?YR. v. Pastro 1988 CanLII 214 (SK C.A.)Y?Y Search Incident to Arrest Case s.8 s.9 s.24 SummaryR v Schira, 2011 SKPC 140 YNY breach of s.10(b) as well; contents of blackberry messages excluded R. v. Ward, 2010 BCCA 1 Y?N search incident to arrest -- found crack R. v. Tosczak, 2010 SKCA 10N?N pat-down search incident to arrest for possession of marijuana R. v. Goodwin, 2009 ABQB 710Y?? arrest invalid R. v. Chubak, 2009 ABCA 8??? R. v. Lamour, 2007 CanLII 15242 (ON S.C.) Y?N arrested accused from impaired driving; did inventory search that included non-plain view items R. v. Roberts, 2007 CanLII 39895 (ON S.C.)NNN search vehicle incident to arrest for firearm lawfulR. v. Kitaitchik, 2002 CanLII 45000 (ON C.A.) Y?N warrantless seizure of clothing worn by accused in murder investigation Search of residence Case s.8 s.9 s.24 SummaryR. v. Latham and Ryan, 2012 BCPC 78 Y - Y warrantless search of basement apartmentR v Helary, 2012 SKPC 15 Y?Y R v Laliberte, 2011 SKPC 190 Y-N source info brings police to house; they are invited into vestibule; smell marijuana; enter into reminder of house after accused runs away. No consent to enter.R. v. Got, 2011 BCPC 328Y?? warrantless entry into residence found in violation of s.8R. v. Stevens, 2011 ONCJ 794 Y -Y police enter home without warrant and search houseR. v. Thompson, 2010 ONSC 2862 Y-N search of home found drugs R. v. Watson, 2010 ONSC 448 Y Y pat-down search finds drugs; followed by search of residence Breath sample See Canadian_Criminal_Law/Appendix/Case_Law#Impaired_Driving Cell phones Case Summary R. v. Mann, 2012 BCSC 1247 (CanLII) R. v. Munro & Munro, 2012 ONSC 43 cell phone search incident to arrest -- admitted R. v. Groves, 2011 ONCJ 350 R. v. Dorey, 2011 NSPC 85 R. v. Hiscoe, 2011 NSPC 84 R. v. Manley, 2011 ONCA 128 R. v. Fearon, 2010 ONCJ 645 R. v. Zahrebelny, 2010 NSPC 91 R. v. Finnikin, 2009 CanLII 82187 (ON SC) Location Tracker Case Summary R. v. Bacon, 2012 BCCA 323 warrantless tracker violated s.8 but saved under 24(2) Category:Criminal Case Digests