History of wireless telegraphy and broadcasting in Australia/Topical/Biographies/William Tamillas Stephen Crawford/Notes

3 William Tamillas Stephen Crawford – Transcriptions and notes Key article copies Brief but useful autobiography obtained by Launceston reporter while Crawford visiting his brother there Television In Aust. Likely By 1956 PROVIDING THE present rate of development in wireless was maintained, television should be in operation in Melbourne and Sydney for the 1956 Olympic Games, said Mr. W. T. S. Crawford at Launceston yesterday. MR. CRAWFORD, a brother of Mr. F. C. Crawford, former Town Clerk, arrived at Launceston on Saturday and returned to Melbourne by air yesterday. Mr. Crawford, who retired in 1945 and resides in Sydney, was superintendent of wireless for N.S.W. in the P.M.G.'s Department and spent much of his early life in Tasmania. He came to Tasmania in 1896 and worked as a telegraph operator in the Eastern Extension Cable Co. at George Town for three years. Then he joined the Federal department as a telegraphist, working at Queenstown, Hobart and Launceston. In 1910 he was appointed postmaster and testing officer of the Bass Strait cables at George Town and in 1912 took charge of the coastal wireless station at Hobart. He was later transferred to the Melbourne coastal station, which was taken over by the Royal Australian Radio Service branch during the First World War, and appointed radio inspec-tor for Victoria. In 1918 he was transferred to Sydney and stationed at the Garden Island naval base where he worked until his retirement. A keen rifleman, Mr. Crawford visited Melbourne last week to take part in the Victorian Rifle Association's King's Prize meeting at Williamstown. In 1948 he visited England and was at Bisley when the Australians won the King's Cup. Mr Crawford took a prominent part in the early development of broadcasting and is a fellow of the Institute of Radio Engineers. During his visit to England he made a study of television and said great advances had been made since the end of the war. "The first provincial station was opened recently and in probably two years the whole of the United Kingdom will have a 90 per cent. television coverage," added Mr. Crawford.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article52774988 Television In Aust. Likely By 1956 The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 15 March 1950 14 April 2020 9 Trove Non-chronological material 1880s 1883 1883 08 Death notice for Crawford's uncle Charles Crawford DEATH. On the 10th of August, at his residence, Olinda-street, Quarry Hill, Sandhurst, Charles Crawford, aged 64 years.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88519609 Family Notices Bendigo Advertiser Victoria, Australia 22 August 1883 15 April 2020 2 Trove 1885 1885 09 Crawford's father successful in his application for the transfer of publican's licence for Montague Hotel THE DAY'S NEWS. . . . At the South Melbourne Court to-day Mr Alley, P.M., sat as a licensing magistrate, and granted the following application for a transfer of a publican's license:— Phoebe E. Kemp to George H. Crawford, for the Montague Hotel, Montague street.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article241333066 THE DAY'S NEWS. The Herald Victoria, Australia 9 September 1885 15 April 2020 2 Trove 1885 10 Crawford's father charged with Sunday trading but summons dismissed on the evidence HOTEL CASES. . . . South Melbourne. At the South Melbourne Court today, Constable Carter proceeded against the following publicans for permitting liquor to be sold on their premises on Sunday, the 11th inst, and in each case the defendants were fined £5, viz.:— Thomas Phelan, of the Glasgow Arms Hotel, Clarendon street; William Leehey, licensee of the Victoria Hotel, York street, and Martin Brogan, of the Britannia Hotel, Clarendon street. George Henry Crawford, licensee of the Montague Hotel, Park street, was similarly charged. Mr Moloney appeared for the defence. The evidence in this case was very conflicting, and after hearing a number of witnesses, the Bench dismissed the summons.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article241206402 HOTEL CASES. The Herald Victoria, Australia 21 October 1885 15 April 2020 3 Trove As previous, further detail SUNDAY TRADING AT SOUTH MELBOURNE. A number of hotelkeepers were summoned before the South Melbourne bench yesterday for breaches of the law against Sunday trading. The first case was that against George Crawford. licensee of the Montague Hotel, at the corner of Park and Montague streets, who was charged with having permitted liquor to be consumed on his premises on a Sunday. The evidence was of a very conflicting nature. Two constables swore that on entering the hotel on the 11th inst., they saw a gentleman in the bar, and some glasses of liquor on the counter. Several of the witnesses who were called for the defence swore that the gentleman who had been seen in the bar was a commercial traveller, who had called for an umbrella which he had left at the hotel on the previous day, and that the landlord invited him to take a glass of ale before leaving. The gentleman, instead of accepting a glass of ale, took a glass of ginger ale, for which no money was paid. The case was dismissed. Thomas Phelan, of the Glasgow Arms Hotel, Clarendon-street; C. Brogan, of the Britannia Hotel, Clarendon-street; and William Leehy, of the Victoria Hotel, were also summoned for Sunday trading, and, as the charges were proved to the satisfaction of the bench, they were each fined £5.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197024649 SUNDAY TRADING AT SOUTH MELBOURNE. The Age Victoria, Australia 22 October 1885 15 April 2020 5 Trove 1886 1886 04 Crawford's father advertises for a youth to assist at hotel YOUTH, mark billiards and make himself generally useful. G. Crawford, Montague Hotel, Park-st. S. Melbourne.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article199451300 Advertising The Age Victoria, Australia 13 April 1886 15 April 2020 7 Trove 1886 07 Birth notice for Crawford's brother John Alfred Eric Crawford BIRTHS, MARRIAGES AND DEATHS. BIRTHS. . . . CRAWFORD.— On the 26th June, at the Montague Hotel, South Melbourne, the wife of Mr. G. H. Crawford of a son.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198355062 Family Notices The Leader (Melbourne) Victoria, Australia 3 July 1886 15 April 2020 42 Trove 1888 1888 01 Crawford's father again charged with Sunday Trading and this time charges proven NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . The Metropolitan Licensing Court, consisting of Judge Chomley and Messrs. C. A. D. Pascoe and C. Mollison, P.M.'s, sat yesterday for the first time this year for the purpose of hearing a number of applications under the Licensing Act. Transfers of licences from Sophia Gallagher, of the Court House Hotel, North Melbourne, to John Thomas, and from William Carrodus, of the Prince of Wales Hotel, Church-street, Richmond, to Edmund Stephens, were granted. Permission was granted to Elise Jerome, of Clark's Hotel, Swanston-street, to change the name to Jerome's Hotel. Stephen Home, licensee, of the Park View Hotel, Windsor. was adjudged guilty of having sold liquor on Sunday, 25th December last year, and as it was his second offence he was fined £10. For a similar offence fines of £7 were indicted on Bernard Murphy, New Constitution Hotel, Carlton; Martin Inten, King's Arms Hotel, Hotham; Helen Setter, Cricketers' Arms Hotel, Fitzroy; Charles Impott, George Hotel, Fitzroy; John William Gibbons, Carlton Imperial Hotel; George Henry Crawford, Montague Hotel, South Melbourne; and John Westaway, Freemason's Hotel, Port Melbourne. Fines of £2 were inflicted in the case of Samuel Rainsbury, of the Exchange Hotel, Melbourne; and Martin Hawkins, Exchange Hotel, Hotham. The charges of Sunday trading brought against William Kelleher, Commercial Hotel, Carlton; James Fitzgerald, Eglington Castle Hotel, Fitzroy; John Reid, Customs House Hotel, Port Melbourne; and John Stephens, Shannon and Shamrock Hotel, Hotham, were dismissed, and the conrt adjourned until 10 o'clock this morning.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article191201403 NEWS OF THE DAY. w:The Age Victoria, Australia 11 January 1888 15 April 2020 5 Trove 1888 03 Montague Hotel, South Melbourne, leased by Crawford's father is put up for auction SATURDAY, MARCH 24. CITY OF SOUTH MELBOURNE. EXTENSIVE SALE. Of VALUABLE FREEHOLD PROPERTY In MONTAGUE, PARK, and CECIL STREETS, and NELSON-ROAD, On SATURDAY, MARCH 24, Commencing at Three O'Clock, At the Corner of Montague and Park Streets. M. LARKIN, instructed by Charles B. Counsel, Esq, administrator of the estate of the late Catherine Counsel, of South Melbourne, will be sold by PUBLIC AUCTION, as above. Lot 1. The Montague Hotel is now in the occupation of Mr. G. H. Crawford at £208 per annum, whose lease will expire on the 6th day of October, 1891; and the adjoining shop, occupied by Mr. J. Holdoway as a baker's shop at an annual rental of £117. The hotel, which is substantially built on solid bluestone foundations, contains 14 rooms, a large billiard-room, and first-class cellar accommodation. The shop, which is of similar construction, containing six rooms, shop, bakehouse and large oven. The land has a frontage of 67ft. 6in. to Park-street, by a depth of 90ft. 6in. along Montague-street to a right-of-way at rear.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article6107335 Advertising w:The Argus (Melbourne) Victoria, Australia 3 March 1888 15 April 2020 3 Trove 1888 06 Crawford's father again charged and fined for Sunday trading SOME HARD SWEARING. At the South Melbourne Police Court today George Henry Crawford, licensee of the Montague Hotel, at the corner of Park and Montague streets, was charged with selling liquor on Sunday, the 3rd instant. The defendant was also charged with not having his bar door locked on that date. Mr Daly appeared for the defence. The evidence was to the effect that the police saw two men and a woman knock at the side door, and gain admittance. Whilst Constable Moore watched this door Sergeant Reardon entered by another door, and saw a man drinking in the passage. On seeing the officer, he let the glass drop. It contained ale. The bar window was open, the door leading from the bar to the parlor was open, and there was a female in the bar. For the defence three persons boarding at the hotel, and another witness, stated that when the police came there was nobody drinking in the passage and the bar door was not open. Inspector Acton said that the defendant had been previously fined for selling liquor on Sunday. Mr Daley asked for proof of such conviction, and made the remark, "I never saw such a court," when he was taken to task by the Bench. The chairman (Cr Stead) said that this was the second time he had insulted the Bench) (once by hinting at their partiality), and they would not permit it. Mr Daley said he was very sorry, and withdrew the expression. The defendant was fined L10 for the first offence, and L5 on the second charge.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article241425939 SOME HARD SWEARING. w:The Herald Victoria, Australia 30 June 1888 15 April 2020 3 Trove 1889 1889 11 Licence for Montague Hotel transferred from Robert Wilson to Selina M. Crawford (would seem Crawford lost his publican's licence) METROPOLITAN LICENSING COURT. WEDNESDAY, NOV. 6. (Before His Honour Judge Molesworth, chairman, Mr. Call, P.M., and Mr. Shuter, P.M.) LICENCES TRANSFERRED. The following licenses were transferred: — Courthouse Hotel, Johnston-street, Collingwood, from Thomas Jones to M. J. Lafonta; Wheatsheaf Hotel, Brunswick-street, Fitzroy, from Kate Stephens to Mary Wedel; Carlton Club Hotel, Fitzroy, from William Kaye to Daniel McLennan; Montague Hotel, Montague-street, South Melbourne, from Robert Wilson to Selina M. Crawford; Lady Franklin Hotel, Wellington-street, Collingwood, from James J. Parsell to John V. Costello; Four Courts Hotel, William-street, from R. S. Wishart to Emanuel Hensley; Elms's Hotel, Spring-street, from William Poppins to Charles Keatings; Bayview Hotel, King-street, from Francis O'Connor to Daniel O'Dowd; George Hotel, George-street, Fitzroy, from George W. Harold to Peter Mayne; Elsternwick Hotel, Brighton-road, Elsternwick, from James Cannon to Andrew Y. Oastler; Royal Mail Hotel, Wellington-street, Windsor, from Catherine Murray to John McInerney.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article8569365 METROPOLITAN LICENSING COURT. w:The Argus (Melbourne) Victoria, Australia 7 November 1889 15 April 2020 11 Trove 1890s 1891 1891 07 Crawford's mother involved in a forgery matter CHARGE OF FORGERY. A young German named Carl Von Gerhardt was brought before the South Melbourne police court on Tuesday, charged with forging and uttering a cheque for £3 10s. on Selina Crawford, wife of Mr. G. H. Crawford, licensee of the Montague Hotel, Montague-street, on Saturday, the 21st February last. The cheque purported to be signed by James S. Thomson, M.D. It appears that the prisoner had been in Dr. Thomson's employ as a canvasser for the South Melbourne Provident Medical Society, and Mrs. Crawford knowing Dr. Thomson readily cashed the cheque. On the 8th of May Gerhardt was arrested by Detectives Ward and Macmanamy on a charge of obtaining money by means of a forged cheque on Mr. E. Zox, M.L.A., for which offence he is now serving a sentence of two years imprisonment, and he how appeared before the court on magistrate's order. Mrs. Crawford gave evidence to the effect that on the day named the prisoner came to the hotel and asked her to cash the cheque, saying it had been drawn by Dr. Thomson. The cheque was returned from the London Chartered Bank marked, "Signature not known." The prisoner' made no defence and was committed for trial at the Criminal Sessions to be held on the 15th July.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190620748 CHARGE OF FORGERY. w:The Age Victoria, Australia 2 July 1891 15 April 2020 6 Trove 1893 1893 07 Crawford's mother attempts to have her name place on the electoral roll but is subjected to scrutiny SOUTH MELBOURNE REVISION COURT. Alleged Attempt at Roll Stuffing. A court for the revision of the Voters' Roll, was held at the South Melbourne Town Hall, on Tuesday. There were present, the Mayor (Cr. T. A. Thistlethwaite) and the whole of the council, with the exception of Cr. Boyd. A large number of ratepayers were in attendance and took great interest in the proceedings. A number of objections were allowed and the proceedings were of a very tame character until: Mr. James Page, ex-valuer, applied to have the name of Selina Crawford, licensee of the Montague Hotel, Montague-street, placed on the roll of ratepaying electors. Mr. Henry, city valuer, objected to the application being granted. Mr. Crawford, applicant's husband, was on the roll and he contended that without it could be shown that parties have a joint interest in the hotel business, Mrs. Crawford's name could not be legally placed on the list of ratepaying electors. Cr. Gittus, was of opinion that the objection was vaiid. Before Mrs. Crawford could obtain a vote for the hotel premises, irrespective of her husband, it must be proved that the husband and wife had a joint interest in the business concern. Cr. White, M.L.A., said Mrs. Crawford was licensee of the hotel and she was entitled to have a vote and that her claim should not be prejudiced by the fact that her husband had a vote for the same premises. Cr. Neville reminded the court that last year similar applications were refused. After some remarks by Cr. Stead, it was decided to summon Mr. and Mrs. Crawford to appear before the court next day and give evidence re their business relations.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article117923855 SOUTH MELBOURNE REVISION COURT. w:Record Victoria, Australia 29 July 1893 15 April 2020 3 Trove 1895 1895 12 Death notice for Crawford's father THE FAMILY CIRCLE. DEATHS. CRAWFORD.— On the 4th December, at his late residence, Montague Hotel, Montague street, South Melbourne, G. H. Crawford, the dearly loved husband of S. M. Crawford, after Iong suffering. Aged 54.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article241293744 Family Notices w:The Herald Victoria, Australia 4 December 1895 16 April 2020 2 Trove Death notice & brief obituary for Crawford's father Death of an ex-Bendigonian.— News was received yesterday by his relatives in Bendigo of the death of Mr George Hunter Crawford, who has been licensee for nearly 20 years past of the Montague Hotel, South Melbourne. Mr Crawford, who was highly respected by a large circle of friends, both in Melbourne and Bendigo, was the youngest brother of the late Messrs Charles and William Crawford, of Bendigo, and before going into the hotel business worked with them in Bendigo as a building contractor. He was about 57 years of age. The immediate cause of death was asthma and bronchitis, but he had been in indifferent health for a long time past. He leaves a widow, a grown up married daughter, and three young sons. The interment will take place in Melbourne, and will be attended by the Messrs Crawford, of Bendigo (the deceased's nephews) and the Messrs Forster (cousins).http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article187787450 SUPREME COURT OR COUNTY COURT? w:The Bendigo Independent Victoria, Australia 5 December 1895 16 April 2020 2 Trove As previous, a little more detail Death of a Former Resident of Bendigo.— Last evening news was received of the death of Mr. G. H. Crawford, a former resident of Bendigo. The deceased gentleman, who was the licensee of the Montague hotel, South Mel-bourne, had been for some time past suffering from asthma and bronchitis. Some years ago he was the licensee of the Coach and Horses hotel, and old Bendigonians will remember him, as he was the youngest brother of the late Mr. Charles Crawford of the Bath hotel, Charing Cross. The deceased gentleman was held in high respect by all who knew him. He leaves a widow and grown-up family of five sons and a daughter, who is married to Mr. C. Duke, one of the proprietors of Duke's dock, Melbourne. The Messrs. Crawford brothers and Forster brothers of this city are his nephews.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article88901028 Advertising w:Bendigo Advertiser Victoria, Australia 5 December 1895 16 April 2020 2 Trove Funeral notice for Crawford's father FUNERAL NOTICES. THE Friends of the late Mr. GEORGE HUNTER CRAWFORD are respectfully invited to follow his remains to the place of interment, the St. Kilda Cemetery. The funeral will leave his late residence, Montague Hotel, corner of Montague and Park streets, South Melbourne, THIS DAY (Friday), 6th December, 1895, at 3 o'clock. JOHN ALLISON, Undertaker and Embalmer, Head office, Simpson's-road, Richmond (telephone 1003); Sydney-road, Brunswick (telephone 1105); and at Bridport and Merton streets, South Melbourne. The Lodge of Emerald Hill, No. 81, W.V.C.— The Officers and Brethren of the above Lodge are respectfully requested to follow the remains of our late brother, G. H. CRAWFORD, to the place of interment, the Melbourne General Cemetery. The funeral will leave his late residence, Montague Hotel, Montague-street, South Melbourne, THIS DAY (Friday), 6th inst., at 3 o'clock. Z. GRAY, Secretary.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197208075 Family Notices w:The Age Victoria, Australia 6 December 1895 16 April 2020 8 Trove Crawford's mother applies for probate LAW NOTICES. APPLICATION for PROBATE.— Notice is hereby given that after the expiration of fourteen days from the publication hereof Application will be made to the Supreme Court, in its probate jurisdiction, that Probate of the WILL of GEORGE HUNTER CRAWFORD, late of Montague-street, South Melbourne, in Victoria, Licensed Victualler, deceased, may be GRANTED to Selina Mary Crawford, of the said address, widow, being the executrix appointed by the said will. Dated this 12th day of December, 1895.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197201247 Advertising w:The Age Victoria, Australia 13 December 1895 16 April 2020 8 Trove 1896 1896 02 Probate granted on the estate of Crawford's father PROBATES AND LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION. The registrar of probates has granted pro-bate of the wills of . . . George Hunter Crawford, £220;http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article139721565 PROBATES AND LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION. w:The Australasian Victoria, Australia 8 February 1896 16 April 2020 20 Trove 1899 1899 05 Crawford's mother asks South Melbourne City Council to install a street lamp outside her Montague Hotel SOUTH MELBOURNE CITY COUNCIL. ORDINARY MEETING. Wednesday, May 10, 1899. The ordinary meeting of the South Melbourne City Council was held on Wednesday evening last, when there were present:— His Worship the Mayor (Cr. Cockbill), Crs. Baragwanath, Baster, Major, Mountain, Cameron, McArthur, Craine, Mills, Palmer, Stead, Owen, Sloss and Ashworth. Apology for non-attendance from Cr. White. THE MINUTES of the previous meeting were read by the Town Clerk (Mr. F. G. Miles) and duly confirmed. CORRESPONDENCE RECEIVED. . . . From S. M. Crawford, Montague Hotel, asking that a lamp be erected at the corner of Montague and Park streets.— Referred to Lighting Committee.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108490445 SOUTH MELBOURNE CITY COUNCIL. w:Record Victoria, Australia 13 May 1899 16 April 2020 5 Trove 1900s 1900 1900 03 Crawford contributes to the Examiner Imperial Patriotic Fund (Boer War) "EXAMINER" IMPERIAL PATRIOTIC FUND. Already acknowledged ..... £346 16 6 From three Tasmanian-born children of Captain W. Kelly, late of Launceston and Ulverstone ... 3 3 0 Proceeds of second patriotic concert at George Town ................... 3 2 0 Monthly subscriptions from George Town, per Mr. W. A. Huxtable .......... 5 19 5 £359 0 11 The names of the monthly subscribers at Tamar Heads and George Town are as follow:— S. Axup, 2s; C. L. Bladen, 5s; Mr. Edwards, 2s; A. Geale, 1s; J. K. James, 5s; W. A. Huxtable, 1s; J. Mears, 6s; T. Quinn, 2s; E. Rodman, 2s; G. W. Planck, 2s 6d; A. Stephens, 2s 6d; W. Woodberry, 2s; H. K. Harris, 2s; F. Woods, 1s; W. S. T. Crawford, 1s; H. Flannagan, 2s; E. Brown, 1s 9d; W. Daymon, 1s; Rev. Spink, 1s; John Garrett, 2s; Jas. Garrett, 1s; Mr. Harley, 2s; E. Day, 1s; D. J. Knox, 1s; Jas. Stephens, 1s; Albt. Daniels, 2s; Mrs. Fox, 1s; Miss Walsh, 1s; H. Weight, 2s; J. Remington, 1s; T. Clifton, 1s; Warren and Sons, 2s 6d; A. Jenkins, 2s; Geo. Jenner, 2s; Jimmy Ah Hung, 1s; Boots, 1s; M. Callaghan, 1s; J. Griffiths, 1s; R. E. Mead, 2s 6d; E. Calcraft, 1s; Mr. Driscoll, 2s; T. H. Simpson, 5s; H. Daniels, 2s; W. Weight, 2s; T. V. Brown, 2s; T. Tiffen, 1s; Mrs. Allen, 1s; Mr. O'Brien, 1s; S. Andrews, 1s; A. McKenzie, 1s; H. J. E. Lawrence, 4s 2d; per J. Meers (name forgotten), 1s; C. Stephenson, 2s; E. Daniels, 4s; W. Parish, 1s; W. Petrie, 1s; M. Simpson, 1s; collected by Mrs. Westrope, 8s 6d; C. Goff, 1s.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35350101 "EXAMINER" IMPERIAL PATRIOTIC FUND. w:The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 23 March 1900 11 April 2020 6 (DAILY.) Trove 1900 05 Crawford subscribes a shilling to the Examiner Imperial Patriotic Fund (Boer War) "EXAMINER" IMPERIAL PATRIOTIC FUND". Already acknowledged . . . . £538 15s 2d, Monthly subscription from George Town, per Mr. J. K. James, as per list . . . . £3 6s 6d, Total £542 1s 8d. . . . GEORGE TOWN LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. S. Axup, 2s; L. Bladen, 5s; A. H. Edwards, 2s; A. Geale, 2s; C. Goff, 1s; H. K. Harris, 4s; J. K. James, 5s; W. Huxtable, 6s; J. Mears, 6s; T. Quinn, 2s; G. Planck, 1s; W. Woodberry, 2s; F. Woods, 1s; W. T. S. Crawford, 1s; H. Flannagan, 1s; E. Brown, 2s; J. Garrett, 2s; — Harley, 2s; A. Daniels, 2s; E. Daniel's, 2s; Mrs. Fox, 1s; Miss Walsh, 1s; T. Clifton, 2s; Jas. Garrett, 1s; H. Weight, 2s; Warren and Sons, 2s 6d; A. Jenkins, 2s; J. Remington, 1s; W. Weight. 2s; S. Andrews, jun., 1s. Total, £3 6s 6d.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35357367 "EXAMINER" IMPERIAL PATRIOTIC FUND. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 24 May 1900 10 April 2020 6 (DAILY.) Trove http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35357366 GEORGE TOWN LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. w:The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 24 May 1900 10 April 2020 6 (DAILY.) Trove 1900 10 Crawford elected Hon. Secretary, Committee Member, Match Committee at annual general meeting of the George Town Cricket Club GEORGE TOWN CLUB. The annual meeting of the George Town Club was held recently, when satisfaction was expressed at the state of affairs disclosed by the report and balance-sheet. Mr. J. K. James was appointed to the chair. The report showed that eight matches had been played last season, resulting in four being won, three lost, and one drawn. In batting E. L. James topped the list with the highest individual and aggregate score. He had the fine average of 72.5 runs. In bowling, H. Campbell and J. H. Remington tied with an average of 6.4 runs per wicket. The laying of the cement pitch was the great event of the season. The election of office-bearers for the ensuing season resulted as follows: Patrons, Messrs. C. Dempster and T. H. Walduck, M.H.A.; president, Mr. A. Evans; vice-president, Rev. E. C. Spink, Dr. Morris, Messrs. C. Macpherson, R. Darby, J. Garrett, and T. V. Brown; captain, Mr. E. W. Day; vice-captain, Mr. A. Campbell; hon. secretary, Mr. W. T. S. Crawford; hon. treasurer, Mr. C. L. Baden; committee, Messrs. E. W. Day, A. Campbell, W. T. S. Crawford, C. L. Baden, J. K. James, E. Clark, and A. Jenkins; match committee, Messrs. E. W. Day. A. Campbell, and W. T. S. Crawford. A bat has been presented by Mr. C. Dempster for the highest batting average. A concert under the auspices of the above club was held in the Public Hall, George Town, on Wednesday evening. The attendance was moderate, and the Rev. E. C. Spink occupied the chair. A long and varied programme, consisting of vocal and instrumental selections, readings, and tableaux, was safely negotiated. A gramophone, kindly lent for the occasion by Messrs. A. W. Birchall and Son, and a few special records by Messrs. Munnew and Findlay, of Launceston, were much appreciated. Great praise is due to Mrs. Woodberry for the able manner in which she arranged the tableaux. The evening's entertainment was closed by the chairman calling for a vote of thanks for the performers, which was heartily responded to. The concert was a financial success, and the club will benefit considerably.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35375469 GEORGE TOWN CLUB. w:The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 22 October 1900 11 April 2020 3 (DAILY) Trove 1900 11 Crawford's bowling in a cricket match against the Beaconsfield Miners described as "deadly" CRICKET. . . . GEORGE TOWN ASSOCIATION. . . . On Saturday, the 10th, the Miners, a Beaconsfield team, journeyed to George Town and played their opening match. The scoring on both sides was low, owing to the wind and boisterous weather. The Miners had first use of the wicket, but were all disposed of for 16. The bowling of Campbell and Crawford was very deadly, especially Campbell's. George Town in their first innings could only raise 42, Simpson and Armstrong doing the trundling. In the second innings the Miners pulled themselves together, making 71 for five wickets down, S. Wellington (15 not out), Parish (18), and Armstrong (11) being the principal scorers. George Town had five down for 25 when time was called, leaving them victors by 26 on the first innings. The Miners and George Town both fielded well, Bomford, the wicket keeper of the former, being exceptionally good. The result of the match would probably have been different if the steamer had not been almost an hour late at Beauty Point unloading, which delayed the arrival of the team at George Town.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35378722 CRICKET w:The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 17 November 1900 11 April 2020 7 (DAILY) Trove 1900 12 Crawford again plays well for George Town Cricket Association GEORGE TOWN ASSOCIATION. . . . On Saturday the final match of the first rond was played at Beaconsfield between George Town and the B.C.C., resulting in a win for the latter by 69 runs on the first innings. The B.C.C. batted first, and made 164, of which W. Ellis contributed. by sound cricket 84 not out. His innings was well worth watching, his play all round the wicket being exceptionally brilliant. Others to reach double figures were F. Borne (16), J. Tresize (14), and W. Tregaskis (11). The bowling for George Town was done by Jenkins (three for 47), Campbell (two for 31), Gladstone (two for 36), Petrie (one for 16), and Day (one for 20). George Town in their first attempt were disposed of for 97, E. Day being .responsible for 33, obtained by careful cricket. Planck batted vigorously for 18, whilst Crawford (12) and Jenkins (11) also reached double figures. In bowling, D. Herbert (two for 8), H. Walduck (two for 11), J. Tresize (four for 48), and J. Robinson (one for 27) were successful. George Town in their follow on had seven wickets down for 42, Planck (14) again hitting well. In bowling, W. Tregaskis, a very promising all-round colt, obtained three for 16, his trundling being even better than it appears. J. Robinson (two for 18) and Tresize (two for 3) obtained the other wickets. There was a marked improvement in the B.C.C. fielding, whilst that of George Town was not up to its usual standard.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35381813 GEORGE TOWN ASSOCIATION. w:The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 14 December 1900 11 April 2020 3 (DAILY) Trove 1901 1901 03 Crawford again plays well against Beaconsfield CRICKET. . . . A correspondent writes:— On the Beaconsfield Reserve on Saturday the George Town and Beaconsfield clubs met for a third time, when, after an exciting finish, the latter won by 86 runs. In the absence of G. Caldwell, H. Walduck was elected captain of the Beaconsfield team. He lost the toss with E. Day, of George Town, and went to the wickets. With one wicket down for 19, H. Walduck joined F. Borne, who was playing effective cricket. Things now became lively, H. Walduck scoring off the first five balls sent his way no less than 16. Eight bowlers were tried, but without effect, until the score had reached 103, when F. Borne, who had 51 to his credit, was well caught by Fisher. Borne hit eleven 3's, and was never seen to better advantage. H. Walduck was caught next ball, with 45 to his credit, which score included eight 3's and one 4. The next partnership was between R. Wood and J. Tregaskis, the latter making 63 in great style; in fact, it seemed like the cricket of days gone by, when A. J. Hocking and others were with us. Too much credit cannot be bestowed upon the all-round display of J. Tregaskis, the only drawback being his inability to run well, by which R. Wood, who took over an hour to compile 15, suffered considerably. I might state that R. Wood is noted for his partnerships. At 5 o'clock the innings was closed, with seven wickets down for 195, leaving the visitors exactly one hour and a half to wipe off the score. In bowling for George Town, A. Jenkins was the most successful, obtaining five wickets for 77, whilst Huxtable got one for 37. George Town opened their account with Patterson and Huxtable, but no stand was made until Jenkins (32) and Crawford (21) got together, when some fine cricket was shown. Campbell (13) also batted freely. The innings closed at 27 minutes past 6 for 109, leaving the B.C.C. victors by 86. In bowling, J. Tresize (five for 44) trundled well, keeping a good length throughout the game, and bowling the two last wickets five minutes before time. F. Borne (three for 34) and H. Walduck (one for 7) obtained the remaining wickets. The fielding was only moderate, but the George Town men must be complimented for their untiring zeal.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35391827 CRICKET. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 9 March 1901 11 April 2020 5 (DAILY) Trove 1901 04 First reference to Crawford's participation in rifle shooting, Crawford would appear also to be in the citizen's military force RIFLE SHOOTING. Following is the result of the third and final competition in rine shooting by the George Town detachment for prizes, including gold and silver medals:— Third Competition. 200 300 400 yds. yds. yds. Hdp. Tl. Cpl. Bladen ........ 21 .. 17 .. 20 .. sc .. 58 Pte. Crawford ... 19 .. 15 .. 16 .. 7 .. 57 Lieut. Huxtable .. 17 .. 15 .. 19 .. sc .. 51 Pte. Clarke ....... 10 .. 12 .. 8 .. 15 .. 51 Col.-Sgt. Harris ..... 14 .. 13 .. 19 .. sc .. 46 Pte. Quinn .......... 10 .. 12 .. 9 .. 15 .. 46 Pte. Brown ....... 7 .. 6 .. 8 .. 25 .. 46 Pte. Clifton ...... 19 .. 12 .. 12 .. sc .. 43http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35395586 RIFLE SHOOTING. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 11 April 1901 18 April 2020 3 (DAILY) Trove As a result of the previous round, Crawford takes out Gold Medal in the detachment competition RIFLE SHOOTING. Result of third and final competition in rifle shooting by the George Town detatchment for prizes, including gold and silver medals. Third Competition: 200 300 400 yds. yds. yds. Hdp. Tl. Aggregate for 3 Competitions Pte. Crawford ... 19 .. 15 .. 16 .. 7 .. 57 .. 16? Cpl. Bladen ........ 21 .. 17 .. 20 .. sc .. 58 .. 160 Pte. Clarke ....... 10 .. 12 .. 8 .. 15 .. 51 .. 159 Col.-Sgt. Harris ..... 14 .. 13 .. 19 .. sc .. 46 .. 147 Pte. Clifton ...... 19 .. 12 .. 12 .. sc .. 43 .. 14? Lieut. Huxtable .. 17 .. 15 .. 19 .. sc .. 51 .. 140 Pte. Quinn .......... 10 .. 12 .. 9 .. 15 .. 46 .. - Pte. Brown ....... 7 .. 6 .. 8 .. 25 .. 46 .. 134 <http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153960996 RIFLE SHOOTING Daily Telegraph Tasmania, Australia 12 April 1901 18 April 2020 3 Trove 1901 05 Crawford transfers from George Town cable station (Eastern and Australian Extension Telegraph Company) to PMGD Queenstown in the operating room (telegraphist) QUEENSTOWN NEWS. . . . POSTAL STAFF APPOINTMENTS.— Mr E. C. Weatherhead, of the Queenstown Post Office, has been transferred from the telegraphic to the postal branch. The vacancy thus caused in the operating room has been filled by the appointment of Mr W. T. S. Crawford, of the Cable Station, George Town. Master Frank Weston has been appointed operating probationer, vice Master A. Seabrook, resigned. Master Tasman Farr has been appointed letter carrier, vice Mr J. Ingles, resigned, whilst the vacancy thus caused in the ranks of the messengers have been filled by the appointment of Masters Athol Smith and William Albert Dawson.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232838737 QUEENSTOWN NEWS The Mount Lyell Standard And Strahan Gazette Tasmania, Australia 10 May 1901 11 April 2020 2 Trove Crawford hires the local George Town Hall as a farewell to his friends in George Town GEORGETOWN. On Wednesday, the 8th inst. the most enjoyable social of the season was held at the George Town Hall. The friends of Mr W. Crawford, who is leaving the cable company's service to join the Government service, thought it.would be the most satisfactory way for him to bid his friends farewell. Both ladies and: gentlemen worked hard to make the evening a decided success. The supper, thanks to the ladies, was all that could be desired. Dancing commenced about 8 p.m., and continued until about 2 a.m. the next day. Miss Alice Grant contributed two songs, Mrs Woodberry one, and Miss Rosale Walker contributed several pianoforte selections, which were much appreciated. Much regret is expressed at the departure of Mr Crawford, who has taken a lively interest in anything that promoted the welfare of George Town. He was always ready with both money and real hard work, to help, and all wish him success in his new career.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article157732986 GEORGETOWN Daily Telegraph Tasmania, Australia 14 May 1901 11 April 2020 3 Trove Crawford also farewelled at the Pier Hotel CURRENT TOPICS. . . . A Farewell.— A correspondent writes to say that a public meeting was held at the Pier Hotel, George Town, on Monday evening for the purpose of presenting Mr. W. Crawford with a small souvenir of his residence in the district. The members of the George Town Quadrille Assembly also entertained Mr. Crawford at a dance prior to his leaving the township for the West Coast.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35400092 CURRENT TOPICS. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 17 May 1901 11 April 2020 5 (DAILY) Trove As previous, further detail GEORGETOWN. On Monday evening a public meeting was held at the Pier Hotel, George Town, for the purpose of presenting Mr W. Crawford with a small souvenir, in recognition of services rendered during his sojourn in the township. Owing to the inclemency of the weather the attendance was small. Much regret was expressed at his departure. He has always taken a prominent part in the cricket and rifle clubs, as well as willingly giving his time and service in aid of concerts and entertainments of all kinds. His departure will, therefore, leave a vacancy which will require some filling. The residents hope that through the medium of the press they may hear of him again in these capacities. The presentation, which took the form of a clock, was made by Mr E. Day (captain of the cricket team), who, in a few words expressed the sentiments of the company present. Mr Crawford replied suitably thanking all for the useful present they had given him. His health was then proposed by Mr J. Paterson, which was heartily responded to. Songs were rendered during the evening, and a most enjoyable time was spent.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article157730802 GEORGETOWN Daily Telegraph Tasmania, Australia 18 May 1901 11 April 2020 8 Trove 1901 06 Crawford's wife and mother attend South Melbourne Mayoral reception THE MAYORAL RECEPTION. The reception held by the Mayoress of South Melbourne in the Town Hall on Wednesday afternoon was a brilliant success in every way, all the leading citizens of the district being present, and a large number of visitors. The hall was beautifully decorated with foliage, pot plants, etc., the platform being a mass of greenery, behind which Ryan's string orchestra discoursed popular operatic airs during the afternoon. An efficient musical programme was rendered by Miss Mabel Mattingly, Miss Marion Jones, Miss Lillian Reid, and Messrs H. McKinery and C. Potter. The catering was in the hands of Mr. H. Skinner. The Mayoress received on a dais in front of the platform, and wore black corded silk with white lace and sequins, black hat relieved with white chiffon; Lady Gillott, black spotted silk voile, trimmed with jet, black toque trimmed with cream; . . . Mrs Crawford, black broche dress, sealette cape, black and white bonnet; . . . Mrs G. H. Crawford, Mrs W. T. S. Crawford,http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article162550980 THE MAYORAL RECEPTION. Record Victoria, Australia 8 June 1901 17 April 2020 2 Trove 1901 12 Crawford's appointment as operator (telegraphist) Queenstown with PMGD is confirmed, effective 7 June 1901 (no doubt after conclusion of 6 month probationary period) Commonwealth of Australia. Postmaster-General's Department, 29th November, 1901. TASMANIA. HIS Excellency the Governor-General in and over the Commonwealth of Australia, by and with the advice of the Executive Council thereof, has been pleased to approve of the following appointments, transfers, &c., in the Postmaster-General's Department in the State of Tasmania to take effect from the date set opposite the respective names:— Appointments. . . . W. T. S. Crawford, Operator, Queenstown, 7th June, 1901.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232126629 TASMANIA. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 6 December 1901 11 April 2020 262 Trove Crawford listed in annual Index to Commonwealth Public Service Crawford, W. T. S., Tas. P.M.G.'s Dept., appointed operator, Queenstown, 262.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232126685 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1901 11 April 2020 7 Trove 1903 1903 01 Birth notice for Crawford's first child Alice Beryl BIRTHS. . . . CRAWFORD.—On the 29th November, at 357 Park-street, South Melbourne, the wife of W. T. S. Crawford — a daughter.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197903791 Family Notices The Age Victoria, Australia 3 January 1903 17 April 2020 5 Trove 1903 08 Crawford transferred at level (Operator = Telegraphist) within the PMGD from Queenstown to Launceston Commonwealth of Australia. Postmaster-General's Department, 26th August, 1903. THE following transfers have been approved, and resignations accepted, in accordance with the provisions of the Commonwealth Public Service Act 1902 and Regulations there-under, namely:— . . . TASMANIA. W. T. S. Crawford, Operator, Queenstown, to be Operator, Launceston. P. O. FYSH, Postmaster-General.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232345004 Government Gazette Appointments and Employment Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 29 August 1903 12 April 2020 483 Trove 1903 09 Crawford transferred at level (Operator = Telegraphist) within the PMGD from Queenstown to Launceston (as previous) "Commonwealth Gazette" notices, August 29: Australian Garrison Artillery (Volunteers), No. 1 Tasmanian Company, Lieutenant Edwin Herbert Webster resigns his commission. First Tasmanian Infantry Regiment, Captain Edward George Innes, to the Unattached List. The position of clerk (telephone attendant) at Gormanston abolished, and the position of clerk (telephone attendant) at Hobart created in lieu thereof. W. T. S. Crawford, operator, Queenstown, to be operator, Launceston.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article153914084 No title Daily Telegraph Tasmania, Australia 1 September 1903 11 April 2020 2 Trove 1903 12 Crawford's transfer in Aug 1903, listed in annual index of Commonwealth Gazette Crawford, W. T. S., operator, P.M.G.'s Dept., Tas., transfer, 483.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232345855 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1903 12 April 2020 12 Trove 1904 1904 06 Crawford, along with every Commonwealth public servant has his position reviewed, position renamed Operator to Telegraphist, salary increased Classification of the Commonwealth Public Service. Postmaster-General's Department, Telegraph Branch, Launceston Page No.: 55 Name.: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth.: 14.12.80 Particulars of Service, &c. Under State. Office.: N/A Date of First Appointment. N/A Division.: N/A Salary.: N/A Under Commonwealth. Office.: Operator Date of Appointment or of Transfer.: 7.6.01 Total Service in Years, State and Commonwealth.: 2 Salary.: L140 0s 0d Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances.: N/A District.: Miscellaneous.: Classification. Work. Office.: Telegraphist Division.: C Class or Grade.: 5 Officer. Class or Grade.: 5 Subdivision.: 6 Salary (including Rent).: L160 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. N/A District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/Ahttp://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232524510 CLASSIFICATION OF THE COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 30 June 1904 12 April 2020 762 Trove 1904 11 Crawford's wife attends Mayoral reception in Launceston MAYORAL RECEPTION. BY SYLVIA. The reception given by the Mayor and Mayoress (Alderman J. W. Pepper and Mrs. Pepper) at the Albert Hall, yesterday afternoon, to welcome the Governor (Sir Gerald Strickland) and Lady Edeline Strickland to Launceston, was one of the pleasantest functions that has taken place in the city for some time. The weather was delightful, and the attendance of ladies and gentlemen very large. The hall had been lavishly decorated for the occasion, and arranged as a drawing-room. The centre, where the Mayor and Mayoress received, was made beautiful with masses of cream and pink roses, trailing in graceful sprays, in baskets, bowls, and wicker stands, large bowls of arum lilies and white peonies, and numerous foliage plants giving a charming effect. Throughout the hall there were quantities of beautiful flowers and plants. A number of very fine oil paintings, resting upon draped easels, kindly lent by Mrs. G. Collins, an artist who has recently opened a studio in Launceston, were seen to great advantage as part of the tasteful furnishing. Afternoon tea, with all kinds of dainties, as well as strawberries and cream, were served during the afternoon. A programme of music, under the direction of the city organist (Mr. W. W. Thornthwaite) was given as follows:— . . . "THE DRESSES" . . . "THE CARDS" The following is a complete list of the cards presented:—. . . Mrs. W. T. S. Crawford, . . .http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35828887 MAYORAL RECEPTION. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 16 November 1904 17 April 2020 6 (DAILY.) Trove http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35828886 THE DRESSES. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 16 November 1904 17 April 2020 6 (DAILY.) Trove http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article35828923 THE CARDS. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 16 November 1904 17 April 2020 7 (DAILY.) Trove 1906 1906 04 Crawford, details included in list of all Commonwealth public servants, as at 19 Apr 1906 Postmaster-General's Department, Tasmania. Launceston. Grade II. Page No.: 34 Name.: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth.: 14.12.80 Particulars of Service, &c. Under State. Office.: N/A Date of First Appointment.: N/A Division.: N/A Salary.: N/A Under Commonwealth. Office.: Telegraphist Date of Appointment or of Transfer.: 7.6.01 Total Service in Years, State and Commonwealth.: 4 Salary.: L160 0s 0d Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances.: N/A District.: Miscellaneous.: Classification. Work. Office.: Telegraphist Division.: C Class or Grade.: 5 Officer. Class or Grade.: 5 Subdivision.: 6 Salary (including Rent).: L160 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. N/A District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/Ahttp://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232351074 POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. TASMANIA. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 19 April 1906 12 April 2020 593 Trove 1907 1907 01 Crawford, details included in list of all Commonwealth public servants, as at 1 January 1907 Postmaster-General's Department, Tasmania. Launceston. Grade II. Page No.: 18 Name.: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth.: 14.12.80 Particulars of Service, &c. Under State. Office.: N/A Date of First Appointment.: N/A Division.: N/A Salary.: N/A Under Commonwealth. Date of Appointment or of Transfer.: 7.6.01 Work Office.: Telegraphist Division: C Class or Grade: 5 Officer. Class or Grade.: 5 Subdivision.: 6 Salary (including Rent).: L160 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. N/A District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/Ahttp://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232351074 POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. TASMANIA. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 19 April 1906 12 April 2020 593 Trove 1909 1909 03 Crawford receives a long service salary increment Postmaster-General's Department, Ex. Min. 40. 19th March, 1909. HIS Excellency the Governfir-General, by and with the advice of the Federal Executive Council, has approved that the following staff changes, &c., be made in the Postmaster-General's Department, namely: . . . Tasmania . . . Long Service Increment to Officers. The undermentioned officers of the Fifth Class, Clerical Division, have been granted a long service increment at the rates shown opposite their respective names, as from 1st July, 1908, viz.:— . . . W. T. S. Crawford, Launceston, £10 per annum. R. W. Moves, Launceston, £10 per annum. JOSIAH THOMAS, Postmaster-General.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232353517 Government Gazette Appointments and Employment Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 27 March 1909 21 April 2020 891 Trove 1909 12 Crawford included in index to Commonwealth Gazette for his earlier long-service increment Crawford, W. T. S., P.M.G.'s Dept., Tas., long-service increment, 891.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232365283 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1909 21 April 2020 26 Trove 1910s 1910 1910 02 Crawford, details included in list of all Commonwealth public servants, as at 1 January 1910 Postmaster-General's Department, Tasmania. Launceston. Grade II. Page No.: 19 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth: 14.12.80 Particulars of Service, &c. Under State. Office: N/A Date of First Appointment: N/A Division: N/A Salary on Transfer to Commonwealth: N/A Under Commonwealth. Date of Appointment or of Transfer: 7.6.01 Work Office.: Telegraphist Division: C Class or Grade: 5 Officer. Class or Grade.: 5 Subdivision.: 6 Salary (including Rent).: L170 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. N/A District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/A Present Salary received from: 1.7.08http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232460421 LIST OF PERMANENT OFFICERS OF THE COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 1 February 1910 21 April 2020 452 Trove 1910 07 Crawford from telegraphist Launceston to postmaster George Town THE COMMONWEALTH. ("Daily Telegraph" Special Copyright.) POSTAL CHANGES. MELBOURNE, Sunday.— The following postal changes, promotion, and transfers have been made:— William Tamillas Stephen Crawford, telegraphist, in fifth class, Launceston, to be postmaster in grade 4 at George Town. . . .http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article152238350 THE COMMONWEALTH Daily Telegraph Tasmania, Australia 11 July 1910 17 April 2020 2 Trove 1911 1911 01 Crawford, at George Town, a member of the Australian Natives Association, is interviewed by its Launceston branch secretary The A.N.A.— The first meeting in the New Year of the Australian Natives' Association was held on Thursday evening in the classroom of the Mechanics' Institute, the president, Mr. A. C. Mathers, being in the chair. The newly elected committee first met, and transacted several matters of importance to the branch, and the president seized the opportunity of welcoming Mr. W. J. Bird, who suitably replied. Messrs. W. Farmer, C. Thomas, and W. J. Crossin were appointed permanent scrutineers. There were two propositions received for candidature as full benefit members. Two matters of considerable interest were placed on the agenda paper for discussion at the next conference. An address recently delivered by Sir George Reid eulogising the resources of Australia was tabled for persual. After several other subjects of branch importance had been discussed, the secretary reported interviews he had had with country members — Messrs. W. T. S. Crawford and J. W. Murray — during the holidays. The resignation of Mr. R. S. Jowett from the committee was received with regret.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50455808 CURRENT TOPICS. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 7 January 1911 18 April 2020 6 (DAILY) Trove 1911 03 H. A. Livermore, who is fined in June 1916 for possession of illegal wireless apparatus, shares a hobby interest in rifle shooting with Crawford RIFLE NOTES. The points for last Saturday's shoot are:— . . . H. A. Livermore 5,49,54 . . .http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article73477960 RIFLE NOTES. Independent Victoria, Australia 25 March 1911 19 April 2020 3 Trove 1911 12 Commonwealth decides to advertise for OICs and 2ICs for new wireless stations, including VIH Hobart OFFICERS FOR WIRELESS STATIONS. In view of the decision of the Federal Government to establish wireless telegraphy stations at Hobart, Thursday Island, and Port Moresby, the Public Service Commissioner is inviting applications for the positions of officer in charge at each of these places, and of assistant operator. In addition an assistant operator is required for Melbourne. The salary attached to the position of officer in charge will range from £210 to £300 a year.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article152431690 OFFICERS FOR WIRELESS STATIONS Daily Telegraph Tasmania, Australia 22 December 1911 18 April 2020 4 Trove 1912 1912 02 VIM failed to communicate with HMS Drake at Hobart on its opening day, but situation rectified the following day NEWS OF THE DAY. . . . Officers of the Central Postal administration do not hide their disappointment at the failure of the Melbourne wireless station to communicate with Hobart during the aftcrnoon of the opening day, but their doubts about the capacity of the station have been removed by successful tests made yesterday. The officer in charge reported to the Postmaster-General that the station was working with complete success, and that he had been transmitting test messages "all round the place." Mr. Frazer is now preparing a new scale of charges, which will considerably cheapen the service to the public. He stated yesterday that he hoped to announce the changes shortly. As he cannot go higher than the international maximum now charged, this must mean a reduction from the 10d. rate. When Dr. Mawson left for the Antarctic seas he hoped that a small power wireless station he was installing at Macquarie Island would keep him in constant communication with civilisation. Unfortunately no word has been heard from Macquarie Island, showing that the station is not strong enough to communicate with the mainland or even with vessels in Hobart harbor. It was suggested yesterday that the Federal Government might come to the aid of the Macquarie Island station with the loan of more powerful equipment, but Mr. Frazer replied that the Government could not establish a station there at present. Unless the Postmaster-General will go to Dr. Mawson's assistance, his elaborate and expensive arrangements for communicating expedition and weather news from the Antarctic via Macquarie Island will break down.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article197409947 NEWS OF THE DAY. The Age Victoria, Australia 14 February 1912 23 April 2020 8 Trove 1912 03 Initial operating hours for VIH announced (blocks of 4 hours midday and evening), times to be reviewed after a fortnights' operation HOBART WIRELESS STATION. TO BE READY IN A FORTNIGHT. DETAILS OF THE PLANT. Good progress is being made with the work of constructing the wireless station on the Domain, and it is expected that the installation of the plant will be completed in about two weeks' time. Mr. J. G. Balsillie, the Commonwealth wireless expert, who arrived in Hobart on Tuesday night for the purpose of supervising the work, explained to a reporter of "The Daily Post" yesterday that the station would be of the same size as that recently erected in Melbourne, which is the standard type of those to be installed throughout Australia by the Postmaster-General. The Hobart station is the second of the series that is to be laid down in various parts of the Commonwealth, and when it is completed, Mr Balsillie intends to make preparations for the construction of stations at Port Moresby (Papua) and Thursday Island. The station at Hobart, which is primarily intended to communicate direct with Melbourne, will be capable of transmitting messages over a distance of 500 miles in the day time, and 1500 miles at night. The mast that is to be erected for the purpose of carrying the aerial wires will have a height of 184ft., and will be raised on the cantilever principle by means of a jury mast about 70ft. high. At present 16 men are employed at the site of the station, and within the next day or two the number will be increased to 40. It is hoped that the permanent mast will be in position not later than Wednesday next. The engine to be fitted up at the station will be driven by electricity, to be obtained from the local supply. A maximum of 15 horsepower will be available, but only a portion of it will be required for the transmission of messages. Two operators will be employed, and the hours of service will be from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m., and from 7 p.m. to 11 p.m., but after the plant has been in operation for a fortnight, these hours will be extended, and altered to suit the conditions of business. The charges for messages at present are sixpence per word land stations, and fourpence per word ship stations, plus the ordinary land line charges. Replying to a question, Mr Balsillie said he understood that the Postmaster-General had under consideration the question of the advisability of reducing these rates in the near future. Mr. Balsillie added that the station recently erected on the Domain at Melbourne was working most satisfactorily, and handling a large amount of business.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193313052 HOBART WIRELESS STATION Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 14 March 1912 19 April 2020 6 Trove Crawford announced as the operator in charge of VIH the new Hobart Coastal Wireless Station THE WIRELESS STATION. An event that created great interest in Hobart yesterday was the raising of the mast which is to support the aerials for Hobart's first wireless station. The situation of the station is on the highest point of the Domain just opposite the gates facing the New Town road, and the mast can be seen from all over Hobart. Last night to those who viewed it side on it was seen to be leaning to the north-west at an angle of 25 degrees. By this evening, however, it will be perpendicular and in readiness for the commencement of operations. The work of erection was no small order, for the mast is 184 feet in length and weighs 16 tons. In order to raise it from the ground the men, under the eye of Mr. Balsillie (Commonwealth wireless expert) carried out their duties in excellent fashion. The method employed in raising the mast was to rig a jury mast 60 feet high at the foot of the main mast. The two were then connected, forming the two sides of right angled triangle. Tackle was then run from the top of the jury mast to a huge hand winch, and to which eight men then hove on. As the ropes took the tremendous strain they creaked ominously, but held, and gradually the jury mast came over towards the capstan. This action raised the main-mast and as it did the foot was slipped into the deep concrete bed which has been prepared. Progress was slow, but as the mast became nearer the perpendicular work became easier, and four men were all that were required to work the winch. Operations ceased for the day at 6 p.m., and the mast was then standing at an angle of 25 degrees. Mr. Baisillie expects to have the mast in position by this evening. It is expected that the station will be in working order by Saturday next, but whether or not there will be an official opening has not yet been decided. The station will be tuned to the pitch of the one in Melbourne, and the first message will be despatched to the Victorian capital. Both the plants mentioned are of the same power, viz., 5 kilowatts, and are powerful enough to send messages 500 miles by day and 1000 miles by night. Portion of the Hobart station's gear arrived by the s.s. Wainui from Melbourne on Friday, and the work of setting it up is proceeding. Mr. Crawford, who has until lately been in charge of the cable department at Low Head, will be the operator-in-chief, and Mr. King, late of the s.s. Westralia, assistant operator.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193313696 THE WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 19 March 1912 18 April 2020 4 Trove As previous ABOUT PEOPLE. . . . Mr. W. Crawford, who has been in charge of the cable department at George Town, has been appointed operator in chief of the Hobart wireless station.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50643560 ABOUT PEOPLE. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 20 March 1912 18 April 2020 5 (DAILY) Trove Crawford on duty and reported assisting Don Macdonald and the remaining VIH construction staff in preparing the station for operation THE HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Most of the staff who have been employed, under the superintendence of Mr. D. McDonald, of the Home Affairs Department, in erecting the wireless station on the Domain, return to Melbourne today, in order to prepare for the erection of the next of the Commonwealth stations. The next two to be erected are at Thursday Island and at Port Moresby, in Papua, but it is not yet decided which of the two is to be taken first. A couple of men are remaining behind, and Mr. Crawford and Mr. King, who are to be in charge of the station, are also lending a hand in the work of preparation which remains to be done. The transformers, which are to get the necessary power for operating the station, have not yet arrived from Melbourne, but they are expected to be here shortly. Meantime, the work is being steadily proceeded with, and as soon as the power is made available the station will be ready for work. It is probable that a little later on something in the nature of a formal opening will be arranged.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10213192 THE HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 28 March 1912 19 April 2020 4 Trove Examiner's George Town correspondent notes Crawford leaving for Hobart and will be much missed ABOUT PEOPLE. . . . On Monday the former post and telegraph official at George Town, Mr. Crawford, took his departure for Hobart, to assume charge of the wireless telegraph station there. He will be very much missed, says our correspondent, both officially and socially. We wish him all prosperity in his new career.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article50644910 ABOUT PEOPLE. The Examiner (Tasmania) Tasmania, Australia 29 March 1912 18 April 2020 5 (DAILY) Trove Official opening of POH/VIH set as 13 April with Crawford as OIC OPENING OF WIRELESS STATION. The wireless telegraph station on the Domain will be opened for the transaction of business on April 13 next. At first the office hours will be from 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. and from 7 p.m. to 11 p.m. Messages for transmission by wireless should be handed in at the General Post Office like ordinary telegrams, and they will then be forwarded by telegraph or telephone to the Domain station. The rates for messages will be 6d. per word for shore stations and 4d. per word for ship stations, plus the usual land line charges, with a minimum charge per message of 8/4. Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, lately postmaster at George Town, will be in charge of the station, and will be assisted by Mr. C. King, formerly wireless operator on s.s. Westralia.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article193315621 OPENING OF WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 30 March 1912 19 April 2020 6 Trove 1912 06 Crawford The Hobart wireless station was in communication with the following wireless stations yesterday:— Macquarie Island; s.s. Maunganui, Bluff to Hobart; and R.M.S. Tainui, London to Hobart.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10227022 IMPORTS. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 5 June 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1912 07 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station was yesterday in communication with the following:— Dusseldorf, s.s.; Levuka, s.s.; Riverina, s.s.; Themistocles, s.s.; Maunganui, s.s. Sydney to Auckland; Adelaide, s.s.; Albury, s.s.; Marmora, R.M.S.; Moana, s.s.; Grantala, s.s.; Cooma, s.s.; Bombala, s.s.; Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10232177 WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 1 July 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1912 08 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station was in touch with the following vessels yesterday:— Osterlew, R.M.S., Melbourne to Sydney; Moeraki, s.s., Bluff to Hobart; Maloja, R.M.S., Melbourne to Adelaide; Mannheim, s.s., left Port Pirie yesterday; Warrimo, s.s., Melbourne to Hobart; Riverina, s.s., Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10238619 WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 1 August 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1912 09 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reports having yesterday communicated with the following ships:— Karoola, Ulimaroa, Orama, Orsova, Moeraki, Mooltan, Argyleshire, Waimara, Athenic; and with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189094698 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 2 September 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove Crawford, not mentioned by name but clearly involved in a debate about efficacy of VIH HOBART WIRELESS STATION. QUESTION OF ITS EFFICIENCY. DISCUSSION BY THE MARINE BOARD. The question of the efficiency of the Hobart wireless telegraph station was brought before the Hobart Marine Board at its meeting yesterday by Hon. J. W. Evans, M.H.A. In introducing the question, Mr. Evans said the working of the Hobart wireless station had not been a success by any means. The local agents had no chance of getting any knowledge of the whereabouts of their vessels when they got within a radius of 500 or 600 miles of the coast from the reports of the station. Vessels coming from the Cape could not be picked up within that radius, and also the vessels on the run down from Sydney were lost touch of when they got to the coast. In fact, the station could not pick the vessels up. The value of wireless for shipping purposes had been proved beyond a doubt and the companies recognising its advantages had consequently gone to considerable expense in fitting up their ships with the apparatus. It was therefore a great pity that the local station was not being made to work successfully. He would like to refer the matter to the Wharves Committee, with the object of bringing it under the notice of the right authorities, and have the work of the station made a greater success than at present. He had spoken to the local operator, who had said the difficulty was caused by the site of the station lying amongst the hills. He thought the station would give much better results if it were erected on an area of flat country, with a good space between it and the hills. Many of the sea boats were able to pick up the station, when it was not able to pick them up, even though they were close in to the coast. Mr. L. Piesse: Is not that the fault of inferior apparatus on the ships? Mr. Evans: No. It is the fault of the land station, which can pick up a vessel 800 miles away, and one not so easily only 500 miles distant. Mr. T. Murdoch: That is one of the peculiarities of the system. Mr. J. G. Turner seconded the motion that the question be referred to the Wharves Committee, which was carried. Subsequently Mr. Turner stated that two amateurs, who had a receiving station near the wharf, were frequently stopped from operating by the Hobart station till the latter had picked up its message.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10248325 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 18 September 1912 23 April 2020 3 Trove As previous, more detail HOBART WIRELESS STATION. ALLEGED DEFECTIVE SYSTEM. MARINE BOARD DEBATE. At yesterday's meeting of the Hobart Marine Board, Warden Evans complained of the wireless system installed at Hobart. He thought that the Marine Board should make it their duty to bring under the notice of the authorities that the wireless station at Hobart was not working satisfactorily, and was not a success. There was no possible chance of getting into communication, or even into touch, with the steamers from London via Capetown when they were any great distance from port. They were sometimes within 300 miles of Hobart and could not be "spoken." The same remarks were applicable to the inter-state vessels, and he knew that time after time the wireless station had tried, but failed, to pick up the Westralia when she was off the Tasmanian coast. Warden Piesse — I heard that the reason they cannot pick up the inter-State vessels is because the ships have not sufficient range. The Acting Warden — I have heard that also, and I believe that you can speak to a ship 800 miles away, and yet cannot communicate with her 500 miles away. Warden Gray — That shows the defectiveness of the system. Continuing, Warden Evans stated that he had spoken to the Hobart wireless operator on the matter, and he was of opinion that the hills around made it impossible to transmit messages to Iong distances. He thought that if the station was placed on level country the waves could be transmitted to a greater distance. Warden Murdoch —We read in the paper every morning of vessels being in touch, and Macquarie Island also. Warden Evans — Yes, they are in touch, but no communication can be held. On the motion of Warden Evans, it was decided to refer the matter to the wharf committee to deal with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189097295 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 18 September 1912 23 April 2020 7 Trove Balsillie responds to the criticism levelled at VIH WIRELESS COMPLAINTS. Hobart and Fremantle. Experts' Explanations. Mr J. G. Balsillie replied today to criticisms, of the Hobart and Fremantle wireless stations. Captain Evans, speaking at the Hobart Marine Board yesterday, said that the Hobart wireless station had not been a success, and that steamers 50 miles off the coast were frequently missed. The Federal Wireless Director said that the Hobart station had a range of 350 miles right through the eastern quadrant from N.N.E. to S.W. by S. The zone lying due west to the middle of Tasmania was covered by the Melbourne station in the day time. The night range of the Hobart station, taken from the logs, was 1500 miles in all directions, excepting a line through Mount Welllngton, which was due west, or slightly west by south. That was the section that was covered by Melbourne. The effective working of Hobart was proven by its sending to and receiving from Macquarie Island each evening, even through the atmospheric disturbances that were now prevailing. A standard station of Commonwealth type had a guaranteed range of 250 miles over land or sea, and the relative positions of the other stations in the Federal chain covered any decrease in range caused by proximity of big mountains. The range through mountains was very variable. For instance, at night time Hobart had communicated with vessels at Albany through Mount Wellington, a distance of 1800 miles. The complaint from Fremantle was that people had rung up the wireless station at Applecross to discover the whereabouts of two mail steamers, and were informed that the station was not in use. Mr Balsillie said that he was leaving today for Fremantle to inspect the wireless station preparatory to the Commonwealth taking it over from the contractors, if it compiled with the technical conditions. As a fact Fremantle had been transacting business unofficially for some time. If the persons referred to desired to find out the whereabouts of the mail steamers they could have lodged a wire in the ordinary way with prepaid reply, and the message would have been sent to the vessels if they were in range. The arrangement under which the movements of steamers were recorded by the wireless stations was with the shipping companies, who paid 6d a call, and was not open to ordinary inquirers. The Adelaide wireless station will be opened by Mr Balsillie tomorrow. Pennant Hills, which recently had a breakdown in its machinery, is now working satisfactorily.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article241642691 WIRELESS COMPLAINTS The Herald Victoria, Australia 18 September 1912 23 April 2020 1 Trove Oxenham responds to the criticism levelled at VIH HOBART WIRELESS STATION: THE COMPLAINTS OF ITS INEFFICIENCY. MELBOURNE, September 18. The complaint made by Captain Evans to the Marine Board at Hobart yesterday, to the effect that the Hobart wireless station was unsuccessful in picking up many steamers which were near the coast was today referred to by the secretary of the Postmaster-General's Department (Mr Oxenham). He said the Melbourne station had no difficulty in communicating with Hobart, and Hobart also readily picked up Melbourne. Sometimes the Melbourne operators had heard Hobart communicating with the Bluff, New Zealand, and Hobart spoke with Macquarie Island each evening, and had communicated with Albany, 1,800 miles distant, at night. The Melbourne station was supplementary to Hobart in the day time, and covered the western half of Tasmania. Mountains tended to shorten the effective range of a station, and Mount Wellington might thus interfere with the western range of the Hobart station in the day time. Interference, however was very variable, and the Commonwealth's stations were to be constructed in such localities that they would be complementary to one another.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10248598 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 19 September 1912 23 April 2020 3 Trove D'Emden also responds to the criticism of VIH HOBART WIRELESS STATION. MARINE BOARD'S CRITICISM. REPLY BY DEPUTY POSTMASTER-GENERAL. "Tell Captain Evans to hand in a message, and see if it is not duly transmitted and received all right by the people to whom it is addressed. That is the true test of the efficiency of the Hobart wireless station." This was the reply made to a reporter of "The Daily Post" yesterday by the Deputy Postmaster-General (Mr. H. L. D'Emden, when his attention was drawn to the discussion upon the Hobart wireless station, which took place on Wednesday afternoon at the meeting of the Hobart Marine Board. Mr. D'Emden pointed out that the Hobart station received weather reports every day from Macquarie Island, and therefore there was no justification for Captain Evans' assertion that "no communication can be held" with that station. Mr. D'Emden went on to say that the Hobart station was frequently in communication with Melbourne, Sydney, and New Zealand, and occasionally with Fiji. The station here also received messages daily from vessels at sea, some of them being at a distance of from 500 to 1000 miles from this port. The only difficulty experienced was with vessels that hugged the eastern coast of the island. Messages transmitted to vessels under these circumstances were sometimes interfered with by the intervening hills, but no such difficulty was met with when a steamier stood five miles or so off the coast.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189097406 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 19 September 1912 23 April 2020 3 Trove Crawford, details included in list of all Tasmanian Commonwealth public servants, as at September 1912 Postmaster-General's Department, Tasmania. George Town, Grade VI. Page No.: 12 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth: 14.12.80 Particulars of Service, &c. Under State. Office: N/A Date of First Appointment: N/A Division: N/A Salary on Transfer to Commonwealth: N/A Under Commonwealth. Date of Appointment or of Transfer: 7.6.01 Work Office.: Postmaster Division: C Class or Grade: 4 Officer. Class or Grade.: 4 Subdivision.: 1 Salary (including Rent).: L210 Deduction for Rent.: 21 Allowances. District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/A Present Salary received from: 1.7.11http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232446117 POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. TASMANIA. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 30 September 1912 22 April 2020 2138 Trove 1912 10 Crawford's Hobart wireless station quickly establishes communication with the new Adelaide station upon its opening SOUTH AUSTRALIAN WIRELESS STATION. THE OPENING CEREMONY. ADELAIDE, October 1. The wireless station, which is situated about a mile out of Port Adelaide, was officially opened for business without ceremony today. The station is worked on the Balsillie system, and should prove a great convenience in connection with the movements of shipping. It is in charge of Mr. F. J. Burgoyne and two operators. It is connected by telephone and the ordinary land telegraph with the General Post Office. A preliminary trial with electric current, which was switched on at 5.30 p.m. on Monday, proved satisfactory, and the station was in communication with the wireless stations at Sydney, Melbourne, and Hobart.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10251186 SOUTH AUSTRALIAN WIRELESS STATION. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 2 October 1912 19 April 2020 3 Trove Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night having been in touch with the following ships:— Afric, Kanowna, Manuka, Manapouri, Arawa (Hobart to Wellington), DimbooIa, Ulimaroa (Wellington to Sydney), Maunganui (Bluff to Hobart), Port Lincoln, Atua, Moeraki (Bluff to Dunedin), and with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article189099342 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 October 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1912 11 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station was in touch last night with the steamers Marmora, Maheno, Seydlitz, Orvieto, Otranto, Persic, Anchises, Warrimoo, Moeraki, and Macquarie Island land station.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10257568 WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 1 November 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1912 12 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station re-ported last night that the following ships were within range:— Mongolia, Orama, Birkenfells, Manuka, Runic, Kyarra, Karoola, Moana, Colmar, Maunganui, and the land station at Macquarle Island was communicated with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190787794 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 2 December 1912 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 1913 01 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following ships were within range:— Ulimaroa, Cambrian (H.M.S.), Karoola, Orsova, Moeraki, Dimboola, Wimmera, Makarina; and the land station at Macquarie Island was communicated with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190792629 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 2 January 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 02 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following ships were within range:— Ulimaroa, Manuka, Ventura, Australia, Riverina, Remuera, Matatua, and the land station at Macquarle Island was communicated with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190797534 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 February 1913 20 April 2020 6 Trove 1913 03 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following ships were within range:— Ruahine, Maunganui, Afric, the German warship Cormoran, Levuka, Friederlch der Grosse, Alsass, Grantala, Sydney, Moldavia, Riverina, Wimmera, Waimara, and the land station at Macquarie Island was communicated with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190802026 HOBART WIRELESS STATION Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 March 1913 20 April 2020 6 Trove 1913 04 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station report-ed last night that the following ships were within range:— Moeraki, Levuka, Ulimaroa, Warila, Themistocles, Manuka, Tahiti, Wilcannia, and the land station at Macquarie Island was communicated with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article190806563 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 April 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 05 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station report-ed last night that the following ships were within range:— Maunganui, Warrimoo, Fiona, Canberra, Victoria, Ruapehu, Maheno, Grantala, Indarra, Willochra, Rimutake, and the land station at Macquarie Island was communicated with.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163478084 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 May 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 06 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station report-ed last night that the following ships were within range:— Indrapura, Geelong, Morea, Warilda, Cooma, Westralia, Fiona, Ulimaroa, Niwaru, Ventura, Ganelong, Georgic, Mataran, Kanowna, Moeraki (arrives Bluff this morning), Miltiades, Port Macquarie, Maunganui, Rowitta, Medic, Corinthic (720 miles south-west of Adelaide), Indarra, Wandilla, Fremantle, Otway, Karoola, Zealandia. Communication was also obtained with the land sta-tion at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163483118 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 2 June 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 07 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following ships were within range:— Ulimaroa, Indarra, Willochra, Irishman, Maunganui, Anchises, Sonoma, Arawa, Manuka, and Makura. Communication was also established with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163487739 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 July 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 08 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following ships were within range:— Moeraki, Ulimaroa, Mataran, Victoria, Marama, Tasman, Matunga, Star of Scotland, Pacifique, and Macedonia. Commu­nication was also established with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163492865 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 August 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove Crawford, details included in list of all Central Office staff Commonwealth public servants, as at August 1913 ? Postmaster-General's Department, Tasmania. (Wireless Telegraph Stations) – continued. Tasmania Page No.: 1 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth: 14.12.80 Particulars of Service, &c. Under State. Office: N/A Date of First Appointment: N/A Division: N/A Salary on Transfer to Commonwealth: N/A Under Commonwealth. Date of Appointment or of Transfer: 7.6.01 Work Office.: Officer-in-charge (stationed at Hobart) Division: C Class or Grade: 4 Officer. Class or Grade.: 4 Subdivision.: 1 Salary (including Rent).: L210 Deduction for Rent.: 21 Allowances. District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/A Present Salary received from: 1.7.11http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232470248 CENTRAL STAFFS. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 30 August 1913 22 April 2020 2072 Trove 1913 09 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following ships were within range:— Orsova, Canberra, Kyarra, Willcannia, Persic, Maunganui, Sumatra, Pacific, Manuka, Mooltan, Marathon, Aeneas Paloona (arrives 4 p.m. Monday). Communication was also established with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article163497956 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 September 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 10 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station was in touch last night with the steamers Tasman, Nerehana, Ulimaroa (Bluff to Hobart), Kaituna, Victoria, Maunganui, Riverina, Durnbea, Gobern, Runic, Serebic, Manuka, Moeraki, Westralia, Cufic, Bombala, Ruaphu, Maital; and Macquarie Island land station.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article178355422 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 2 October 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1913 11 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart Wireless Station last night reported having been in communication with the steamers Riverina, Meviatal, Wahakaroe, Posen, Paloona, Manuka, Ulimaroa, Ville de la Ciotat, and with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article178360232 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 November 1913 20 April 2020 6 Trove 1913 12 Crawford HOBART WIRELESS STATION. The Hobart wireless station reported last night having been in communication with the steamers Paloona, Afric, Paparoa, Zealandia; and with the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article178365523 HOBART WIRELESS STATION. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 5 December 1913 20 April 2020 4 Trove 1914 1914 01 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station was in touch last night with the steamers Victoria, Willochra (Melbourne to Hobart), Montoro, Warilda, Canberra, Maunganui, St. Albans and Macquarie Island land station.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10358263 SHIPPING The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 2 January 1914 21 April 2020 4 Trove 1914 02 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station was in touch last night with the steamers Manuka, Argyllshire, and Indarra.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10360720 SHIPPING. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 2 February 1914 21 April 2020 4 Trove 1914 03 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station reports having been in touch last night with the fol-lowing vessels:— Willochra (Bluff to Hobart), Ceramic (Hobart to Adelaide), Riverina, Atua, Zealandia, Tahiti, Victoria, Moeraki, Wandilla, Port Lincoln, Runic, Melbourne, and Macquarie Island land station.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10363938 SHIPPING. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 4 March 1914 21 April 2020 4 Trove 1914 04 Crawford WIRELESS SPEAKINGS. The Hobart wireless station was in touch last night with the steamers Ulimaroa (Bluff to Hobart), Pakeha, Riverina, Anchises, Patrol, Fiona, and Macquarie Island land station.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10366820 SHIPPING. The Mercury Tasmania, Australia 1 April 1914 21 April 2020 4 Trove 1914 05 Crawford The Hobart wireless station reported last night that the following vessels were within range:— Rimutaka, Maital, Star of Scotland, Mooltan, Neston, Whakarua, Omrah, Manuka, Riverina, Indarra, Orontes, Aornagi, Houtman, Wiltshire, Afric, Maunganui, Bombala, Wandilla, Cooma, Karoola, Orvieto, Morea and the land station at Macquarie Island.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article178075215 SMALLPOX. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 1 May 1914 21 April 2020 5 Trove 1914 06 Crawford WIRELESS CALLS. The Hobart wireless station was in touch with the following vessels last evening:— Mokoia, Canberra, Peshawar, Australind, Maunganui, Makura, Waiwera, Durham, Sebara, Essen, Ulimaroa, Perthshire, Dusseldorf, Maitai.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article178079396 SHIPPING. Daily Post Tasmania, Australia 2 June 1914 21 April 2020 4 Trove Crawford promoted from OIC VIH to OIC VIM (note both VIH & VIM transmitter sites name "The Domain") The Record. Mr. W. Crawford, brother of Mr. F. C. Crawford, assistant town clerk, has been appointed officer in charge of the wireless station in the Domain. Mr. Crawford was previously in charge of the station at Hobart, Tasmania.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74231143 The Record. Record Victoria, Australia 20 June 1914 19 April 2020 2 Trove Crawford's position at VIH is upgraded to Professional Division effective 1 January 1914 Melbourne, 18th June, 1914. . . . Postmaster-General's Department, Ex. Mins. Nos. 324, 325, 326, 330, 331, 332, 333, 335, T.243, T.252, T.257, T.261, T.266. GENERAL. Classification of Wireless Telegraph Stations. THE classification of Wireless Telegraph Stations throughout the Commonwealth to be as indicated in the following Schedule:— Postmaster-General's Department. Classification of Wireless Telegraph Stations. Classification of Wireless Telegraph Stations through-out the Commonwealth, showing division into classes and grades, and the rates of salary applicable to each grade — Division. Professional, Professional, Professional Class. D, E, E Grade of Station. A, B, C Annual Salary. £ 336 — 372, 264 — 312, 216 — 240 (a) An officer in charge of a Station shall receive the salary of such subdivision of his class, within the limits of the grade of the Station, as may be determined by the Commissioner. (b) When required by altering conditions of business, the Commissioner may raise or lower the grade of any Station within a class. The Wireless Telegraph Stations at Broome, Brisbane, Darwin (Low Power), Melbourne, Port Moresby, Perth, Thursday Island, and Townsville, to be in Grade B of the Classification of Wireless Telegraph Stations. The Wireless Telegraph Stations at Adelaide, Cook-town, Esperance, Flinders Island, Geraldton, Hobart, Mt. Gambier, Rockhampton, Roebourne, Sydney, and Wyndham, to be in Grade C of the Classification of Wireless Telegraph Stations. . . . William Tamillas Stephen Crawford, Officer in Charge, 4th Class, Clerical Division, Wireless Telegraph Station, Hobart, salary £235, to be transferred to the Professional Division, with salary of £240, from 1st January, 1914.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232367576 ATTORNEY-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 20 June 1914 22 April 2020 1073 Trove 1914 08 War precautionary measures include VIM, guards posted at station, tents and stretchers located in station, and barbed wire placed around facility AUSTRALIAN ARMY ASTIR. FULL PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES. GUARDS POSTED AT VULNERABLE POINTS. GARRISON TROOPS FOR QUEENSCLIFF. OFFICERS' LEAVE CANCELLED. Elaborate precautions are being taken by the military authorities to place the de-fences on a war footing. Officers have been busy working on the details for a mobilisation of the forces should the call come. Guards are placed at all points of vantage, and the strictest secrecy is being observed as to the movements of men and officers. Before dawn yesterday morning the remainder of the men in the Victoria Barracks belonging to the Royal Australian Garrison Artillery, numbering about 70, left for Queenscliff and the Port Phillip Heads, where they are to man the forts. Already squads of men had been detailed for guards at the wireless station and the various Government factories and depots. The barracks are now deserted, as far as permanent troops are concerned. Militia officers who are liable to act in the precautionary stages of mobilisation have taken up their quarters at the barracks. Stretchers and army blankets have been issued, and the officers, messengers and orderlies are sleeping by their desks. The doors are closed against strangers. All day there has been a constant stream of vehicles into the barracks square, which are being used as transport. Arrangements are proceeding smoothly for the issue of rations and relief of guards. Tents and stretchers have been issued, and have arrived at the wireless station at the Domain, and also at the cordite factory and the ammunition station on the Maribyrnong River. All approaches are being guarded day and night. The powder magazine at Laverton, where the Government and private supplies of powder are stored, is being guarded by a strong guard. Details for the maintenance of this guard have kept the district staff busy. Orders were given early yesterday morning for the placing of barbed wire entanglements round the wireless station at the Domain, and this work was proceeding during the day. Strangers are not allowed to approach within anything but hail of the station, nor are they permitted any nearer to the remount depot and cordite factories. Steps have been taken to guard the cable stations on the New South Wales coast. Produce firms are forwarding, according to Government instruction, information regarding the supplies they have available, and motor companies have given details of vehicles. The number of vehicles and their capacity for transport purposes is already known by the defence authorities. The rifle club office is particularly active. Certain militiamen will be communicated with direct by the authorities to assume the various duties required at the precautionary stage of mobilisation. Commanding officers are waiting the necessary message from their head quarters in regard to taking the first steps. All officers on leave have been recalled, and there were officers on the Sydney express that left Melbourne last evening for Sydney, where they are required to take up duty immediately. Officers again last evening were taking different shifts. Those who possess motor cars have been covering long distances, and have been communicating with militia officers. Old militiamen are inquiring at district head quarters as to the opportunity of being called out. Officers are anxious to join the expeditionary force. MINISTER OF DEFENCE ARRIVES. CONFERENCE WITH OFFICERS. The Minister of Defence arrived in Melbourne by the Sydney express, and immediately conferred with officers of the Military Board. Subsequent to the Cabinet meeting Colonel Selheim, the Adjutant-General, and Major White conferred with Mr. Bright, Acting Secretary to the Postal department. As there is an immense amount of defence communications to handle during the course of the next few days, special arrangements have been made. This step will be essential should a mobilisation be determined upon. Further conferences between the military authorities and the Minister were proceeding last evening up till a late hour. The Minister of Defence has taken an office in the Commonwealth-buildings at the corner of Spring and Collins streets.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198628927 AUSTRALIAN ARMY ASTIR. The Age Victoria, Australia 4 August 1914 24 April 2020 10 Trove As previous, also messages to be censored DOMAIN WIRELESS STATION. WIRE ENTANGLEMENTS. Messages for despatch by wireless from Australian stations are to be subject to strict censorship from now on, but that is not the only precaution to be taken. At the wireless station in the Domain armed guards were on duty throughout Sunday and yesterday, and they will remain in constant attendance. As an additional safeguard barbed wire entanglements were yesterday erected around the reserve in which the installation is situated, and only those officially connected with the radiotelegraph branch of the Postal department are in future to be allowed within that barrier.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10800334 GREAT ARMIES MOVE The Argus (Melbourne) Victoria, Australia 4 August 1914 24 April 2020 10 Trove As previous CITIZEN GUARDS. ACTIVE SERVICE EXPERIENCE. When the word was given to place the fortresses on a war footing, all the members of the Royal Australian Garrison Artillery were withdrawn from other duty, such as guarding Government House, the barracks, and the gold reserve, and their places have since been taken by members of the citizen forces who have been called to the flag. At the Central Defence Administration Offices yesterday young infantrymen were on sentry go with fixed bayonets, and there was a citizen soldier force in the guard-rooms at both the northern and southern gates. The young soldiers took their duty very seriously, and are stated to have acquitted themselves quite as well as the permanent men whom they had relieved. Every stranger wishing to enter the walled enclosure was formally challenged, and was only permitted to pass on giving his name and the nature of his business. At the Domain wireless station it is stated that some daring spirit, with a view to testing the efficiency of the guard which had been established there, undertook to pass the barbed wire entanglements under cover of darkness on Wednesday night, but he was quickly detected, and found himself face to face with a row of bayonets.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article10801132 SECOND EDITION. The Argus (Melbourne) Victoria, Australia 8 August 1914 24 April 2020 16 Trove Following start of WW1, rifle ranges are closed to sport shooters, such as Crawford, and reserved for military uses RIFLE SHOOTING. EFFECTS OF THE WAR. CANCELLATION OF ENGAGEMENTS. The great struggle at present going on between the armies and navies of England and Europe has seriously disorganised all arrangements in connection with ordinary rifle shooting competitions. With commendable readiness members of rifle clubs have shown hearty sympathy with the military authorities, and have thrown in their lot wholeheartedly with other defenders of their country, placing their services unreservedly at disposal for use wherever they may be most required. Acting in the spirit of a suggestion that was made in "The Age" last week, all practice with .303 ammunition has, temporarily, been suspended. This is not in view of any likely shortage of ammunition but simply with the idea of conserving all stock for us in actual combat should the necessity arise. With the facilities that we have for the manufacture of cartridges locally there is no probability of supplies running short. It is felt, however, that this is no time for firing away cartridges, in mere practice by expert shots. The Williamstown and Port Melbourne rifle ranges were closed to ordinary practice on Saturday. About 1000 cadets, however, put in musketry exercise, with the small bore rifles, at Williamstown, and a few lads similarly exercised at Port Melbourne. The monthly match of No. 19 Union, which was to have been fired at Port Melbourne, was cancelled. Most of the metropolitan clubs have been notified to prepare for mobilisation orders, and the captains and secretaries are taking the necessary steps to be ready immediately for any emergency. Without waiting for orders rifle club members are freely offering their services. A contingent from the Fitzroy club is already "in harness" at the cable station at Flinders, where they have joined the soldiers on guard. Detachments from other metropolitan clubs will probably be despatched to other military stations during the ensuing week. Reports from various country clubs show that members are anxious to "join the colors." While the clubs already in existence are offering for duty, new clubs are being formed. The rifle club started by the Overseas Club last week is growing in members, over 100 being already enrolled. Steps will probably be taken during this week to form a club in connection with the Liberal Workers' Institute. If the war continues for any lengthy period it is likely to interfere seriously with the annual prize meeting's of the various State rifle associa-tions. Indeed, the probability is looming large of all these being cancelled, as well as the Commonwealth match, which is fixed to take place in Adelaide next month. The executive of the Victorian association is considering the advisability of calling a special meeting of the council to deal with the matter, as it affects its interests, and some notification may be made during the current week. A special extraordinary meeting of the council of No. 19 union is called for tonight, 10th August, at the Queen's Arms Hotel, Swanston-street. . . .http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article198637144 RIFLE SHOOTING. The Age Victoria, Australia 10 August 1914 25 April 2020 5 Trove As previous RIFLEMEN READY. MEN NUMBER 50,000. Speaking at the annual dinner of the Eastern Suburbs Rifle Club, Sydney, Captain W. McCallum, who presided, said that there were 50,000 riflemen in the Commonwealth, and at least 60 per cent. would be found to be physically fit and willing to take the field at a moment's notice. The remaining 40 per cent. could be relied on to render a service equally as good as the general body of the militia. Mr T. L. Westbrook, president of the Metropolitan District Union, declared that when the call came, riflemen would answer to a man. Every man called on would render a service that would be a benefit. At the annual dinner of the Sydney Rifle Club, it was mentioned that the past year of training meant much to riflemen as a whole, as the present crisis would probably result in the National Rifle Association's annual prize meeting being either postponed or cancelled. The closing of the ranges at the present time might be regarded as a hardship, but, on the whole, riflemen recognised that the situation was such as to compel the authorities to adopt measures that made for the general good of the country.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article121111830 RIFLEMEN READY Weekly Times Victoria, Australia 15 August 1914 25 April 2020 35 Trove Further details of impact and responses to WW1 closures of rifle ranges for sports shooters, likely Crawford also a volunteer rifle instructor The Rifle. EFFECTS OF THE WAR. MEETINGS CANCELLED. PATRIOTIC SERVICE. BY CLIFTON WILSON. Rifle shooting as a sport is non-existent in Australia at the present time, and it is quite apparent that it will be so for months to come. Riflemen from all parts of Victoria and other States were looking forward to the great annual gathering at Williamstown in October next, the time when the "cracks" were ranged against each other for pride of place; the time when friendships of happy past meetings were renewed on the firing mounds and the time when the timid young beginner, with the fear in his mind of a dozen fines for breaches of various regulations, came forward to test "his luck." On this occasion the heightened importance of the meeting was manifest, inasmuch as the great Empire match was to be decided at Melbourne. The pick of the Empire's sharp shooters were to be matched against one another in the King's Prize match, and many ardent enthusiasts, if not so fortunate in their shooting capabilities, would gain satisfaction, if nothing more substantial, in the ability to say that they shot in the match with the great shot So-and-So. INSTRUCTIONS RECEIVED. For fifty-three years, the Victorian Rifle Association has regularly held their annual prize rifle meetings. This year the arrangements for the forthcoming gathering were well in hand, and a record entry was anticipated by the untiring secretary, Lieutenant P. Fargher. Last week, however, the secretary received a communication from the Defence authorities to the effect that preparations for all rifle meetings or matches were to be at once cancelled for this year. Riflemen everywhere, while naturally disappointed, will willingly forego their pleasures at this time, when every assistance and precaution is needed for the well-being of the Empire. IN OTHER STATES. All other State and district association unions are affected in precisely the same manner as the Victorian, which will mean a complete cessation of all the prospective competitions, which prize money throughout Australia this year totalled close on £22,000. COMMONWEALTH MATCH. The Commonwealth match was to have been fired at Adelaide this year. Already the first test competition for the selection of Victoria's representatives had taken place, the next being intended to have taken place at the end of this month. Unfortunately many team candidates will have to forego their anticipations until some future occasion, as this match will likewise be abandoned. CLUB COMPETITIONS. Many club championships and other matches will be greatly upset, and members will not be sorry when operations can be renewed under more peaceful conditions, which, it is hoped, will reign ere long. M.R.C.A. ANNUAL MEETING. Tomorrow night the annual meeting of the Metropolitan Rifle Clubs' Association, No. 19 Union, will be held at Champion's Town Hall Hotel, Swanston street. As some important business is to be discussed, a good attendance is desired. The No. 21 Rifle Club's Union, Williamstown, hold their annual meeting on Monday, August 31, at the Town Hall Hotel. Members of clubs affiliated to this Union are requested to keep this date vacant, as a full muster is required. Mr Stan. Edwards left Melbourne on Saturday, for Sydney, on a holiday trip. At this season of the year, his business as a rifle expert is always flourishing, but consequent on the cancellation of the prize meetings, the future promises to be exceedingly dull. This is generally the time when the rifle shot decides on a new barrel or sight, but this year one will not require them, probably ready cash will be far handier. WELSHPOOL CLUB The fourteenth annual general meeting of the Welshpool Rifle Club was held in the Welshpool Hall last Wednesday week, a large number of members attending. The affairs of the club are on a good footing, and much enthusiasm is being shown by members generally. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year:— President, F. Tindale; Captain, C. C. Rossiter; Vice-Captain, W. T. Daff; Secretary, T. M. Crouch; Treasurer, B. Tindale; Committee, Messrs H. Kerr, J. Morgan, and E. Mousney. The club has now the splendid membership total of 109. DANDENONG CLUB. The Dandenong club fired a handicap match for the Union gold medal last Saturday week. The competition proved most keen, and considering the weather conditions, the scoring was excellent. The results showed V. Potter, a popular young member, to be in the winning position, with a total, with handicaps, of one point short of the possible. The conditions were ten shots each at 300, 500 and 600 yards. The three leading men were:— Name. 300 yds. 500 yds. 600 yds. Tl. V. Potter .. .. .. 48(5)50 : 45(5)50 : 42(7)49 — 149 J. Fisher .. .. .. 44(3)17 : 49(2)50 : 46(3)49 — 146 J. L. Fisher .. .. .. 44(3)47 : 49(2)50 : 42(3)45 — 142 RIFLE SHOOTING INSTRUCTION Riflemen have now an opportunity to render valuable aid to the Defence Department and to their country, by helping in the instruction in musketry of the members of the Anstralian Imperial Expeditionary Force, which is shortly to leave Australia. The Commandant is inviting riflemen through Lieutenant P. Fargher, the V.R.A. secretary, to send their names in promptly, who can attend one or two days a week at Williamstown ranges to help in this manner. All who can should answer this appeal quickly, and show their worth in this time of necessity. Lieutenant P. Fargher expects to have fully one hundred and fifty ready in a few days, as the training is to begin at once. RIFLE CLUBS' BRIGADE. Never was the occasion more opportune than the present for the formation of a Rifle Clubs' Brigade. It is practically certain that the pick of the metropolitan club shots would enroll, and so provide a specially skilled body of sharpshooters, on whom safe reliance could be placed in time of emergency to prove themselves worthy of their best traditions. Many riflemen have written asking that this matter should be brought forward as requiring urgent consideration by those in authority, believing it would be of great benefit to the Defence Forces of the Commonwealth, and at the same time have a stimulating effect on the ranks of rifle club men. Many are anxious to take some active part in home defence work, judging by the interest being taken in this project. At the present time, of course, every club is attached to regiments in the various areas, and are likely to be called out under mobilisation orders at any time. Nevertheless, the proposed brigade need not clash with these arrangements, seeing that it is likely that only a fair number of each club would enlist in the volunteer rifle brigade. NEW .RIFLE CLUBS FORMED. The existing great war will no doubt leave imprints of much benefit to rifle-shooting practice generally. It stimulates the desire to be able to take one's proper place in the defending of one's country, and to do so in a capable manner one must have a knowledge of rifle-shooting. To become proficient in the use of the rifle one next looks to rifle clubs to pro-vide that instruction, and it behoves all able-bodied Australians at the present time to take every opportunity to acquire at least some elementary knowledge of the rifle. The Overseas Club was alive to the necessity of forming a rifle corps, and have matters so far advanced that the inauguration will be celebrated tomorrow night at a great patriotic meeting at the Town Hall. With such a large body of members, the club should take its place eventually in the front rank of Victorian rifle clubs. The Liberal Workers' Institute is also forming a band of rifle-shots, and members can enroll daily at the institute rooms, Bradshaw's Buildings, Flinders street. A LADY SHOT'S FINE PERFORMANCE. At the Richmond miniature rifle range last Friday evening, shooting in connection with a competition, Mrs J. R. Sadler, wife of the popular Richmond captain, scored fourteen successive bullseyes on the half-inch bull at 25 yards. Mrs Sadler then retired without scoring a lower value shot, owing to some misunderstanding, otherwise possibly the total number would have been much higher than fourteen. As it is, this surely is magnificent marksmanship for a lady shot. RIFLEMEN TO THE FRONT. Most of the rifle clubs, country and town, are contributing members to the Expeditionary Force, to leave eventually for Europe. While their presence here will be missed, they add much to the strength of the body of men leaving Australia, and all join in hoping that their patriotism will be rewarded by a safe and speedy return to the former ranks of their clubs.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155525492 The Rifle Winner Victoria, Australia 19 August 1914 25 April 2020 15 Trove Victorian riflement hold major patriotic gathering The Rifle. CLUBS' RALLY. TONIGHT'S GREAT MEETING. ALL RIFLEMEN ATTEND. BY CLIFTON WILSON. All rifle club members and supporters of rifle shooting are specially requested to be present at tonight's monster patriotic meeting of riflemen, in the Guild Hall, Swanston street, city. It is being held under the auspices of the combined Rifle Club Unions, No. 19 and No. 21, to express the loyalty of Victorian riflemen at this very unsettled time, when the British Empire is involved in serious strife with two great European Powers. GOOD PROGRAMME Every rifle shot should make it a point of attending, and show his sympathy with the object in view. The programme is not at all likely to be dull; besides stirring speeches by prominent statesmen, some fine songs and recitations will be rendered. Invitations have been issued to His Excellency the Governor-General, His Excellency the Governor of Victoria, Senator Millen, Minister of Defence, Senator Pearce, Sir Alexander Peacock, Premier of Victoria, Lord Mayor, Alderman D. V. Hennessy, Dr. Barrett and many others. ADMISSION FREE Admission will be free, and no collection, so there is no reason why the Guild Hall should not be filled to overflowing tonight, at eight o'clock. The secretary of the No. 19 Rifle Clubs' Union, Mr P. Barnet, and Mr T. Douglas, of the No. 21 Union are acting as joint hon. secretaries, and have put forward great efforts to ensure a meeting which will live in the memory of riflemen for many years.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155519760 The Rifle Winner Victoria, Australia 26 August 1914 25 April 2020 11 Trove Crawford, details included in list of all Central Office staff Commonwealth public servants, as at August 1914 ? Postmaster-General's Department, Central Staff. (Wireless Telegraph Stations) – continued. Tasmania Page No.: 21 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth: 14.12.80 Date of First Appointment: 7.6.01 Office.: Officer-in-charge (stationed at Hobart) Division: P Class or Grade: E Salary (including Rent).: L240 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/A Present Salary received from: 1.1.14http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232448124 POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. CENTRAL STAFF. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 29 August 1914 23 April 2020 1670 Trove 1914 12 Index entry in Commonwealth Gazette for Crawford's Transfer 18 June 1914 Public Service — continued. Transfers— . . . Crawford, W. T. S., 1073.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232449634 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1914 23 April 2020 50 Trove 1915 1915 04 Rifle Club Regulations further amended to include miniature rifle clubs RIFLE SHOOTING. RIFLE CLUB REGULATIONS. BY CORDITE. The Defence authorities have recently introduced some amendments to the rifle clubs' regulations, with the view of bringing them into harmony with latest developments. One of the amendments is to bring miniature rifle clubs under their operation as well as ordinary clubs. It is provided that the office of supervisor of rifle clubs shall be held by the chief clerk of the rifle clubs' office at head quarters, and that he will be responsible for the carrying out of all regulations and instructions issued from time to time in connection with rifle associations, unions and clubs. The status and rates of pay of cable guards are specified, and it is set out that such guards shall be entitled to all the privileges and concessions of other active members of clubs. If more than 20 per cent. of a cable guard should be non-efficient after the first year of formation, such guard may be disbanded. It is provided that all correspondence from clubs shall be addressed to the "Supervisor of Rifle Clubs, District Head Quarters." The captain and committee of a club are held responsible for the observance of the regulations by members, and the care of all mobilisation orders, which are to be held ready for inspection whenever required. Clubs which have erected miniature ranges are empowered to allow any other miniature club affiliated to the district miniature rifle club union to hold competitions theron under conditions fixed by the by laws of such clubs. Members of clubs who qualify as "marksmen" are, by a modification to rule 544, entitled to receive either a badge or marksman's certificate. Rule 515 provides for the statutory declaration required of club captains as to the correctness and veracity of musketry returns sent in by them. Clubs, which though neglect or delay of their officers, do not get efficient grants in the ordinary course, will not be entitled to make application therefor after the close of the financial year. A section of clauses is introduced to provide for the constitution of the Commonwealth, Council of Rifle Associations, State rifle associations and district unions. Each of the two State associations in Queensland is entitled to send one delegate to the Commonwealth council, the other State associations sending two each. In a final clause, military officers are instructed to use their best endeavors to promote the success of annual rifle competitions held from time to time by the State rifle associations. Much inconvenience is still felt at the Port Melbourne ranges on Saturday owing to the demand for targets being in excess of the supply. A suggestion emanating from the ranger, Sergt.-Major Quayle, is to the effect that the many clubs patronising the Port ranges be divided into two sections, each to shoot on alternate Saturdays. If this were done clubs which now hold weekly competitions would feel it a handicap to have to shoot only once a fortnight. Originally many clubs only held fortnightly competitions; but most of them now shoot every week. It seems strange that while at Port Melbourne there is an unpleasant congestion every Saturday, at the Williamstown ranges many targets are standing idle. As has before been pointed out in this column, the present situation is caused partly by clubs being allotted to No. 19 Union which should in all fairness be allotted to No. 21 Union. The Defence department should lose no time in transferring at least half a dozen clubs that now shoot with the Port Melbourne Union to the Williamstown Union.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article91374831 RIFLE SHOOTING. Leader Victoria, Australia 17 April 1915 25 April 2020 23 (WEEKLY) Trove 1915 09 Crawford, details included in list of all Central Office staff Commonwealth public servants, as at August 1915 ? Postmaster-General's Department, Central Staff. (Wireless Telegraph Stations) Victoria. Page No.: 8 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth: 14.12.80 Date of First Appointment: 7.6.01 Office.: Officer-in-charge (stationed at Melbourne) Division: P Class or Grade: E Salary (including Rent).: L264 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/A Present Salary received from: 22.7.14http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232466027 CENTRAL STAFFS. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 13 September 1915 23 April 2020 1873 Trove 1916 1916 06 Crawford, in his role as acting radio inspector, attends a premise with illegal wireless apparatus, offender is fined TOY WIRELESS APPARATUS. HAPLESS OWNER PILLORIED WITH PENALTY OF £15/15/-. Henry Albert Livermore, engineer, of 239 Nicholson street, was fined £10, with £5 5s costs, at Footscray Court on Thursday for having in his possession, contrary to the War Precautions Act, certain parts of a wireless telegraph apparatus. Wm. T. S. Crawford, Radio Inspector for the Mail Department, found in a shed at Livermore's place certain wireless apparatus customarily used by an amateur for demonstration purposes. It would be possible with the parts there to transmit messages for a distance of 100 yards, but not to receive them. The P.M. in imposing the fine, said the times were too serious to have wireless plant left lying round, and the penalty was just to emphasise the point that possession of wireless plant must be reported and a licence obtained. The P.M. excused defendant of any illicit dealing. Livermore had, further, to enter into a recognisance of £25 to comply with the regulations.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article74254612 TOY WIRELESS APPARATUS Independent Victoria, Australia 3 June 1916 19 April 2020 2 Trove As previous, further detail WIRELESS DISCOVERED. MAN FINED £15/5/-. At the Footscray Court on Thursday a young man, Henry Alfred Livermore, 25, describing himself as an engineer, was fined by Mr. Goldsmith, P.M., £10, with £5/5/- costs, for having had a wireless plant on March 25. Mr, Hotchen, instructed by the Solicitor-General, appeared to prosecute. Accused, who was undefended, practically pleaded guilty. Proceedings were taken under Regulation 25 of the War Precautions Act, which makes it an offence for an unlicensed person to be in possession of the whole or portion of any set of wireless apparatus. Constable Siggerty, attached to the military district, gave certain brief evidence. W. T. S. Crawford, acting radio inspector, said that on March 28 last, from, information received, he visited certain premises at 239 Nicholson street. While there he was shown the yard. In a shed at the back, which was quite open, he found certain wireless apparatus. A portion was on the floor, and another portion on a box. It comprised as accessories dry cells, wire, ignition coil, jars, etc. The apparatus could be set up for small power; perhaps with a radius of five miles. It would be such as would be ordinarily used by an amateur. Its range of transmission was thus small, but it could not receive. It had no detectors and no aerials. Having obtained a constable's assistance, witness brought it to the police station. Accused had no wireless license. Accused: I admit the facts are correct. Constable Carey, deposed that, on March 28, he had visited the premises described with Mr. Crawford. Sergt. J. H. Ryan stated that, after the apparatus arrived at the police station, he saw Livermore, who admitted the ownership of the instruments produced. Mr. Goldsmith: You have shown great folly in leaving these things about. I don't think you had any malignant intent. You will be fined £10, with £5/5/- costs, and allowed a week in which to pay.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article154142455 WIRELESS DISCOVERED. Footscray Chronicle Victoria, Australia 3 June 1916 19 April 2020 3 Trove As previous, further detail War Precautions Act Prosecution. Henry Albert Livermore, engineer, residing at Nicholson St, Footscray, was charged at the Footscray Court on Thursday with having on March 28, been in possession of apparatus for the transmission of wireless messages, in contravention to the War Precautions Act. A fine of £10 with £5/5/- costs was imposed. Mr W. T. T. Crawford, radio Inspector of the Navy Department said he visited defendant's residence on March 28. In a shed in the yard he found on the ground apparatus that could be used for the sending of wireless messages. There was no "detector." The material was taken to the police-station where accused claimed it as his property. Accused did not have a license. Accused said he made the instrument to help, in experiments, a friend in Government employ. Some of the parts were missing and it would not be possible to receive a message. Mr Goldsmith, P.M., said it was folly on defendant's part to leave such apparatus lying about. Any one could of secured them and erected an ariel. Nobody should have such apparatus in their possession, even if parts were missing. On accused's behalf it must be said there was no evidence, of elicit intent.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119679741 War Precautions Act Prosecution Weekly News Victoria, Australia 3 June 1916 19 April 2020 2 Trove As previous, further detail A WIRELESS APPARATUS. Engineer Fined £10. At Footscray on Thursday, Henry Alfred Livermore, describing himself as an engineer, was cited to answer a charge under Regulation 23 of the War Precautions Act, for being the possessor of wireless apparatus without licence. Accused, a young man, 25 years of age, practically admitted the charge. W. T. S. Crawford, acting radio inspector for the Defence department, stated that on 28th March, from information received, he went to 239 Nicholson-street, Footscray, and in a shed at the back found certain wireless apparatus. It was of small power, only usable for transmission, such as would be set up by an ordinary amateur. There were no aerials or detectors, and the apparatus would not receive. Its power would be about five miles. Accused said the apparatus had been originally assembled by him to help a young friend in studying wireless telegraphy, and it was afterwards sold to a soldier who was proceeding to the front; but, the soldier tiring of it, it again fell into his (Livermore's) possession. Mr. Goldsmith, P.M., in fining Livermore £10, with £5 5/ costs, dilated upon the folly defendant had shown in leaving these things about. He acquitted him of malignant intent. But in times like these he would not allow to anybody unlicensed possession of apparatus of a type that could be unlawfully used. In addition to the fine, defendant must enter into a bond of £25, as demanded by the War Precautions Act. Defendant was allowed ten days in which to pay the fine.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155081393 A WIRELESS APPARATUS. The Age Victoria, Australia 5 June 1916 19 April 2020 9 Trove 1916 07 Livermore is jailed for not paying fine "SPARKS." . . . Some time ago, H. A. Livermore was fined £10, with £5 costs, for failing to notify the Defence Department of a wireless installation he owned. The fine not having been paid, defendant, at Thursday's court, was sentenced to 14 days' imprisonment in default of payment.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article89112899 "SPARKS" Advertiser Victoria, Australia 29 July 1916 19 April 2020 2 Trove 1916 08 Crawford, details included in list of all Central Office staff Commonwealth public servants, as at August 1916 ? Postmaster-General's Department, Central Staff. (Wireless Telegraph Stations) Victoria. Page No.: 8 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Date of Birth: 14.12.80 Date of First Appointment: 7.6.01 Office.: Officer-in-charge (stationed at Melbourne) Division: P Class or Grade: E Salary (including Rent).: L288 Deduction for Rent.: N/A Allowances. District.: N/A Miscellaneous.: N/A Present Salary received from: 1.8.15http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232454931 POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. CENTRAL STAFF. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette 116 Australia, Australia 31 August 1916 21 May 2022 2082 National Library of Australia 1916 09 Crawford resigns from the Public Service, no doubt to take up an appointment with the RANRS POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. Ex. Mins. Nos. 375, 376, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384. Central Staff. Services Terminated. W. T. S. Crawford, Officer in Charge, Wireless Telegraph Station, Melbourne, from 30th June, 1916.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232455016 COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 14 September 1916 23 April 2020 2590 Trove 1916 12 Index to Crawford's resignation, together with much of the Radiotelegraph Branch required in order to join the Royal Australian Naval Radio Service Services Terminated — . . . Postmaster-General's Department and Branches — Central Staff. . . . Brown, E. O., 2550, 2590. Burgoyne, F. J., 3193. Chapman, W. G., 1740. Chilton, G. F., 3407. Coffey, H. F., 1988. Crawford, W. T. S., 2590. Griffin, M., 1400. Hodson, V., 3195. Holloway, W. H., 1632. King, C. C., 1945. Leslie, J., 2950. Martin, J. M., 3195. Mayger, N. H., 2550. Meredith, C. G. B., 1988. Mortimer, M., 1945. O'Kelly, J., 2590. Pope, M. G., 3195. Reader, D. H., 1945. Scott, G. A., 1740. Taylor, E., 1826. Weston, G. J., 2550.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232456114 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1916 23 April 2020 47 Trove 1917 1917 01 The newly established Royal Australian Naval Radio Service is populated, primarily from the PMGD Radio Telegraph Branch, including Crawford, effective 1 July 1916 Department of the Navy. Ex. Min. No. 1. Melbourne, 11th January, 1917. NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH. Royal Australian Naval Radio Service. Appointments, &c. HIS Excellency the Governor-General, acting with the advice of the Federal Executive Council, has been pleased to approve of the following appointments being made to the Permanent Naval Forces of the Common-wealth (Royal Australian Naval Radio Service), as from 1st July, 1916:— Position; Seniority in rank. To be Radio Commander — Engineer Lieutenant Frank Gillespie Cresswell, R.A.N.; 1/7/1916. To be Radio Lieutenants — Arthur Frederick Newman; 1/7/1916. George James Weston; 1/7/1916. To be Commissioned Telegraphists— William Tamillas Stephen Crawford; 1/7/1912. Walter Moss Sweeney; 1/7/1912. George Archibald Scott; 1/7/1914. John Michael Martin; 1/7/1914. Charles Edward Tapp; 1/7/1914. Julian Leslie; 1/7/1914. George Frederick Chilton; 1/7/1914. Francis James Burgoyne; 1/7/1914. To be Warrant Telegraphists — James Joseph Wiseman Lamb; 1/7/1916. Henry Freeman Coffey; 1/7/1916. Sydney Trim; 1/7/1916. Maitland Glen Pope; 1/7/1916. Mark Mortimer; 1/7/1916. William Hart Holloway; 1/7/1916. D'Arcy Harold Reader; 1/7/1916. William George Chapman; 1/7/1916. Victor Hodson; 1/7/1916. Neil Hubert Mayger; 1/7/1916. Clement George Benger Meredith; 1/7/1916. Frank John Claude Bridges; 1/7/1916. Gerald Willis Walters; 1/7/1916. Frederick James Henderson; 1/7/1916. The following are appointed for temporary service:— Name; Seniority in rank. To be Commissioned Telegraphist — William George Clarke; 1/7/1914. To be Warrant Telegraphists — Gordon George Phillips; 1/7/1916. Ellis Henry Smellie; 1/7/1916. Payment to Officers whilst Acting in Higher Rank. James Joseph Wiseman Lamb, Warrant Telegraphist, and D'Arcy Harold Reader, Warrant Telegraphist, each to be paid rates of pay and allowances as for Commissioned Telegraphist on appointment, whilst temporarily acting in that rank; to date from 1st July, 1916. Promotions. The following promotions are made in connexion with the Permanent Naval Forces of the Commonwealth (Royal Australian Naval Radio Service):— Name; Seniority in rank. To be Warrant Telegraphists (Acting) — Charles Calvert King; Chief Petty Officer Telegraphist; 1/7/1916. Sydney Claude Cusack; Chief Petty Officer Telegraphist; 1/7/1916. Frederick Charles Mulligan; Chief Petty Officer Telegraphist; 8/9/1916. Joseph Murray Johnson; Chief Petty Officer Telegraphist; 11/9/1916. George Bailey; Chief Petty Officer Telegraphist; 11/9/1916. J. A. JENSEN, Minister of State for the Navy.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232452617 NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 11 January 1917 23 April 2020 37 Trove Crawford appointed to the permanent Royal Australian Naval Radio Service as a Commissioned Telegraphist, noted in the Age AUSTRALIAN NAVAL WIRELESS. APPOINTMENTS AND PROMOTIONS. The following appointments to the permanent Royal Australian Naval Radio Service were announced yesterday in the "Commonwealth Gazette":— To be Radio Commander.— Engineer Lieut. Frank Gillespie Creswell, R.A.N. To be Radio Lieutenants.— Arthur Frederick Newman, George James Weston. To be Commissioned Telegraphists.— William T. S. Crawford, Walter M. Sweeney, George A. Scott, John M. Martin, Charles E. Tapp, Julian Leslie, George F. Chilton, Francis J. Burgoyne. To be Warrant Telegraphists.— James J. W. Lamb, Henry F. Coffey, Sydney Trim, Maitland G. Pope, Mark Mortimer, William H. Holloway, d'Arcy H. Reader, William G. Chapman, Victor Hodson, Neil H. Mayger, Clement G. B. Meredith; Frank J. C. Bridges, Gerald W. Walters, Frederick J. Henderson. The following promotions in the service were also announced:— To be Warrant Telegraphists (Acting).— Chief Petty Officer Telegraphists Charles C. King, Sydney C. Cusack, Frederick C. Mulligan, Joseph M. Johnson, George Bailey.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article155196949 AUSTRALIAN NAVAL WIRELESS The Age Victoria, Australia 12 January 1917 19 April 2020 6 Trove 1917 12 Index to Commonwealth Gazette – Crawford's appointment to RANRS Defence Department and Branches —continued. . . . Naval— . . . Crawford, W. T. S., Commissioned Telegraphist, 37. . . . Permanent Forces and Civil Staff — Appointments, Promotions, &c.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232450441 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1917 23 April 2020 13 Trove 1918 1918 06 Crawford is promoted within the RANRS as Radio Lieutenant, effective 1 January 1918 ROYAL AUSTRALIAN NAVAL RADIO SERVICE. Promotion. To be Radio Lieutenant — Commissioned Telegraphist William Tamillas Stephen Crawford. Dated 1st January, 1918.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232464971 NAVAL FORCES OF THE COMMONWEALTH. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 27 June 1918 23 April 2020 1374 Trove 1918 10 Crawford again reported rifle shooting, now with Randwick Naval Wireless Club RIFLE SHOOTING. CLUBS AT RANDWICK. Northern Suburbs Grade Matches. Another stiff nor'-easter greeted marks-men at Randwick yesterday. Twenty-six clubs were allotted targets, with the result that very few were able to get more than two targets each. Most of the shooting was done at the 600 and 1000 yards. Details:— . . . RANDWICK NAVAL WIRELESS CLUB.— Club shoot: 14 shots at 300 yards:— D. Mitchell 47, T. Sullivan 41, R. Pethbridge 40, R. Seale 39, T. Aitken 37, — McDonald 36, L. Morton 36, L. Thompson 34, L. Crawford 31, W. Josephs 28, H. T. Downie 23, W. Finch 22, W. Padgen 8.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article221417371 RIFLE SHOOTING The Sun New South Wales, Australia 20 October 1918 24 April 2020 8 Trove 1918 11 Crawford's Naval Wireless Rifle Club win competitions due to good handicap THE RIFLE GRADE CHAMPIONSHIP. By RANGE-FINDER. If the form shown in the opening round is indicative of what may be expected in the subsequent shoots, competitors in the Metropolitan championships are in for an interesting time of it. Of course, as everyone knows, wider margins are almost inevitable when the shooters reach the long and more flukey ranges, but it is nevertheless pleasant to those who love a close contest to see four out of the six competitors covered by a matter of four points. . . . The winner of the round, however, was the Randwick Naval Wireless Club, a new institution concerning which the handicapper had apparently been unable to arrive at an entirely reliable estimate. This team started off the limit mark with an allowance of 85 points, and the automatic increase based on its off-rifle score of 451 brought the grand total up to the maximum of 560 points.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article103531780 THE RIFLE Arrow New South Wales, Australia 15 November 1918 24 April 2020 3 Trove 1919 1919 10 Crawford wins a £1 prize in the rifle shoot at Randwick rifle range THE RIFLEMEN. WET DAY AT RANDWICK. Yesterday the whole of the elements seemed to have combined to make the day as difficult and unpleasant as possible for the marksmen at the N.R.A. prize meeting at Randwick. It is a rule of the association that matches must not be postponed on account of the weather, so that, despite the rain, the matches yesterday were fired. From the commencement of the "Referee," at 8 a.m., until long after the finish of the "Newmarch," a drizzly, misty rain drenched the competitors, whilst the chilly atmospheric conditions added to the discomfort. Finally, to swell the marksman's sea of troubles, the light was bad, and so, consequently, the shooting suffered. As an effect of the rain most of the targets, became discoloured, and patches beneath their surface showed out. This gave them a camouflaged appearance, which puzzled the shooters. . . . £1 Prizes: . . . W. T. S. Crawford (R.A.N.)http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article15852002 THE RIFLEMEN. w:The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 15 October 1919 24 April 2020 12 Trove 1920s 1920 1920 01 1920 02 1920 03 1920 04 Crawford wins another L1 prize at Randwick rifle range competition THE RIFLE. Metropolitan Prize Meeting: The B Series. (By BINOCULAR.) On Saturday last the eighth annual prize meet-ing under the auspices of the Metropolitan Dis-trict Rifle Clubs' Union was continued at Rand-wick, when the B series of matches were decided. The series consisted of the Concord (300yds), the Windsor (500yds), and the Penrith (600yds), the scores from these matches constituting the Cum-berland Aggregate. In addition the Westbrook and Coombes service matches (compulsory on all competitors at the meeting) were advanced an-other stage, and continuous matches at 300 and 900 yards attracted a good entry. Weather conditions were not too good, the wind being puffy from the sou'-sou'-west, whilst the light was not what it might have been. The arrangements in the hands of Mr. P. H. Part-ridge, the hon. sec. worked smoothly. The chief prize-winners were:— THE B SERIES. THE CONCORD. Ten shots at 300 yards; open to members of the Metropolitan District Rifle Clubs' Union who have not won an individual cash prize exceed-ing £3: £4 — G. W. Pulford (Lands Department) .. 48 £3 — G. Johnston (North Sydney) .. 47 £2 — P. S. Box (Sydney) .. 47 £2 — D. Scott (Sydney) .. 47 Nine prizes of £1 each: G. Arnold (Police), G. Ransom (Sydney), K. Makinson (Parramatta), G. V. Thomas (Bankstown), F. W. L. Travers (Mosman-Neutral Bay), A. V. Dale (Auburn), C. J. Stiff (South Sydney), 47; C. Williamson (Cockatoo Dockyard), C. E. Long (Eastern Sub-urbs), W. T. S. Crawford (Randwick Wireless), 46 (5 5). . . .http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article121159789 THE RIFLE Referee New South Wales, Australia 21 April 1920 24 April 2020 10 Trove 1920 05 1920 06 1920 07 1920 08 1920 09 1920 10 Crawford upon disbandment of RANRS, returns to the federal public service, appointed to PMGD as Inspector 3rd Class COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE. Melbourne, 28th October, 1920. THE undermentioned notifications of Staff changes, &c., are made in accordance with the Commonwealth Public Service Act and Regulations:— . . . POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. Central Staff. Ex. Min. No. 451. . . . The following persons have been appointed, without examination or probation, as shown hereunder, the appointments to take effect from the 28th October, 1920:— William Tamillias Stephen Crawford, Inspector 3rd Class, Clerical Division, £400 per annum, plus allowance of £45 per annum; . . .http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232517903 COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 28 October 1920 23 April 2020 2018 Trove 1920 11 RANRS disbanded and Crawford terminated DISBANDMENT OF R.A.N. RADIO SERVICE. THE Governor-General in Council has approved of that portion of the Permanent Naval Forces of the Commonwealth (Auxiliary Services), known as the Royal Australian Naval Radio Service, being disbanded on 28th October, 1920. Further, the appointments of the following officers of the Royal Australian Naval Radio Service are terminated on the disbandment of the Force:— Radio Commander Frank Gillespie Cresswell; Radio Lieutenants Arthur Frederick Newman, (Acting Radio Lieutenant-Commander) George James Weston, Donald Macdonald (Retired List), William Tamillas Stephen Crawford, and George Archibald Scott; Commissioned Telegraphists William George Clarke, John Michael Martin, Charles Edward Tapp, Julian Leslie, George Frederick Chilton, Francis James Burgoyne, Jack Bickley Stoyle, James Joseph Wiseman Lamb, Henry Freeman Coffey, Maitland Glen Pope, and Sydney Trim; Warrant Telegraphists Mark Mortimer, (Acting Commissioned Telegraphist) William Hart Holloway, Harold D'Arcy Reader, William George Chapman, Arthur Montague Howlett, Gordon George Phillips, Ellis Henry Smellie, (Acting Commissioned Telegraphist) Frank John Claude Bridges, Charles Edward Lemmon, Gerald Willis Walters, (Acting Commissioned Telegraphist) Charles Calvert King, Frederick Charles Mulligan, Joseph Murray Johnson, Austin Fletcher, Leonard Mowlem, Sydney Rolls, Ernest Richard McDonough, Allen Grafton Cox, John Henry Leverett, Hamilton Bennett Wolfe, William James John Wing, Louis Alfred Fontaine, Griffith Benjamin Evans, George Foot, William Jessop, George Henry Brown, and (Acting) Harold Roy Deneen. W. H. LAIRD SMITH, Minister for the Navy. (Ex. Min. No. 71.)http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232517967 DISBANDMENT OF R.A.N. RADIO SERVICE. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 11 November 1920 23 April 2020 2066 Trove 1920 12 Index to Crawford's RANRS termination Oct 1920 Navy Department — continued. Permanent Forces and Civil Staff — continued. Appointments, Promotions, &c.— continued. . . . Crawford, Radio-Lieut. W. T. S., 2066.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232518384 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1920 23 April 2020 26 Trove Index to Crawford's PMGD appointment Oct 1920 Public Service Act— continued, Allowances, Appointments, Appointments Confirmed, Furlough, Leave of Absence, Sick Leave, Probations Ewtended, &c.—continued. . . . Crawford, W. T. S., 2018.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232518384 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1920 23 April 2020 37 Trove 1921 1921 08 Crawford appointed as Commissioners for Declarations (along with several other senior inspectors) Statutory Declarations Act 1911. IT is hereby notified, for public information, that the undermentioned persons have this day been appointed by me to be Commissioners for Declarations under the above Act. R. R. GARRAN, Solicitor-General. 9th August, 1921. Postmaster-General's Department. James Malone, Esquire, Radio Service, Collins House, Melbourne, Victoria. William Tamillas Stephen Crawford, Esquire, care of State Engineer, General Post Office, Sydney, New South Wales. George Frederick Chilton, Esquire, Radio Station, Pinkenba, Brisbane, Queensland. George Archibald Scott, Esquire, Post Office, Fremantle, Western Australia. James Joseph Wiseman Lamb, Esquire, Radio Station, Townsville, Queensland. Julian Leslie, Esquire, Radio Station, Alberton, Adelaide, South Australia.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232183119 Government Gazette Appointments and Employment Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 18 August 1921 23 April 2020 1217 Trove 1921 12 Index to Crawford's appointment as Commissioner for Declarations, August 1921 Declarations, Commissioners for — continued. Appointments, Retirements, &c.— continued. POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT — continued. . . . Crawford, W. T. S., 1217.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232184038 Index page Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 31 December 1921 23 April 2020 7 Trove 1922 1922 11 Brief obituary for Crawford's mother who had remarried OBITUARY. Mrs. Cowen, a resident of South Melbourne for many years, died on Sunday at the residence of her son-in-law, Mr. A. A. Duke, "Pinefield," St. Vincent place. The widow of the late Thomas Cowen, she leaves two sons, Messrs. W. T. and F. C. Crawford, and two stepdaughters, Mesdames I'Anson and Mrs. Neilson, and a third stepchild, A. Cowen. J. A. E. Crawford, a son, who predeceased her, was a chemist. He enlisted in the war, but died on the way to England. Mr. F. C. Crawford was formerly assistant town clerk in South Melbourne, and is now city treasurer in Launceston. Mr. W. Crawford is connected with the Commonwealth wireless service.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article162538636 OBITUARY, Record Victoria, Australia 11 November 1922 13 April 2020 6 Trove Crawford scores well in miniature rifle shooting as member of Mosman-Neutral Bay club with other former RANRS colleagues MINIATURE SHOOTING. Sensational Scoring. The first round of the Metropolitan Miniature Union's annual A grade matches was fired on the central range, Victoria Bar-racks, and provided some remarkably high scoring and close finishes. It is claimed that the shooting creates a record in miniature contests for the Commonwealth. Details of the scores are as follow:— Sydney A.— Battishall 80, A. N. Pye 80, D. S. Dalmazzo 79, F. McGrath 79, S. J. Jackson 78 — total 396. Mosman-Neutral Bay, A. — F. J. Burgoyne 79, W. T. S. Crawford 79, C. H. Cromack 79, D. S. Macdonald 79, F. W. L. Travers 79 — total 395.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224157432 MINIATURE SHOOTING The Sun New South Wales, Australia 17 November 1922 25 April 2020 8 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove Crawford relocates his offices from the GPO to Macdonell House THE MAGIC SPARK. Radio Notes & News. ANOTHER PROMISE. BY DOT DASH. . . . RADIO INSPECTOR MOVES The popular Sydney Radio Inspector, Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, has moved from his office at the G.P.O., and is now located in Macdonell House, Pitt-street, City. When writing to him, the following address should be used: The Radio lnspector, care of P.M.G.'s Department, Construction Branch, Macdonell House, Pitt-street, Sydney.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article118821370 THE MAGIC SPARK Evening News New South Wales, Australia 18 November 1922 30 April 2020 7 Trove 1923 1923 04 Interesting insight into the work and difficulties of Crawford and other radio inspectors and a partial solution in honorary radio inspectors WIRELESS. Amateurs' Difficulties. Interesting Proposals. (By "RADIOPHONE.") An arrangement has been completed under which interesting wireless news will be regularly communicated, to "The Daily Telegraph" by "Radiophone," which is the nom de plume of a well-known amateur. Since the new regulations under the Wireless Telegraph Act were issued last December, the radio authorities have found it extremely difficult to administer the Act and regulations, and at the same time inspect experimenters' stations, to check their apparatus, and also to catch others who may be using wireless apparatus without a license and paid their fee of 10/. It is a very difficult task to expect one radio inspector and his single and only assistant (recently appointed) to examine the wireless installation of each ship that enters the port, examine students for marine operators' tickets, and at the same time patrol the streets in an endeavor to stop the illicit usage of vacuum tube or other receiving sets. In these days of very sensitive apparatus, such as will permit of a few turns of wire wound about a frame of from 2 to 4 feet diameter, or put around the inside of a door, acting as an aerial (and when connected to two or more valves, music and signals can be picked up), it is practically impossible to guard against the use without a license of such sets. The radio authorities have suggested to the Radio Association of New South Wales (which is an association of all clubs in New South Wales) and the Wireless Institute of Australia, that honorary radio inspectors should be nominated by those bodies, to examine existing licensed stations, and the equipment in use, and see if it complies with the license issued. "Listeners-in" any night will hear, especially in such areas as the western suburbs and the eastern suburbs, noises and squeals, caused by the wrong manipulation of valve receiving-sets. The wireless art is so young so far as its general application in this country is concerned, and the attendant difficulties associated with the obtaining of a license so great, that many people — boys and adults— are installing the apparatus without applying for a license and without knowing how to manipulate the intricate apparatus. In other cases a "crystal" license is applied for and granted, but after a week or two of experience, a keen desire is promoted to install such apparatus as will amplify to a marked degree the received music and speech, so that the whole family can hear without having to use the uncomfortable head telephones. These persons know that if they apply for a license to use valves they will be refused, on the grounds that they cannot manipulate the apparatus. This matter was dealt with at a meeting of the Radio Association of New South Wales, held in Sydney on Tuesday night. It was decided, "That the Radio Association is in entire accord with the wish of the chief manager of Wireless and Telegraphs in respect to the appointing of honorary radio inspectors, and that it will use its every endeavor to assist in making the scheme successful." AMATEUR TRANSMITTERS' DIFFICULTIES. A meeting of all amateurs holding radio experimental transmitting licenses under the Wireless Act was held the same evening. It was suggested by one experimenter that all transmitters should so organise themselves as to minimise interference (Q.R.M. in radio abbreviations), especially in view of the ever increasing number of amateur transmitters. He stated that he could hear five, or six sets of music all about the one wavelength, and this rendered reception impossible. Several other prominent license holders spoke on the subject, and one speaker suggested that the following points should be observed:— (1) That the actual times of experimental transmission should be regulated. (2) All those so engaged should observe the regulations in the method of procedure, which lays down that ten minutes' actual transmission, followed by three minutes' interval, during which the amateur should listen in on the wave length he had been transmitting on, so that he could hear any reports, in case he was interfering with others. (3) That the correct power should be adhered to, and only sufficient power should be used to enable communications to be carried on with the receiving station. (4) It was very necessary for all those possessing an experimental transmission license to be connected by land telephone. (5) That the upper band of wave lengths, 400 to 425 metres, should be reserved for clubs and a few others. (6) The systematic allotment of wave lengths in different areas. (7) Each transmitting station should possess a wavemeter, which had been calibrated from a standard. This would enable the owner to periodically test his apparatus. All the above suggestions were well received, and deemed worthy of attention, especially by the radio authorities. REGULAR NIGHTLY TRANSMISSIONS. Those possessing receiving sets will now be able to listen to good experimental transmissions from 8 to 10 o'clock every night, as the meeting decided to mutually arrange that only one experimenter would transmit at a time, and for no longer than half an hour. All those listening-in might render valuable assistance to these keen experimenters by reporting to "Radiophone," c/o "The Daily Telegraph," Sydney, who will see that the experimenter concerned will be advised, and the information published in those columns.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245818070 WIRELESS The Daily Telegraph New South Wales, Australia 12 April 1923 1 May 2020 6 Trove Further insights into the work of the radio inspector RADIO BUREAU. (By RADIOPHONE.) It is the intention of this bureau to educate the public into understanding exactly what all this "wireless" and '"radio" means. In the first place, the meaning of these terms might be explained so as to avoid confusion. Before the war the term "wireless" was used generally throughout the world, but of late years it has been universally conceded that the term "radio" was more applicable to this branch of science. This was because, when signals were sent out by a radio transmitting station, the signals were radiated into space in every direction and to every point of the compass, hence the decision to coin the term "radio", and use it throughout the world. Some people are under the wrong impression that "wireless", indicates communication by Morse code only, and "radio" communication by speech, etc. The fact is that "radio-telephony" means radiation of telephony into space, and radio-telegraphy wireless transmission by the Morse code. The situation existing in Australia for the control of all radio matters is set out in detail for the guidance of those interested. The chief manager, Telegraphs and Wireless, P.M.G.'s Department, is the head of the wireless branch of the P.M.G.'s Department, and is located at Flinders Lane, Melbourne. This gentleman is in charge of all wireless matters in the Commonwealth. He administers the Wireless Telegraph Act, and the regulations issued in December last. The regulations provide for several forms of licenses, but the only license available to the average person is that of an experimental (receiving, and/or transmitting) nature. This experimental license is obtained in the following red-tape manner:— A form is obtained either from the Radio-Inspector, Macdonell House, Pitt Street, Sydney, or at any radio shop. All particulars have to be filled in, and the form posted to the Chief Manager, Telegraphs and Wireless, P.M.G.'s Department Melbourne, where it receives attention in the course of a month or two, if one is lucky. In due course the letter is acknowledged, and, if you are fortunate, a statutory declaration form is enclosed for the applicant to fill in and sign. The applicant is required to send £1 as annual transmitting and receiving fee, or 10/ for annual receiving fee only. After the forms have been sent to Melbourne nothing further is heard for some weeks, but when the reply does come to hand the letter contains two license forms, which must be signed and witnessed. It is necessary to return these license forms to Melbourne. Then, in "due course" again, the applicant receives final permission. Officially, the applicant is not supposed to do any work with his apparatus, pending the finalisation of his application. Amateurs would be well advised to obtain a copy of the wireless regulations from the Inquiry Officer, Commonwealth Bank Buildings, Sydney. The cost is 1/3 per copy. When filling in the application form referred to, particular attention must be paid to the question, in which the applicant is asked, "What experiments are you desirous of carrying out?" No license will be granted, if it is stated that the applicant desires to listen to music, etc. The applicant must state his intention to study the art, and endeavor to master the intricacies of wireless. The reason for this is that, under the regulations, there are several kinds of licenses: (1) Coast station license, (2) ship station license, (3) land station license, (4) broadcasting station license, (5) experimental (transmitting and receiving) license, (6) experimental (receiving only) license, (7) portable station license, (8) aircraft station license. Except with special consent, a license will not be granted to any person who is not a natural-born British subject, or whose father was not a natural-born British subject at the date of the applicant's birth, or whose mother was at any time a subject of a State with which his Majesty was at war during the period 1914–1919. The only licenses that concern the average person, at present desiring a license are numbers 5, 6, and 7, and of these No. 7 is the most general. At present, no licenses are issued to persons who merely want to listen-in. The issue of such licenses, however, will come with the introduction of official broadcasting. The "experimental receiving license" will be issued to any person who can comply with the regulations. If a crystal set is used, not much experience is necessary, but if a valve is used the applicant must possess some knowledge of the. manipulation and action of the apparatus. Persons who are interested will gain a fair knowledge of the elementary principles of wireless, by purchasing some good books on the subject. Indeed, they would be well advised to join a radio club in their locality, if one should exist. Country enthusiasts would be well advised to join clubs. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. "G.D.H.," Hurstville, writes asking particulars of license fees, and how to obtain the necessary. Answer: Your wishes were anticipated, and the information asked for is published above. "M.W.B.," West Maitland, asked for address of Wireless Institute. Answer: The address of the secretary of the Wireless Institute of Australia (N.S.W. division), is Box 3120, G.P.O., Sydney, who will be only too pleased to supply you with particulars, etc. "A.C.M.," Parramatta, asked (1) if there is any danger in using the electric light wires as an aerial, if he places a piece of tinfoil around the lamp while it is burning, and connecting the wireless set to the piece of tin foil. (2) Is this method efficient? Answer: (1) No danger, providing you do not interfere with or touch the actual e.I. wires. (2) Not very efficient, but depends upon the apparatus used, and the skill of the operator. Questions will be dealt with in this column every Thursday.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245819065 RADIO BUREAU The Daily Telegraph New South Wales, Australia 19 April 1923 1 May 2020 6 Trove Crawford's position as Inspector, 3rd Class, Clerical Division, Radio Telegraphs and Telephones with Prime Minister's Department is abolished COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SERVICE. Melbourne, 26th April, 1923. THE undermentioned notifications of Staff changes, &c., are made in accordance with the Commonwealth Public Service Act and Regulation:— . . . PRIME MINISTER'S DEPARTMENT AND DEPARTMENT OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS. . . . Abolition of Positions — Radio Telegraphs and Telephones.— Inspector, 3rd Class, Clerical Division, occupied by W. T. S. Crawford (stationed at Sydney); Inspector, 3rd Class, Clerical Division, occupied by G. A. Scott (stationed at Perth); Inspector, 3rd Class, Clerical Division, occupied by J. M. Martin; Assistant Inspector, 4th Class, Clerical Division, occupied by T. Armstrong (stationed at Sydney); Clerk, 4th Class, Clerical Division, occupied by J. O'Kelly; Clerk, 5th Class, Clerical Division, occupied by W. R. R. Langford; Typist, General Division, occupied by Lelia B. G. Maclaren; Messenger, General Division, occupied by S. J. Williams.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232521913 COMMONWEALTH PUBLIC SEEVICE. I Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 26 April 1923 23 April 2020 598 Trove 1923 05 Malone appoints honorary radio inspectors (2CM, 2CX, 2BB, 4SP) from amongst the amateur ranks to assist Crawford in policing the amateurs WIRELESS. HONORARY INSPECTORS APPOINTED. When the amended wireless regulations were issued by the Commonwealth authorities some little time ago, it was decided, owing to the rapid growth of the amateur movement, to appoint honorary radio inspectors in each State. Those inspectors were to be selected from the ranks of the experimenters, and were to assist the radio inspector in each State to administer the regulations as applied to amateur stations. The appointments for New South Wales have been made by the chief manager of the telegraphs and wireless branch (Mr. Malone), who has selected the following:— Messrs. D. Maclurcan, H. E. Stowe, E. B. Crocker, and J. W. Robinson. Those honorary inspectors will assist Mr. Crawford, State radio inspector, and will visit amateur stations in various districts. Control of wireless is now in the hands of the Postmaster-General's Department, and steps have been taken to employ the postal organisation for the detection of unlicensed stations. With this end in view, letter carriers have been asked to report to the department all stations observed on their rounds. By this means it is hoped to check the erection and maintenance of unauthorised apparatus.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16061627 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 21 May 1923 12 April 2020 10 Trove 1923 06 SS Sumatra founders in gale, Crawford had certified its wireless equipment BODIES WASHED ASHORE. POLICE SEARCHING FOR WRECKAGE. KEMPSEY, Friday. Yesterday afternoon the body, which had been found in the surf at Crescent Head, was brought to Kempsey. A further examination of the body showed that the man had "Hands Across the Sea" tattooed on one arm, while there were also tattoo marks on the other arm. Eight pound notes were found in the pockets, and also two small handkerchiefs, but there were no papers by which he could be identified. Police are patrolling the beach for traces of wreckage, but a search by civilians yesterday failed to locate anything. The clothing on the body was examined, and a tailor's notice was discovered inside the trousers as follows:— "S. Fewtrell, No. 823, Date, 1919. Made by Peapes and Co., Sydney." The name corresponds with the initials on the signet ring found on the little finger of the body. The police are delaying the funeral till tomorrow in the hope of discovering some of the dead man's relatives. Word has just been brought to town that another body has been washed up on the beach between Hat Head and McGuire's Crossing, about six or seven miles from where the first body was found. The police have gone to investigate. ALL SHIPPING NOTIFIED. Regularly throughout the night, wireless messages were broadcasted to shipping from the Sydney Radio Station at Pennant Hills to all shipping to look out for the Sumatra. Calls to the Sumatra failed to elicit any response, and early this morning no word had been received from any ship that had seen the Sumatra after she left Sydney Heads. THE LOST VESSEL. Before the war the Sumatra was the property of the Nord Deutscher Lloyd, and was used for that company's operations in the German Archipelago. After the outbreak of war she was captured by the Australian forces and was taken over by the Commonwealth Government. Later she was transferred to the New Guinea Administration. Built at Kiel in 1889, the Sumatra is a steel single-screw one-deck steamer of 584 tons gross register, and was fitted with wireless. Her dimensions were:— Length 171.4 feet, beam 27.2 feet, and depth 12.1 feet. She was equipped with triple-expansion engines capable of developing 61 nominal horse power. THE SYDNEY AGENT. The agent of the vessel in Sydney was the New Guinea Trading Agency, which has its offices in the Commonwealth Bank-chambers, and it controlled by Mr. W. C. Harvey. The cargo was loaded by Burns, Philp, and Co., Limited, but boyond the actual loading Burns, Philp, and Co., Limited, had nothing to do with the vessel.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16059289 BODIES WASHED ASHORE. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 30 June 1923 25 April 2020 13 Trove 1923 07 Details of the wireless gear on the SS Sumatra that Crawford inspected and certified THE WIRELESS GEAR. Mr. T. E. Dunster, of Sydney, who has travelled extensively through the islands inspecting the various wireless stations, stated on Saturday that the aerials of the Sumatra were mounted on high topmasts in order to increase the range of the set. The installation was of low power, being only a half-kilowatt set. It was constructed at the Royal Australian naval workshops at Randwick during the war. In 1917 Mr. Dunster recalled that Wireless-operator, Twycross, then on the Sumatra, had spoken with Sydney from off the Woodlark Islands, a distance of about 1500 miles. Mr. Dunster stated that the Sumatra was a fairly good sea boat, but it was noticeable that she rolled a great deal. This was shown by a clock hanging on a hook in the wireless room, which, through the continual rolling of the ship, had worn a considerable arc of a circle on the wall. Although Mr. Dunster travelled on the vessel for many voyages between 1919 and 1921 totalling many thousands of miles, she had never encountered any really rough weather such as that recently experienced off the coast. Ordinarily she was in sight of land and able to take refuge, and it was rare for the vessel to be out of sight of land for more than 12 hours at a time. As to her speed, it stated that in 1921, after overhaul, the vessel was able to steam at nine knots.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16077838 THE WIRELESS GEAR. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 2 July 1923 25 April 2020 11 Trove A little information about Oswald Ega, the wireless officer on the SS Sumatra SUMATRA'S WIRELESS OPERATOR. Yesterday it was ascertained that Mr. A. McIntosh, who was wireless officer on the Sumatra on the inward voyage, had not been lost on the vessel, but that his place had been filled prior to sailing by another operator, Oswald Egan. The wireless operator, it was stated yesterday, was supplied by the Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia), Limited, and all that the master of the Sumatra knew a few days before sailing was that a man was coming over from Tasmania, but he did not then know his name. McIntosh, who was wireless officer on the Sumatra prior to her last sailing, had received leave, and was away from Sydney. THE LATE MR. OSWALD EGAN. The wireless officer who sailed with the vessel, Mr. Oswald Egan, came to the mainland from Stanley, Tasmania, where his parents resided. He went to Rabaul in May, 1919, from the telegraph office at Burnie, and had been attached to the radio station at Bita-paka. Some time ago he returned to Australia on furlough, and was returning to Rabaul when the diaster overtook the Sumatra.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16078041 SUMATRA'S WIRELESS OPERATOR. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 3 July 1923 25 April 2020 8 Trove A moving tribute to wireless telegraphy, in the context of the loss of the SS Sumatra THE DIVINE SPARK. WIRELESS AND HUMANITY. (By 2. R. N.) It had been blowing hard from the south and south-east during the week, and Sydney was filled with the sorry tidings of the storm. Inside the harbour ferry traffic had been disorganised, and along the coasts small vessels had been forced to run for shelter. Even big liners had been buffeted by the gale, and with decks awash had been hove-to for hours on end awaiting the abatement of the storm's wild play. Ashore, a chill wind blew along every wet street, and all who were able had sought the shelter of their homes and the comfort of their firesides. A lull had come at last, and the little colliers, which eke out an existence by dodging up and down the coasts in a never-ending procession, had once more ventured out of the shelter of the ports. Sydney was beginning to congratulate itself on the manner in which fortune had smiled, had smiled so that no valuable lives had been lost. And while the city's inhabitants were thus settling down after two days of mild sensation those who control the movements of shipping along the coasts were flinching at a rumour which was spreading like wildfire alone the waterfront. One little vessel which had dared to risk the fury of the elements had not been spoken for two days, and was believed to have been lost. Those who know the sea and its ways were shaking their heads. A body had been washed ashore further north, so the land line telegraph had said, and among the ships the questions were asked, "From what vessel had it come?" Where was the Sumatra, the little island vessel which five weeks previously had made the voyage from Rabaul to Sydney for repairs, and four days ago had cleared the Heads bound north? She was fitted with wireless, and shortly after leaving had reported herself to a coast station, but after that there had been an ominous silence. Why had she failed to communicate for three days? A north coaster, too, was somewhat overdue. Had anything happened to her? And then to allay fears for this vessel the land line clicked again, and reported her arrival at one of the river ports. But still the Sumatra was unspoken, and her strange silence seemed to forecast that something had happened to the ship and her crew. Later in the night, when seamen along the waterfront spoke of her almost in whispers, the land lines informed Sydney that the body which had come ashore had been identified as that of the Sumatra's chief officer, and that wreckage from the vessel had been cast up on the beaches. It was shortly after 8 o'clock, and many owners of private wireless stations had settled down to enjoy a musical programme, which was being transmitted from a Sydney station. The night was almost perfect for reception, and through the ether came some splendidly transmitted vocal and instrumental items. Suddenly, however, breaking through most of the amateur stations' low tuning, came the sharp, ringing note of the Sydney Radio Station. In short dots and dashes the "all stations" call was given, and those who were listening to the concert, after reflecting upon the disadvantages of maintaining a receiver close to a high-powered commercial station, waited for the morse transmission to cease. A weather report was despatched through the vast expanse of space, and then came a moment's pause, which allowed the strains of wireless music to reach the ears of listeners. Sydney Radio had concluded, it was thankfully thought by the amateurs, but a moment later back carne the ringing note of the big land station. This time it was not the general call, nor was it the ordinary call to any ship, but loudly, clearly, and sent by a determined hand came the special wreckage warning to all stations within range. There was no mistaking the steady, evenly spaced series of dashes, which indicated that a message, which spelled danger to some vessel, was about to follow. And then, slowly, with every word transmitted twice, came the special warning to all ships, informing them that the little Sumatra, which had not been heard of, was supposed to have been lost in the gale, and requesting masters to report when they had last spoken her. Sydney Radio morsed out the end-of-transmission symbol, and after a period of silence the humming notes of ship stations could be heard calling back to the land stations. The music still came through the ether, but somehow or other it seemed to have lost its charm. The vision of a little ship engulfed in a mighty sea seemed to be conjured up by the warning message. It might be too late, but all ships in the vicinity of the tragedy knew that something had happened, and scores of sailormen were ready to stand by if anything could be done. A fox trot, well played, sped through the ether, but it seemed wrong to listen to it. Wireless had done so much in the past to succour humans in distress, and once again, off our own coast this time, its magic notes had flashed out, travelling with the speed of light. Music seemed to be out of place. Many an amateur closed down his station with a sigh for those who unfortunately were even then beyond human aid. And while the music still played the divine spark again shot forth as other coast stations reported the warning calls.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16078931 THE DIVINE SPARK. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 7 July 1923 25 April 2020 7 Trove Thomas Armstrong gives evidence on the SS Sumatra's wireless in the absence of Crawford in Qld WAS SHE SEAWORTHY? FOUNDERING OF THE SUMATRA. ROYAL COMMISSION OF INQUIRY. SOME SAY "YES" AND SOME SAY "NO" IF it is considered that the Sumatra was lost, what was the probable cause of her loss? Was the vessel properly and sufficiently manned? Was the vessel adequately provided with life-saving appliances and equipment? Was she in a good and seaworthy condition? Was the cargo a safe and proper one? Was the cargo properly stowed? Was the vessel overladen? THE ROYAL COMMISSION of Inquiry into the loss of the steamer Sumatra commenced its sittings on No. 1 District Court today and asked for answers to the questions set out above. The Commission was constituted as follows: Judge Cohen to ???? Captain Vine Hall and Captain Chudleigh. . . . "IDEAL FOR HAWKESBURY." "She would have made an ideal ship for going up the Hawkesbury." added wltness. But I would not mind going to sea in her. People who go to sea take what's going." Norman Campbell of the Australasian Wireless Company said the wireless equipment of the Sumatra was overhauled before she left Sydney. When she left it was in as good order as it was possible to put it. In reply to Mr. Toombs, witness said he believed the vessel had been in wireless communication with the Pennant Hills station on the night she left Sydney. WIRELESS ALL RIGHT. Thomas Armstrong, assistant radio inspector at the G.P.O., said Mr. Crawford, an officer of the department, had made an inspection of the Sumatra's wireless in June last. He gave the certificate produced that the installation was in order, and that there were no defects in the apparatus. John Stanley Colhoun, master mariner, said he took over the Sumatra from Captain Willis in March, 1916. He saw or heard nothing of the Sumatra having sunk at the wharf at Rabaul. At the time witness took charge the Sumatra's' hull was in good condition. Dr. Brissenden: Is it a fact that the bulkhead was in such a condition that you could put your boot through it?— No. Was the vessel seaworthy?— I have been in her in bad weather, and found her seaworthy and a good sea boat. Mr. Tombs: You say the vessel was in a seaworthy condition. On whose recommendation was it that £7982 was spent on repairs to the ship at Brisbane in 1917?— I could not say. But I know repairs had to be carried out. Witness said that when the vessel shipped seas the water always got away slowly, but without doing any damage.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119160741 WAS SHE SEAWORTHY? Evening News New South Wales, Australia 26 July 1923 25 April 2020 7 Trove Crawford in Brisbane conducting examinations for proficiency certificates and inspecting ship wireless facility GENERAL NOTES. Wireless Inspections. The radio inspector for New South Wales and Queensland, Mr. W. T. Crawford, is at present on an official visit to Brisbane, and has been conducting examinations for wireless operators proficiency certificates, and also inspecting the wireless equipment of vessels which do not trade south of Brisbane.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article184702303 MARITIME NEWS. Daily Standard Queensland, Australia 27 July 1923 25 April 2020 5 (SECOND EDITION) Trove The Inquiry into the loss of the SS Sumatra commences in Sydney LOSS OF SUMATRA. INQUIRY OPENED. Conflicting Evidence. The Royal Commission appointed to inquire into the loss of the steamer Sumatra, a steamer of 581 tons gross register, belonging to the New Guinea Administration, in a storm off the North Coast of New South Wales last month, sat in No. 1 District Court yesterday morning. The commission consisted of Judge Cohen (chairman) and Captains Vine Hall and Chudleigh. Mr. Brian Clancy (instructed by Mr. C. P. White) appeared to watch the interests of Mr. Louis Henry Paul, legal personal representative of the late Mr. A. P. Kennedy, chief engineer of the Sumatra. Mr. S. Toombs, representing the Radio Telegraphists' Institute, appeared on behalf of the late Mr. Egan, wireless operator of the Sumatra. Mr. W. A. H. Rogers appeared to assist Captain Newton, State Superintendent of Navigation; Mr. R. N. Henderson, for the widow of the late Captain Bell, master of the Sumatra; and Dr. Brissenden, K.C. (instructed by the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor), to assist the Commission with evidence. The terms of the Commission were to inquire as to:— (a) When and where was the steamer Sumatra last heard of. (b) Is it considered on the evidence available that she was lost at sea, and on or about what date was she lost? (c) If it is considered that she was lost, what was the probable cause of her loss? (d) When the Sumatra left Sydney on June 25, 1923. (1) What was the total number of persons employed on board her, and what were their names and respective ratings? (2) What other persons were carried? (e) Was the vessel properly and sufficiently manned? (f) Was the vessel adequately provided with life-saving appliances and equipment. (g) Was the vessel when she left Sydney in a good and seaworthy condition, and particularly, (1) was the cargo a safe and proper one? (2) Was the cargo properly stowed? (3) Was the vessel overladen? Dr. Brissenden said that evidence would be given that the vessel was in good condition when she left; that her life-saving equipment was satisfactory; and that her cargo was well stowed. He suggested that the fact that only two bodies were found, and no wreckage, would indicate that the two officers who were found were the only ones on deck at the time of the disaster. He also suggested that the disaster had occurred suddenly, and that the possibility of a sudden casualty was not unforeseen by the officers. The first witness called was Valentine Arthur Buchanan Willis, who stated that while serving with the naval and military expedition to New Guinea, he had been placed in charge of the Sumatra in April, 1916. The vessel was in such a condition when he took her over that when told at first to do so, he had refused. He had been 3000 or 4000 miles in her, but it had been a case of necessity. To his knowledge nothing had been done to the vessel since she was captured, and when he took her over he could put his foot through the bulkheads down below. The engines were in a bad state, and it was very difficult to get the vessel to go astern. To Dr. Brissenden witness said he considered it would have been possible to put the vessel into good order, but not for work anywhere, because she was not constructed for bad weather in the way she was fitted up. Witness explained that owing to the narrow alleyways between the deck houses and the way they were constructed, it was difficult for the vessel to get rid of the water when she shipped a heavy sea. William Colquhoun, at present superintendent stevedore for Messrs. Burns, Philp, and Co., said he had charge of the Sumatra at Rabaul from March, 1916, to December, 1919, except for a period of six months. The vessel was all right when he took her over. He disagreed with Mr. Willis as to her condition. Her hull was all right, and he never had much trouble with her. Her engines were not very good, and he had trouble going astern. He did not remember the vessel sinking at the wharf at Rabaul. The vessel had never given him any anxiety as to her seaworthiness when he had her. He saw the work carried out on the vessel at Garden Island in 1918. They had then practically put in a new main deck and another iron deck underneath it. On that occasion the vessel was overhauled in her engines, boilers, auxiliary engines, bulkheads, and all interior equipment. Everything witness, as master, had asked to be done was done. At Cockatoo Dock, after she had been at Garden Island, her plates were tested, and in no case had any plates to be replaced. Captain Hugh McPhee, who had command of the Sumatra in 1919–20, said the vessel was as seaworthy as any other vessel of her size. He had frequently been in bad weather with her. Stanley Frederick Douglas, who at one time was second engineer, for six months, of the Sumatra, said that from his experience the ship was a good one as far as seaworthiness was concerned. He and the late Mr. Kennedy had examined her engine and found only one defect, in the Kingston valve, which caused difficulty in going astern. William Snellgrove, superintending engineer for Burns, Philp, and Co., stated he had inspected the vessel on behalf of the Administrator of Rabaul, when she was placed in Mort's Dock, in 1922. The ship was then in fair condition for a vessel of her age. She had some thin plates which had to be renewed, and other repairs were also carried out. When the vessel left the dock she was fit to go anywhere as far as her strength was concerned. David Henry Walker, assistant foreman boilermaker at Mort's Dock, gave evidence as to repairs carried out to the Sumatra in 1923. The work was being superintended by the late Captain Bell, and the late Mr. Kennedy. There were some indents in the vessel's bottom, which had been pulled out and riveted. The engine-room bulkhead had been repaired on that occasion, and other repairs had also been effected. John Livingstone King, foreman engineer at Mort's Dock, gave evidence that in May, 1923, the engines of the Sumatra had been completely overhauled. After that the engines were in thoroughly good order. When tested, the boilers were holding a steam pressure of 180 lb. Expert evidence was given that the vessel's wireless apparatus was in good condition when she left Sydney. Captain John Stanley Colhoun said that when he took over command of the Sumatra from Captain Willis in July, 1915, the latter did not make any comment on the condition of the vessel. He inspected the ship fore and aft. The hull was in good condition, but the awning fittings were not. It was not a fact that the bulkheads were in such a condition that a man could put his boot through them. The steering gear was not in very good order. He continued in command till March, 1916, during which time he had cruised thousands of miles in her, travelling from the British Solomons to Rabaul. The vessel was seaworthy, and a good sea boat. He had encountered rough weather, when the Sumatra had shipped water on the deck, but he had not experienced any anxiety about her getting rid of it. He had read in the newspapers that the Sumatra sank at the wharf two days after Captain Willis left her. He was on the ship from the time of taking her over, and know nothing of her sinking, nor could he advance any reason for Captain Willis making such a statement. Edwin Button, supervising stevedore for Messrs. Burns, Philp, and Co., said he loaded the Sumatra on her last trip, and he interviewed Captain Bell on the matter. Whon the cargo was all stowed the Plimsoll mark was 1½ inch clear. Evidence that a severe cyclonic storm was operating off the coast at the time the Sumatra disappeared was given by Mr. D. J. Mares, State Meteorologist. After other evidence had been given as to the Sumatra having come to Sydney the last time for repairs necessitated through the vessel having run ashore on a coral reef, and as to the ship's loading and life-saving gear having been inspected subsequently by Mr. Benjamin Palmer, of the Navigation Department and found to be satisfactory. Judge Cohen intimated that it was the duty of anyone who could possibly give evidence before the commission, or throw the slightest light on the questions before them, to do so. Anyone who could give information should communicate with the secretary or the Commonwealth Solicitor-General. The Commission adjourned until 10 a.m. this morning.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16083406 LOSS OF SUMATRA. INQUIRY OPENED. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 27 July 1923 25 April 2020 12 Trove George Augustine Taylor gives kudos to Gibson, Malone and Crawford in the Wireless Weekly as release of Wireless Regulations 1923 is imminent AN INTERVIEW. "This week is a history-making period in Australian Wireless, as it will see the gazettal of the Regulations for Australian Broadcasting,” said Mr. George A. Taylor, President of the Association for the Development of Wireless in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji, in the course of a chat with our representative. "It will be specially important to Australia as it will bring the blessings of wireless over the whole of our Continent. Already a number of companies are arranging to broadcast information as well as musical and other entertaining items, the Broadcasting Regulations giving them every facility for efficient working. "In this respect much credit must be given to the Postmaster-General, the Hon. W. G. Gibson, for the open-handed way that he has invited those best qualified to draw up efficient regulations; and when the story of the success of Australian wireless comes to be written, Mr. Gibson should be given considerable credit for it. "It should also be mentioned that there is another important individual behind Australian wireless, Mr. J. Malone, Chief Manager of Wireless and Telegraphs, who is most enthusiastic about all that pertains to the best development of wireless, and whose valuable assistance, those interested in wireless in Australia are ready to acknowledge. The officials connected with wireless, including Mr. Crawford, are also to be well-wished, as they have been ever ready to give help to investigators, and in the administration of the Regulations, it is hoped that every consideration will be given the officials who will have no easy task in satisfying so many and so varied an army of enthusiasts that the new epoch in Australian Wireless will develop." The inauguration of official broadcasting in Australia will be an interesting event in the history of Australia, hence it will be celebrated by special messages being forwarded. A special wave length will be announced in the daily press, on which the special messages will be transmitted, and on the same wavelength, particularly appropriate musical programmes will be rendered by which all "listeners-in" can be entertained. . . . (Start Photo Caption) MR. W. T. S. CRAWFORD. (End Photo Caption) Radio Inspector, P.M.G’s. Department, who holds the 2nd highest position as a Government official in the Wireless Administration of the Commonwealth. Mr Crawford hails from Bendigo, Victoria, and has been connected with Cable, Telegraph and Wireless services since 1897. During the war, and until 1920, he was a Radio Lieutenant in the R.A.N. Radio Service. The position he now holds as Radio Inspector for New South Wales and Queensland entails the inspection of ships’ wireless stations, examining of operators for their tickets, control of experimenters in N.S.W. and Queensland and when they come into force, administration of broadcasting regulations. In these duties he is ably assisted by Mr. T. Armstrong (A. R. I.) Mr Crawford, as we have previously stated in these columns, holds the admiration and respect of all those engaged in wireless both professionally and experimentally, and has given quite a lot of his valuable time in assisting experimenters with their technical difficulties.An Interview George Augustine Taylor http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-640046512 Wireless Weekly (Australia) Sydney Wireless Newspapers Limited 27 July 1923 no 2 30 3-4 2 May 2020 , The Inquiry continues, reveals that no wireless licence had been issued to the SS Sumatra LOSS OF SUMATRA. ROYAL COMMISSION. Last Sight of the Vessel. The Royal Commission which is inquiring into the loss of the steamer Sumatra, a vessel of 584 tons gross register, which disappeared in the big storm last month on the North Coast ot New South Wales, continued the hearing of evidence yesterday. Mr. Brian Clancy and with him Mr. M. F. Loxton (instructed by Mr. C. P. White) appeared to watch the interests of Mr. Louis Henry Paul, legal personal representative of the late Mr. A. P. Kennedy, chief engineer of the Sumatra. Mr. S. Toombs, representing the Radio Telegraphists' Institute, appeared on behalf of the late Mr. Egan, wireless operator of the Sumatra. Mr. W. A. H. Rogers appeared to assist Captain Newton, State Superintendent of Navigation; Mr. R. N. Henderson, for the widow of the late Captain Bell, master of the Sumatra; and Dr. Brissenden, K.C. (instructed by the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor), to assist the Commission with evidence. Captain Frederick William Merrett, master of the steamer Macquarie, which was the last vessel to sight the Sumatra before she foundered, said he saw the Sumatra on June 26 last, about seven miles east of Cape Hawke, about 12.20 p.m. The Sumatra was sailing about north-half east, about four miles from the Macquarie. Witness's vessel was inside the Sumatra, and there was a strong westerly wind blowing at the time, with thick rain. He lost sight of the Sumatra shortly afterwards. At the time the Sumatra seemed to be in no trouble. It continued to blow a hard westerly, with southerly seas making all the time. Shortly after he saw the Sumatra, he noticed a hurricane coming along from the south south-east. The seas were running before it like a tidal wave. The sea soon after became the worst he had seen in 32 years on the coast. Witness decided to take shelter, as it was impossible for him to continue, and he ran under Cape Hawke, where he stayed until six o'clock on the fol-lowing Thursday morning (June 28). The bad weather lasted till about noon on June 27, when the seas began to moderate. Mr. Loxton: The Sumatra was a vessel of 500 odd tons, I believe. Do you think a ship of 500 tons would be able to cope with a sea of that size? Witness: It would depend on the ship. There are ships of 500 tons which would be able to make fine weather of it. To Mr. Toombs : The vessel would have no chance of making for shelter from where she was. The nearest shelter to her would be in Trial Bay. Commander George James Banks stated that in 1920 he had been a staff officer in charge of the expeditionary force in New Guinea. Under his instructions, the Sumatra had been sent down to Sydney and docked at Cockatoo. He had been instructed to have the vessel thoroughly repaired. Witness had appointed a consulting engineer (Mr. Anderson) to advise on the repairs necessary to the ship, and in addition had had her surveyed and a report supplied as to her hull. The repairs were carried out to the satisfaction of both the consulting engineer and the surveyor. Robert Alexander Anderson, consulting marine engineer, stated he had been called in to advise what repairs were required on the Sumatra in 1920. Witness and the surveyor (Captain Green) had assessed her value at £18,000. There was no restriction placed on the expenditure for repairs to the vessel. In reply to Mr. Toombs, witness said that no suggestion had been made to him by the master or the chief engineer of the Sumatra that the wash ports were insufficient to carry off the water. Captain Charles Green corroborated the evidence of Mr. Anderson regarding the repairs to the Sumatra in 1920. George Pickford Gay, accountant at Cockatoo, produced a statement of the account for repairs effected to the Sumatra at Cockatoo in 1920. The total amount was £9016/5/11. Valentine Arthur Buchanan Willis, who was master of the Sumatra in 1916, recalled at his own request, said that, as there seemed to be some doubt as to his statement that the vessel had settled on the bottom while alongside the wharf at Rabaul, he would like to say that the man who was acting as King's Harbour Master at Rabaul at the time was a Mr. James Grady, a retired naval officer, who could confirm his statement, as he was the man who pumped the vessel out. Witness also produced a copy of a report which he had made to the Commissioner at Rabaul, in which he stated that, while the Sumatra was a good seaboat, she was not fit to carry deck passengers, as they were liable to be washed overboard. William Harvey, trade agent in New South Wales for the Administration of New Guinea, gave evidence as to the instructions he had received from the Administrator regarding the repairs to the Sumatra on arrival from her last trip from Rabaul to Sydney. The Administrator had fixed the cost of repairs not to exceed £1500, but Captain Bell (the ship's rnaster) had told witness that this was to cover general repairs quite apart from the repairs necessary as the result of the grounding of the ship on a reef. The total cost of repairs, not including a wireless set installed, was £2663/9/4. Witness knew that a wireless license had been refused the vessel. Captain Colquhoun, recalled, in reply to a question from Dr. Brissenden, said that he did not think that the presence of a second mate on the vessel would have made any difference in the circumstances. Objection was taken by Mr. Loxton and Mr. Toombs to a letter from Captain Richardson, the previous master of the Sumatra, being put in as evidence, as it referred to evidence given by Mr. Willis as to the condition of the ship in 1915. Judge Cohen said a lot of the evidence given regarding the state of the vessel in 1915 was of little value, unless it transpired that no repairs had been made to the vessel since that time. He did not uphold the objection. John H. Spencer said that on one occasion when he was a passenger on the Sumatra, she went through a typhoon for five hours off the north-west coast of German New Guinea. His experience of her was that she was a splendid sea boat. He had heard it said that the structural alterations made to the vessel in Brisbane — the substitution of a wooden for a canvas awning — had made her top-heavy. Captain Colhoun, recalled, said he did not think that the structural alterations made to the vessel in 1917 affected her seaworthiness. This concluded the evidence, and the representatives of the parties interested then addressed the Commission. Mr. Toombs said that while the ship might have been thoroughly seaworthy for certain trades, he thought she was not adapted for the trade she was in at this time of the year. He thought that the vessel should have had a wireless license, ensuring that the operator should be on duty at certain hours to pick up messages. From a deck officer's point of view the vessel was undermanned. It was a practice in the trade to carry 50 per cent. more officers than allowed for under the Navigation Act, and this particular vessel was actually carrying less than was provided for under the Act. They would not have done that had she not been a King's ship. In reply to Judge Cohen, Mr. Toombs said that the number of officers would allow only one side of the ship to be worked with the life-saving appliances in case of disaster. He considered it called for a recommendation from the commission that King's ships should not be allowed to evade the regulations or the common practice of the trade they were engaged in. For the reason that she was a King's ship she also escaped the Seamen's Compensation Act, and he considered something should be done in similar cases to protect the interests of the crew and their dependents. Dr. Brissenden submitted that it had been amply proved that the vessel was thoroughly seaworthy at the time of her departure, and that no pains nor expense had been spared to make her so. He contended that in a sea such as was raging at the time of the wreck the slightest mishap to the vessel might have led to disaster. Whatever the cause of the wreck, he submitted that it was only an inevitable accident of the sea, and due to no lack of care on the part of those responsible for the vessel. In her ordinary trade the vessel had carried only two officers, and he submitted that that had nothing to do with the disaster. The Court was exempt from considering the question of the Act, because the vessel did not come under the Act. Regarding the evidence of Mr Willis, he said that boiled down to the fact that he had reported that the ship was seaworthy, but unsafe for deck passengers. The whole necessity for the commission had grown out of the story that the ship was unseaworthy, because she sank at her moorings at Rabaul. The Commission adjourned until 10 a.m. on Monday.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16083664 LOSS OF SUMATRA. ROYAL COMMISSION. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 28 July 1923 25 April 2020 16 Trove Crawford, on a visit to Brisbane, calibrates the WIA Qld broadcast station 4AE WIRELESS INSTITUTE. CALIBRATING THE RADIO-PHONE. A council meeting of the Queensland Wireless Institute was held on Friday night, Mr. Monkhouse presiding. After the general business the broadcasting committee furnished their report. Radio Inspector Crawford (Commonwealth) visited the station on Tuesday evening and calibrated the radiophone, which was found to have a wave length of 662 metres. This has to be reduced to 250 metres. On Tuesday evening next the broadcast will only be for about 30 minutes, from 8.0 to 8.30 p.m., which will allow amateurs to calibrate their sets to a definite wave length . . . i.e., 662. Further notice will be given when alterations have been completed. Drawing for a new receiving set and wave meter were passed by the council, the construction to be proceeded with immediately. All amateur transmissions in the future will be wave lengths of 100 to 250 metres.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218212224 WIRELESS INSTITUTE The Daily Mail Queensland, Australia 29 July 1923 13 April 2020 8 Trove Royal Commission on SS Sumatra concludes its hearings LOST SUMATRA. EVIDENCE CONCLUDED. The final sitting of the Royal Commission which has been inquiring into the loss of the steamer Sumatra off the north coast in the big storm last month was held yesterday. The commission consists of Judge Cohen and Captains Vine Hall and Chudleigh. The evidence taken was of a formal nature. Captain Williams, deputy director the Commonwealth Navigation Service, was called to identify the signature of Captain Richardson, a former master of the Sumatra, who had submitted to the tribunal a letter dealing with the seaworthiness of the vessel. Some argument was heard as to the obligation of the ship to secure a wireless license. In reply to a question from Judge Cohen, Captain Williams said that as far as he was aware the safety of the ship was not affected by not having been granted a license. Mr. Evans, who appeared in place of Dr. Brissenden, said the only effect of the non-licensing of the wireless was that the operator kept the hours the master of the ship ordered, and not those prescribed in the Government regulations. Captain Toombs said that if the ship were unlicensed she would have no call letter, and could not be called up if she were wanted. Evidence was given that the wireless apparatus carried by the Sumatra was in excellent order, and was capable of transmitting 500 miles by day and considerably further by night. The commission will now prepare its report.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16084248 LOST SUMATRA. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 31 July 1923 25 April 2020 9 Trove 1923 08 The Royal Commission on the loss of the Sumatra reports briefly and quickly SUMATRA. SEAWORTHY CONDITION. COMMISSION'S FINDING. MELBOURNE, Friday. The report of the Royal Commission appointed recently to inquire into the loss of the vessel off the New South Wales coast in the latter days of June was presented to the Federal Parliament today. The report states that after careful consideration of the evidence of the thorough and costly repairs effected in 1917, 1918, 1920, 1922, and 1923, under competent supervision and without restriction as to expense, and the opinions expressed by marine engineers and surveyors and other responsible persons engaged in carrying out such repairs, the Commissioners came to the conclusion that the Sumatra was in a seaworthy condition when she left Sydney on June 25 last.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16085475 SUMATRA. SEAWORTHY CONDITION. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 4 August 1923 25 April 2020 12 Trove Robinson (then 2RN) reports on the new Wireless Regulations and reports glowingly on the relationship between the NSW amateurs and the radio inspector Crawford WIRELESS. BROADCASTING REGULATIONS. HOW THE AMATEUR STANDS. (BY 2 R. N.) The regulations governing broadcasting in Australia which were drafted at a conference held in Melbourne some little time ago have now been approved of by the Government, and have become law. Those who are interested in wireless telegraphy and telephony, and also many who know but little of the science, are now asking when a start will be made with the actual broadcasting of speech and music, and just what the procedure and charges will be. In order to fully understand the position, the whole question of broadcasting must be grasped. As most people are aware, broadcasting originated in America, where commercial radio companies found that it paid them to provide entertainments by wireless, the public interest in the science which resulted from this transmission benefiting them in the shape of an increased sale of instruments. In England one company was formed, consisting of all radio dealers, and was financed partly by royalties on the sale of receivers, and partly by fees paid by license holders. From the point of view of a variety of entertainment, the American system was doubtless the best, but in this fact lay its main drawback. So great was the variety that within a very short space of time chaos ruled supreme in the ether, and it has taken months and months of work on the part of those in charge to do away with some of this discord. The English system also has its drawbacks, the revenue which was produced being found to be very much lower than was needed. Australia's position, both geographically and in regard to population, has prevented either the American or English system of broadcasting being employed. The number of persons likely to be interested in wireless reception in Australia is so small that it has been considered highly improbable that it would pay any company to transmit and look to increased sales and the profits which would result from bigger business to cover the cost of the station. Australia's area is so great that a large company would not be able to raise the revenue to maintain stations which would allow everybody within the Commonwealth to hear the concerts. The difficulty in regard to broadcasting prevented any definite action being taken in Australia for some time, but during May last a conference of those interested was called by the Postmaster-General and discussed the matter. The suggestions which were put forward by this conference were adopted with a few modifications, and have now become law. Details regarding them have been made public, and it will be remembered that they provide for the competitive broadcasting of entertainments. Certain wave lengths will be allotted to persons who wish to broadcast in a commercial manner, and all transmission will take place on these wave lengths. The person who wishes to receive a broadcast entertainment will determine which service he will patronise, and will then buy a receiver so constructed as to receive on the wave length used by that company only. If he desires to construct his own receiver he may do so, but he must satisfy the authorities that it will receive on one wave length only, and will not cover a wide field of wave lengths. The charge by the Government will be 10/ per annum for a license, and the charge by the company will be a matter to be decided by the company itself. Thus broadcasting will become a ser-vice rendered by a company, which may be subscribed to by any person who may desire to receive it. If various entertainments are being transmitted nightly any citizen who wishes to entertain his family will, by making inquiries, find just which sort of entertainment will suit him best, and will then negotiate with the company, paying them for their service and paying the nominal fee to the Government. It will not be compulsory for any charge to be made by the companies. For instance, if radio dealers decide that they can form a company to broadcast, and that they will derive sufficient financial benefit from transmission by the sale of sets, there is nothing in the regulations to prevent them making the service a free one. If such were done, however, only those who bought receivers suitable for that service would be able to listen in. While broadcasting on an established and commercial basis has been noticeably absent from everyday life in Australia the transmission of speech and music has not been neglected, but has been carried on by amateurs. Many experimenters in various parts of the Commonwealth own transmitting stations and for months past have been treating their fellow-experimenters to wireless entertainments. While the broadcasting regulations were being discussed it was thought by many experimenters that this transmission would be stopped by the authorities. Such a course, it was claimed, would not have been a fair one to adopt, and the authorities have viewed the matter from the generally accepted amateur standpoint as far as this aspect is concerned. Experimenters who were addressed by Mr. Malone, chief manager for wireless and telegraphs, some time ago, were more than delighted to hear him announce that the Government would not interfere with this transmission, and that when broadcasting was in full swing amateurs holding transmitting licenses would be free to entertain their fellow amateurs with speech and music. Such transmission cannot harm the broadcasting companies because the wave lengths allotted to amateurs will not be the same as those allotted to broadcasting and consequently the broadcast license and receiver owners will not be able to listen-in to the amateur music. The amateurs generally are more than pleased with the manner in which the Federal authorities have safeguarded their interests. In the past any person who applied for a license was granted an experimental license. Now, however, no experimental license will be granted until the applicant can prove that he is a genuine experimenter and can indicate the lines along which he desires to conduct his experiments. The genuine experimenter's interests are not confined to speech and music, but he wishes to touch every branch of the science. The view is held that this class of wireless enthusiast is so valuable an asset to the country that it would be wrong to curtail his activities, providing, of course, that he does not interfere with the operations of any of the already established wireless conveniences of the Commonwealth. It will be readily seen that it is necessary that a strict control be placed on the issue of experimental licenses in the future be-cause the amateur's license will give him freedom to work on all wave lengths. If these licenses were issued indiscriminately many persons who are not interested in wireless from a scientific point of view, but who merely wish to hear music, would secure licenses under the guise of experimenters, and would use them simply to listen to the broadcast services without the payments of the necessary broadcast fees. The possession of an experimental license will, in the future, be a matter for pride. Such a license will not be issued without full inquiries, and the holder of one will have the full right to "listen-in" on any wave length. Of course amateurs will be able to listen to the broad-cast services, but this can hardly be avoided. It may be safely said, however, that the great majority of amateurs have no desire whatever to poach on broadcast services. The holder of an experimental license will be a man regarding whom careful inquiries have been made, and his interest in the science will be so great as to prevent there being any possibility of his merely desiring to listen to a service without paying for it. The harmonious relations which have lately existed between the amateurs and the authorities have done much to make the gazetting of new regulations possible. Those controlling wireless have taken the amateurs into their confidence, and have made experimen-ters feel that the Government wishes to look after their interests. Mr. Malone's reception at a recent meeting of experimenters proved that such was the case. In New South Wales the State radio inspector (Mr, Craw-ford) and the assistant inspector (Mr. Armstrong) have at all times assisted the experimenters, and in return have been granted their assistance. During the past few months there has been much anxiety in the ranks of the amateurs re-garding their probable position with the advent of broadcasting, but Mr. Malone's remarks when defining the regulations have set at ease any misgivings which were previously held. It is safe to state that the amateurs of New South Wales are fully satisfied with the manner in which the Government has treated them.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16088105 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 17 August 1923 25 April 2020 12 Trove Crawford delegates 2CM Maclurcan, as honorary radio inspector, to calibrate amateur broadcast frequencies to minimise interference THE MAGIC SPARK. RADIO NOTES & NEWS. Checking Wavelengths. BV DOT DASH. A certain amount of confusion and interference between experimental transmitting stations has occurred recently, mainly due to the fact that many station owners either make a guess at their wavelength or measure it inaccurately. It is very desirable that all wavelengths should be checked and the checking done on wavemeter only, so that, even if this meter has an error, all stations would be in the same relation to each other and there would be much less chance of one station heterodyning another station. This checking of wavelengths is, of course, a job for the radio inspector, but as the departmental station is not yet available, Mr. Malone has arranged for Mr. Maclurcan to undertake this work till Mr. Crawford's station is ready. Mr. Maclurcan's Heterodyne wavemeter has been calibrated from Mr. Crawford's standard instrument and can be taken as accurate within one per cent. All wavelengths will be measured at the receiving station 2CM, and any licensee requiring his transmitted wavelength to be measured need only call up 2CM by radio or land 'phone and make arrangements with Mr Maclurcan for the checking. Should it be found that two or more stations on the same wavelength are close enough to interfere or heterodyne each other, Mr. Maclurcan will explain the matter to the radio inspector, who will arrange for slight alterations to be made within a metre or two so as to rectify the trouble. If any experimenter is interfered with in this way he is requested to notify Mr. Maclurcan. Mr. Malone is anxious to see all licensees avail themselves of this opportunity, and trusts cordial co-operation will be given.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119172946 THE MAGIC SPARK Evening News New South Wales, Australia 18 August 1923 26 April 2020 7 Trove John William Robinson (@RN) expounds on the nature of regeneration and how the new regulations (to be regulated by Crawford) are designed to curtail howling WIRELESS. A NEW VALVE REGULATION. REGENERATIVE CIRCUITS PROHIBITED. (BY 2 R.N.) An important ruling regarding the use of certain forms of apparatus by wireless experimenters has been given by the Federal authorities, and promises to have far-reaching effects on amateur wireless operations in Australia. This ruling is to the effect that in future, the use of any circuit which directly energises the aerial is prohibited within a radius of 20 miles of any commercial, defence, or broadcasting station, and is also prohibited in any town, the population of which exceeds one thousand people, or within a radius of 20 miles of such town or city. Receivers employing valves which do not react upon the aerial may be used without the owner of the station providing any proof of his ability to receive morse signals at a speed of 12 words per minute. Exceptions may be made to the rule, but in any case where permission is applied for to use a circuit to react on the aerial, special reasons must be given and the applicant must definitely prove that he possesses practically the qualifications of a second-class commercial operator before permission will be granted. In order to fully grasp the meaning of this regulation the position with regard to the use of wireless receivers must be understood. At the present time, reception of wireless signals is made possible by the use of many types of detectors, but the two sorts in most general use comprise the simple crystal detector and the thermionic valve detector. The crystal detector works on a very simple plan, and cannot cause any interference beween stations. When oscillations are induced in a receiving aerial by a wave or waves emitted from a transmitting station, they are "tuned" by portion of the apparatus, and are then passed through the crystal detector. The crystal possesses the peculiar property of allowing the oscillations to pass in one direction, but not to return. Thus, when an oscillating current, which, as the name implies, is rapidly oscillating or changing the direction of its flow, passes through a crystal it is rectified. It will be seen, therefore, that it is really converted into a unidirectional current, and when this current is passed through the telephone receivers it acts on them and causes an audible sound. The valve receiver is, however, very much more complicated. In modern valves an electronic current flows in a vacuum tube. One of the elements in the tube is connected to a battery, which in turn is joined to the telephones. The vacuum tube contains a filament, which is heated to brilliancy, and the current flows through the vacuum in the tube. A third electrode known as a grid is inserted, and to this grid are led the incoming oscillations, via, of course, the tuning apparatus. In actual practice many complicated instruments are used in connection with the valve, but it may be said that briefly what happens is that the incoming oscillations acting on the grid interfere with the current flowing in the vacuum tube, and thus interfere with the current which flows from the external battery connected to the plate of the valve. This interference with the current flow results in audible signals in the telephones. Wireless signals are despatched in three broad ways. They are transmitted in some cases by the spark method in symbols of the Morse code, and when this is done the waves emitted are said to be "damped." In other words, their height gradually diminishes as they move outwards at a rapid speed from the transmitting station. Damped waves may be received on either a crystal or a valve. When speech and music are transmitted from a station the sound waves are transformed into electrical currents, and are superimposed on continuous waves, which are created by an arrangement of apparatus, and which are "undamped," or, in other words, which maintain their height or amplitude. The third method consists of the despatch of Morse signals by the use of this type of wave. Instead of the voice being impinged on the wave the waves themselves are varied, as dots or dashes, in the form of the code symbols., Speech and music may be likened to spark signals, inasmuch as they can be received on a crystal detector. When, however, it is desired to receive continuous wave code signals a more complicated method must be used. The waves being constant in height, will not make any appreciable difference in the telephone receiver if a crystal is used, or if a valve is insorted in the receiving circuit in much the same way as a crystal is inserted. It is necessary, then, to make some arrangement of the instruments, and use them in such a way that the continuous wave signals may be interrupted. The thermionic valve is used for this purpose. It is possible to create continuous waves by means of a valve by simply causing the current in it to oscillate rapidly. In this fact lies the secret of the reception of continuous wave telegraphy. In receiving such wireless messages the valve is made to oscillate, and thus local oscillatory currents are produced in the receiver. These local oscillations are made to interfere with the incoming oscillations, and from the resultant difference in frequency of oscillation the true note of the sending station is collected. A special coil is generally inserted in the plate circuit of the valve, and is termed the reaction coil. In this coil the local oscillations are produced, and it is so arranged that it can be varied in position in regard to the other tuning coils, and thus the amount of reaction used can be regulated. If this method of the use of valves is borne in mind, it will readily be seen how a valve can cause interference. If, for instance, the local oscillations are produced too strongly, they will react on the aerial to such an extent that reradiation will result, and nearby stations will hear the "howl" of the receiving valve which is being badly handled. Even an expert operator, in receiving continuous wave telegraphy, must cause his valve to oscillate slightly, and must to a certain extent cause interference. With the rapid advance of wireless, many amateurs have been using thermionic valves for reception, and of late a good deal of interference has resulted. The authorities in the past have attempted to prevent this by requiring all users of valves to produce evidence to the effect that they can receive Morse code at a speed of 12 words per minute. It has been considered that an amateur possessing this qualification firstly has had a certain amount of experience, and, secondly, that he would be able to read a message from a commercial station asking him to cease operations if interference became too strong. However, in spite of this regulation, much interference has resulted. Now that broadcasting regulations have been framed it is only natural that the new regulation prohibiting the use of circuits which react on the aerial should have been issued. The broadcast receivers will be constructed so as not to cause interference, and it is only fair that those who subscribe to broadcasting services should be protected from interference by badly handled experimental valves. The use of reaction is not altogether banned by the authorities. Although in most cases the reaction coil is coupled so as to directly excite the aerial, it is quite possible to secure the effects of reaction without interfering with the aerial circuit to any great extent. One method of achieving reaction without reradiation in the aerial consists of placing the reaction coil in some internal position in the receiver so that instead of reacting on the aerial itself it will react on the actual oscillations which have been induced, but which have been led or passed to another portion of the set. This may be done by placing the reaction coil in close proximity to one of the transformers, which are used where amplification of the signals at a radio frequency or time period is used. The new rule does, however, seriously affect the amateurs who have been using one valve, and who have, with that valve, used the reaction or regenerative method of reception. They in future will be compelled to either make their circuits non-regenerative, or to add another valve as an amplifier with the reaction coil acting on the internal portion of the set itself. The State radio inspector has received information from Melbourne asking him to give effect to the regulations, and the honorary radio inspectors, who were appointed some little time ago from the ranks of the experimenters, have also been asked to see that amateurs arrange their apparatus in accordance with the new ruling. Most experimenters endorse the action of the authorities in framing the regulation. The genuine amateur will experience very little difficulty in rearranging his station, because he will simply have to alter the position of one of his tuning coils — not a difficult feat for an experimenter. If the rule is strictly administered it should do away with a good deal of discord which at present exists in the ether, while at the same time it will not in any manner impair the efficiency of amateur receivers. The matter has already been discussed by a number of the leading experimenters of this State, and the view which has been expressed by most of them is to the effect that the authorities have framed a rule which will be of much assistance to the amateurs themselves. While comparatively few experimenters are at all interested in broadcasting, the vast majority of them are highly desirous of doing their utmost to see that the broadcasting companies are accorded every assistance in the carrying out of their transmission. The experimenters, while wishing to carry out their own tests in an uninterrupted manner, realise that a grave injustice would be done to those commercially interested in broadcasting were the use of regenerative receivers generally permitted.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16089827 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 25 August 1923 1 May 2020 19 Trove 1923 09 2DS Jack Davis announced as the winner of the NSW-NZ Test, Crawford to present prizes THE MAGIC SPARK. RADIO NOTES & NEWS. . . . A TEST CHAMPION. There is considerable speculation among amateur radio men as to the results of the recent N.S.W.-New Zealand Wireless Tests. Though the committee of the Metropolitan Radio Club under whose auspices the tests were conducted, has made no declaration. It is learned that young Jack Davis (2DS) has romped home an easy winner. Jack is the youngest experimenter to hold a Government transmitting license, and his station at Vaucluse is one of the most efficient of amateur stations in Australia. The second and third prizewinners in the test have, it is understood, not yet been selected. Many of the competitors sent in very complete logs, and the committee is having no easy task to select the best. The prizewinners will be officially announced at a social to be held at Miss Bishop's, Queen Victoria Buildings, City, on Monday, September 10. The State Radio Inspector, Mr. Crawford, will be there to present the prizes. THE ORGANISER. The work of organising a wireless test is, to say the least, hard. Everything must be tuned down to the minute, and competitors, as in everything else, have to be carefully watched and prompted. However, the N.S.W.-New Zealand tests went with a swing that is most unsual with these things and this was in large measure due to the organising secretary. Mr. D. McIntyre. He resided in New Zealand before coming to this State, and was able to use his knowledge of the Dominion to advantage in organising the amateurs there.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119183902 THE MAGIC SPARK Evening News New South Wales, Australia 1 September 1923 26 April 2020 7 Trove Crawford attends Metropolitan Radio Club function and presents prizes to winners in the NSW-NZ test THE MAGIC SPARK. AMATEUR RADIO NOTES. BY DOT DASH. . . . METRO CLUB'S SOCIAL. The social evening of the Metropolitan Radio Club, on Monday, was a big success. There were about 120 amateurs and friends present, including Mr. Crawford, State Radio Inspector, and Mr. C. Maclurcan. During the evening the former presented the prizes won in the recent N.S.W.-New Zealand tests, the successful competitors being Mr. Jack Davis (first) and Mr. C. W. Slade (second). During the ceremony Mr. Crawford uttered a warning to those who allowed their valves to "howl." He said, in effect, that if they did not stop the nuisance the authorities would have to take steps to do so. Messrs. R. C. Marsden, president of the club, Maclurcan, Perry and Mann also spoke. The music for the evening was supplied by the Leichhardt and District Radio Club Band, and Mr. Prince gave an exhibition of conjuring.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119180540 THE MAGIC SPARK Evening News New South Wales, Australia 15 September 1923 26 April 2020 7 Trove As previous SPARKS FROM RADIOLAND. BOY SPEAKS TO NEW ZEALAND. QUESTION OF FREE BROADCASTING. Howling Valve Nuisance. The achievement of a young lad, Jack Davis, of Vaucluse, in speaking to New Zealand, and also in receiving New Zealand's signals, while using only as much power as would suffice to light the tail-lamp of a motor car, earned for him the first prize for a test recently organised by the Metropolitan Radio Club. The prizes were awarded at a wireless function during the week, at which Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, State Radio Inspector, paid an eloquent tribute to the work of the first and second prize-winners. N.S. Wales — New Zealand Test The remarkable success achieved by Jack Davis, a 15-year-old youngster from Vaucluse, in the recent N.S.W.-N.Z. radio test, indicates the possibilities of long-distance radio telegraphy on low power. Young Davis transmitted C.W. signals to New Zealand — an airline distance of approximately 1000 miles — using only .8 of a watt. This power is just about sufficient to light the tail-lamp of a motor car. The prizes to the two successful competitors in the test were presented, at a largely attended social gathering in Sydney, on Monday evening last. The presentation was made by Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, State Radio Inspector, who paid a glowing tribute to the performances of the first and second prize winners, Master Davis and Mr. Slade. Mr. Slade's log was only slightly less efficient than that of young Davis, who, in addition to his excellent low-power transmission feat, also received N. Zealand signals on 14 out of the 15 nights during which the test was proceeding. The Metropolitan Radio Club, which is about the third oldest wireless club in N.S.W., organised the test, and deserves every credit for its practical efforts to further radio experimental work in Australia. Howling Valves. Interference caused by howling valves is a complaint common to every State in Australia, and, probably, in the world, where radio experimenting is carried out. It is due mainly to lack of care and experience in the operation of valve receivers. Inspector Crawford had a tilt at those responsible for the trouble, when speaking at a social function in Sydney a few nights ago. "Every radio experimenter should make up his mind to put down the howling valve trouble," said Mr. Crawford. "If something is not done within the next six months, the position will be serious. For the general good of the radio movement, I hope experimenters and the Press will combine in an effort to stamp out the trouble." It is to be hoped Mr. Crawford's words will not be lost on those experimenters who are so careless, or inexperienced, in the handling of their valves, as to cause the trouble referred to. The authorities have been generous towards experimenters in Australia, and it would indeed be a pity if the inexcusable actions of a few were to prejudice their freedom.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120535120 SPARKS FROM RADIOLAND Sunday Times New South Wales, Australia 16 September 1923 13 April 2020 4 Trove Crawford demonstrates the procedure for sealing sets under the Wireless Regulations 1923 WIRELESS. The Broadcasting Position. SEALING OF RECEIVERS. The statement made by the Federal authorities to the effect that a method had been found of sealing receivers suitable for use in connection with broadcasting arrangements, should now leave the way clear for definite movement towards the inauguration of broadcast services in Australia. It will be remembered that when the question of broadcasting was first considered, a conference of those interested was called by the Postmaster-General, under whose control wireless in Australia is placed. This conference was attended by representatives of interests concerned, was presided over by Mr. George A. Taylor, and after considerable discussion, adopted a set of rules which it was considered would enable broadcasting to be established in the Commonwealth. Briefly these rules provided for the allotment of certain wave lengths to companies wishing to broadcast, and the sale of receivers sealed so as to respond only to the wave length of the service for which they were designed. Thus, if a company or firm decided to broadcast, it would, after being approved of by the Government, and furnishing a guarantee of continuity of service for a period of five years, be allotted a wave length on which to transmit its programmes. It is generally known, even by those with very little or no technical knowledge that all wireless transmission is effected on electromagnetic waves. The length of these waves can be varied by adjusting certain portions of the transmitter, and a message will be audible in a receiver only if that receiver is adjusted so that its electrical properties coincide with the electrical properties of the apparatus at the sending station. Any company which decides to transmit broadcast programmes does so on the wave length allotted by the Government and sells receivers which are "tuned" or adjusted to respond to that wave length, and then sealed so that no other programme may be "tuned-in." The company may then charge fees for its programmes. Broadcasting under these regulations becomes therefore a matter for the providing of a service in a commercial manner. Several applications have already been made, and in some cases stations are working. Some companies have decided to charge no fees, looking to the profits on the sale of apparatus to furnish them with revenue; others have notified that they will make a charge. In order to gain revenue to maintain their programmes. Some difficulty has been experienced in regard to the sealing of the receivers. To the uninitiated there seems to be no difficulty in achieving such an object, but to the experienced wireless man it is difficult to effect such a feat. For many months past no finality has been reached, but at last week's demonstration in Melbourne, the chief manager of wireless and telegraphs, Mr. J. Malone, was able to test and seal receivers in accordance with the regulations. Prior to this decision being made manufacturers' operations were greatly hampered and radio dealers were not in a position to meet any demands on the part of the public. The announcement has, however, cleared away a grave obstacle, and those commercially interested are now free to go ahead with their schemes. A demonstration of the method adopted in sealing sets will be given in Sydney on Thursday at the office of the radio inspector (Mr. Crawford), Macdonell House. The aerial of the big Sydney broadcasting station, which is being constructed at Northbridge, was erected yesterday, and should be complete by the end of the week. The towers supporting the wires are 200 feet high, and the power of the plant will be 5 kilowatts. Mr. E. T. Fisk (managing director of Amalgamated Wireless) stated yesterday that it will be the largest broadcast station in the world, the British stations being 1½ kilowatt only. Its normal range, he added, will be 500 miles, covering the whole of New South Wales and part of Victoria, although actually the speech and music transmitted from it will be received over longer distances, and may possibly be heard across the Pacific. The whole of the material employed has been made at the Amalgamated Wireless factories. Two other stations are now being erected in Sydney, and one each in Perth, Adelaide, and Brisbane.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16107433 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 27 November 1923 26 April 2020 10 Trove 1923 12 Crawford included in photos of the 3 most important people in NSW wireless administration at the time (Start Photo Captions) J. MALONE, M.I.R.E., Etc., Chief Manager for Wireless in Australia. W. T. S. CRAWFORD, Federal Wireless Representative in N.S.W. F. BASIL COOKE, F.R.A.S., Vice-President of the Wireless Institute. (End Photo Captions)http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article109763329 No title Construction And Local Government Journal New South Wales, Australia 5 December 1923 13 April 2020 14 Trove Crawford issues a special licence to L. R. Stephens for the purpose of testing a receiver in a motor vehicle, identifies showdowing due to high buildings and enhancement due to overhead trolley wires WIRELESS ON A MOTOR CAR. Achievement of Mr. L. R. Stephens (ILLUSTRATION ON THIS PAGE.) To Mr. L. R. Stephens, of 26 Cammeray Avenue, North Sydney, one of our most enterprising and successful radio devotees, must be given the palm for being the first — as far as is known — to carry out tests with an experimental set affixed to a motor car. For his experiments Mr. Stephens has been given a temporary permit by Mr. W. Crawford, State Radio Inspector. The station is 2IW, and the circuit used S.T. 76 (three valve), reflex. The aerial is a two-feet loop. Here are the noted results of the first try-out made, of course, at night time: "Received 2.G.R., C.W. and 'phone from Suspension Bridge, North Sydney; strength fair. Altered taps on loop in punt, and heard 2.G.R. (last item, closing down); strength excellent. Plenty of amateur C.W. and all the howling valves in the Commonwealth. If I missed any — they weren't howling. Stopped in Phillip-street to find correct adjustment for 350 metres, and got them! Drove all around the city and near suburbs and listened in while running. No general decrease in signal strength was noticed, but a few very marked spots were struck where signals faded when passing between tall buildings. A very noticeable phenomenon was the marked increase in signal strength when passing under the overhead trolley wires. At all other times loud speaker results were obtained, using a single Telefunken receiver without a mouthpiece or horn of any description. The only noticeable difference between receiving when running and whilst stationary was slight induction from the magneto of the car." Mr. Stephens' set is completely homemade, including the cutting condenser plates and winding honeycomb coils from 25 to 1000 turns. The car used was a Dodge standard, kindly lent for the tests by Mr. G. Bolt, of Neutral Bay.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article120539238 WIRELESS ON A MOTOR CAR Sunday Times New South Wales, Australia 9 December 1923 13 April 2020 13 Trove George Augustine Taylor in his journal, dismisses L. R. Stephens claim as being the first with wireless in a motor car In the Sydney "Sunday Times" of the 9th instant it is stated that Mr. L. R. Stephens, of North Sydney, was the first to carry out tests with an experimental wireless set fixed to a motor car. He is not the first by a long period, as Mr. J. I. Carroll, of New System Telephones Pty. Ltd., has had his motor car fitted with an experimental set and has been receiving messages with it for over four months past. It is a pity that enquiries are not made before the insertion of such paragraphs, as historical data in wireless development is of particular value just at present, and Mr. Carroll's success is well known throughout wireless circles.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article109763371 THE LAW Construction And Local Government Journal New South Wales, Australia 12 December 1923 26 April 2020 7 Trove A reader is directed to Crawford for details on how to obtain an experimenter's licence WIRELESS EXPERIMENTERS' LICENSES. "Wireless," writes from Forbes, asking the qualifications necessary to obtain a wireless experimenter's license, and the fees that are demanded. The fees are 10/ per annum for a receiving license, and 25/ for a receiving and transmuting license; but any applicant for a license must prove to the inspector that he intends to carry out experiments on definite lines towards a stated object. Mere "listening-in" is not sufficient. Mr. Crawford, the radio inspector, will inform applicants as to the qualifications that are necessary to obtain an experimenter's license. His address is Macdonell House, Pitt Street, Sydney.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article246001946 WIRELESS The Daily Telegraph New South Wales, Australia 31 December 1923 26 April 2020 2 Trove 1924 1924 01 Early report of electrocution of Frank Moore, Crawford will appear at Inquest ELECTROCUTED. Man Killed at Haberfield. TRAGIC WIRELESS EXPERIMENT. Wife's Plucky Action. Grasping a live electric wire in his hand at his home at Haberfield yesterday, Francis Leonard Moore, aged 29, received a terrible shock, and died a few minutes later. It was a tragic ending to a wireless experiment. His wife, at great risk of being electrocuted herself, pulled her husband from the wire. Her plucky action, however, was of no avail. The power of the current can be gauged from the fact that the fingers of Moore's hands were burnt to the bone in the minute or so he had hold of the wire. HORRIFIED WITNESSES. Mrs. Moore and her daughter Neda, who is only 8 years of age, were both horrified witnesses of the tragedy. Moore, who was employed at the Haberfield Picture Theatre as cinema operator, lived in Dalhousie Street, Haberfield. He had a radio outfit installed in a room set aside for the purpose, and was engaged in an experiment of some sort at about 3 o'clock, when he received the fatal current. His little girl always assisted him in his wireless work, and yesterday his wife also happened to be in the room. He said to his wife: "You stay in here until I am finished. You never know when I might fall across this thing. Little did he realise, however, how true his words would prove. Moore was working under a table at the time, on which the plant is fitted, and he told his daughter to switch on the current. BURNING FLESH. The moment she had done so Mrs. Moore heard her husband cry out, and, writhing in agony, he fell back on his side. His hands were tightly clutching one of the wires, and she could see the flesh burning. Displaying wonderful presence of mind, Mrs. Moore grabbed a coat, and, wrapping it around her hands, pulled her husband away from the wires. He was unconscious, and Dr. Daley, of Haberfield, and Dr. Taylor, of Five Dock, found him to be dead when they arrived. Exactly what caused the fatality is hard to say but evidently Moore's hand came in contact with an electric light wire. With a receiving plant only a local battery is needed, and there is no danger, but with a transmitting outfit current from the main is sometimes used, and Moore perhaps was engaged in building up the voltage when he was electrocuted. He was by no means an amateur at wireless work. For many years he had been conducting experiments, and had recently been engaged in transmitting tests. The electricity supplied by the mains is of 240 volts, but by the use of a transformer up to 1000 volts can be obtained, and Moore possibly might have received this current.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245903866 ELECTROCUTED The Daily Telegraph New South Wales, Australia 22 January 1924 26 April 2020 7 Trove As previous WIRELESS TRAGEDY. "Making Adjustment." EXPERIMENTER'S DEATH. "If Moore had switched on the current himself the fatality would not have occurred," said an electrician and wireless experimenter today, referring to the electrocution of Francis Leonard Moore at his home at Haberfield while conducting a wireless experiment. "This, I think, is what happened: Moore asked his little daughter to switch on the current. While she went away to do so he noticed something that required adjustment, and was just fixing it when the current was turned on. Perhaps he thought he would have had time to do what was necessary before the little girl arrived at the switch." According to electricians, 200 milliampres, or point 2 of an ampere, is sufficient, under pressure, to kill a man. The electricity supplied by the mains from which Moore got his current is of 240 volts, but by the use of a transformer up to 1000 volts can be obtained. A wireless experimenter who was spoken to today said that at his home he can get up to 1000 volts by the use of transformers, each showing 6.5 amperes, or 13 amperes altogether. As point 2 of an ampere is sufficient to cause death, it is easy, he said, to see what happened to Moore. It is pointed out that with an ordinary receiving set there is absolutely no danger, as the voltage would be not more than 80 it varies from 40 to 80. "Moore was a great experimenter — an enthusiast," said one of the police who went to the scene of the tragedy yesterday. WIRES EVERYWHERE "The room where the body lay," he said, "was full of wires. There must have been 40 wires altogether. Wires led from everywhere. They looked like twine, and many of them appeared to me to be uncovered. Moore was working under a table when the fatality occurred. There were wires from one table to another, down the sides, and underneath. It is easy to imagine how Moore met his death. He came in contact with the wires after the current was turned on. It would have been hard to keep away from the wires — they met you everywhere. I hadn't seen so many wires before and although the current was turned off when the police arrived, they couldn't be blamed for exercising care, because it was difficult to dodge the wires."http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224579219 WIRELESS TRAGEDY The Sun New South Wales, Australia 22 January 1924 26 April 2020 6 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove 1924 02 Crawford gives evidence at the inquest into death of Frank Moore "SEARED & BURNT." DEAD MAN'S HANDS. Wireless Tragedy. Accidental death was the verdict of the Parramatta District Coroner (Mr. H. Richardson Clark), in the case of Francis Leonard Moore, 29, who was electrocuted while experimenting with a wireless set in his home at Haberfield on January 21. Mrs. Barbara Moore widow of the deceased, told a tragic story of the happening, of which she, with her 8 year-old daughter Neda was a witness. She said that her husband was testing a wireless set, which his firm, the United Distributing Co., was preparing for the Government. His little daughter was working the switches for him. Witness came into the room about 3 o'clock to remind her husband that he had an appointment with a dentist. "All right," he replied. "I Just want to finish this, but you stay here with me until I am finished, as you never know when I might fall across these wires." She sat down on a chair alongside him, and he stooped down to do something under the table with his pliers. BURNING FLESH. "Suddenly," witness continued, "he said, "Oh!" and rolled over on to his left side. I could see one hand clutching a live wire. The hand was burning as if on fire." Witness added she rushed into the hall, and, grabbing a coat, rushed back again, and pulled her husband off the wires. He was muttering inarticulately. Dr. Daley, of Haberfield, said that, when he examined deceased, he found his right thumb and index finger seared and burnt to the bone. He also had burns on his chest, and on his left finger and thumb. William Crawford, radio-inspector of the wireless branch of the P.M.G.'s Department, said that Moore had had considerable experience in electrical work. "It was not necessary," he added, "to use high voltage to test the set. A dry cell would have done." In a report submitted to his department, and produced in Court, witness said: "I can only assume that he, while holding the earthed wire, caught hold of one or the 600 volt wires."http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119193938 "SEARED & BURNT" Evening News New South Wales, Australia 1 February 1924 26 April 2020 8 Trove Funeral notice and obituary for Frank Moore (Crawford gave evidence at Inquest) The Late Frank Moore. The funeral of the late Francis Leonard Moore, aged 30 years, who was accidentally electrocuted at his home, 84 Dalhousie-street, Haberfield, took place in the Church of England portion of the Rookwood cemetery. The burial service, with address, was conducted by the Rev. W. Newmarch, of St. Oswald's C.E., Haberfield. The chief mourners were Messrs. T. J. White (stepfather), A. Veitch (father-in-law), F. W. Drew, Leon and Will Moore (uncles), W. Paton and H. Judd (brothers-in-law), Frank G. Moore (brother), was unable to be present, owing to his absence in Perth, W.A. Letters and telegrams of sympathy were received from almost every centre in Australia, to which wireless has penetrated. Among the floral tributes were those sent by The Wireless lnstitute (in the form of a radio station about 3ft in height), Director of Amateur Wireless of New Zealand, his brother wireless experimenters. the association for developing of wireless in Australia, New Zealand and Fiji, the 10 Matters Club and other amateur experimenters, J. S. Marks, 2 G.R., President, the United Distributing Co.'s office staff, the United Distributing Co.'s Radio Factory, the Leichhardt and District Radio Society, the Five Dock Theatre Co., the staff of Haberfield Theatre, J. Patience, Haberfield Model Pictures, Radio House, 619 George-st., C. V. Stevenson, Donald Anderson, Paling and Co., Ltd. Francis Leonard Moore (Frank), will, no doubt, be remembered by many, as the eldest son of the late George Moore, of Globe Buildings, West Maitland. He had had a most successful career as a radio expert, having been employed by Father Shaw (later Maritime Wireless), Amalgamated Wireless, Australia, Ltd., and latterly had ob-tained the position of radio expert to the United Distributing Co., of Sydney.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article127627676 The Late Frank Moore. The Maitland Daily Mercury New South Wales, Australia 9 February 1924 1 May 2020 4 Trove 1924 03 Crawford attends a farewell luncheon for George Augustine Taylor, together with many Sydney luminaries WIRELESS. MR. G. A. TAYLOR'S INVENTIONS. COMPLIMENTARY LUNCHEON. Mr. George A. Taylor was given a farewell luncheon at the Ambassadors yesterday by the Association for Developing Wireless in Australia, New Zealand, and Fiji, of which he is president, and many compliments were paid to his work as an inventor in aviation and wireless, and also to his patriotic work in the A.I.F. The Lord Mayor (Alderman Gilpin), in proposing the toast of the guest, said that Mr. Taylor was a native of Sydney, and had proved himself a very worthy citizen. He had been one of the most active and enterprising of inventors, and was always to the fore with ideas and help when it was needed. He had given him (the Lord Mayor) invaluable assistance from time to time; and everyone of them wished him and Mrs. Taylor a profitable and pleasant time abroad. As Lord Mayor of Sydney he had given Mr. Taylor a letter of introduction, and commendation to the Lord Mayor of London, and he believed it would help him in his mission. Mr. Taylor and his wife were great advocates of and workers for the peace of the world, and they were going to Geneva to attend the great conference in that regard. (Photo) MR. G. A. TAYLOR. (End photo caption) Mr. Ball (Minister for Works) complimented Mr. Taylor on the assistance he had given the Government in regard to the tenders for the North Shore bridge, and said that the tender that had been accepted had turned out to be not only the lowest but actually the best Australian tender that could have been adopted, and it would be "a wireless bridge," despite the "wirepulling" there had been to get the suspension design adopted, which would have meant the use of millions of wires. General Sir Granville Ryrie, M.P., praised the work that was done by Mr. Taylor as his clubmate in the A.I.F. He said that now he was not a member of the Federal Government he was free to criticise the Government's proposals, and, in his opinion, the restrictions the Government had placed on the use of wireless receiving sets should be immediately removed. Mr. George A. Taylor, thanking the association, said that his work, was merely the continuation of that of other pioneers in Australia, though the work they had done had been credited to other nations. Mr. Marr, M.P., in proposing the toast "Success to Wireless," said that prior to leaving Melbourne on the previous day he had a conversation with Mr. Gibson, the Postmaster-General, and he had expressed his willingness to have another conference on the subject of the wireless receiving sets, and it was almost certain if the Postmaster-General was now officially approached by the association he would grant such a conference. When the present regulations were drawn up by the last conference the members had not much experience in the administration of wireless regulations. Now they had experience of how the regulations were working, and he was satisfied that they were not working at all satisfactorily, and they should be altered so that they would better meet the requirements of Australia, and lead to the development, rather than the retarding, of wireless in Australia, as at present. Professor Sir Edgeworth David, in support, said that Mr. Taylor had been associated with Lawrence Hargreaves in the early experiments which led to practical aviation. Mr. Taylor flew with an aeroplane without an engine in 1909. He was the first to send wireless messages to a moving train, and before the war he fired a gun by wireless. He was the pioneer in the sending of pictures by wireless, and now he had invented a process for the sending of colour photography by wireless, which would enable the sending of the actual colour of the photograph instantaneously for many thousands of miles through the air. Mr. Taylor, in the course of a subsequent address, with lantern slides and the apparatus for the preparation of the wireless three-colour blocks for printing, showed how the sending of pictures by wireless had been developed within the past ten years. The science was only in its infancy, he said, and most wonderful developments, bordering almost on the infinite, might be expected within the next few years. Amongst those present were:— Mr. D. H. Scott, (vicepresident), who presided, Mr. R. Burgin (vice-president), the Lord Mayor (Alderman D. Gilpin), Mr. Ludowici (president of the Chamber of Manufactures), Mr. Justly Rawlings (president of Master Retailers' Association), Mr. C. Lloyd Jones, Mr. W. T. Crawford, Mr. T. B. Cooper (Under-Secretary, Public Works), Mr. C. Brunsdon Fletcher, Major C. W. C. Marr, and Mr. James Nangle (Director of Technical Education).http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16112313 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 13 March 1924 26 April 2020 8 Trove Fund established for the family of the late Frank Moore (Crawford gave evidence at the Inquest) WIRELESS WORLD. The Moore Fund. (By "JOULE VOLT.") The Radio Club are responding to the appeal for subscriptions for the widow of Mr. Moore, the well-known amateur, who met his death from a high tension wire while experimenting. The Wireless Institute has also made a special appeal to traders. Contributions may be forwarded to Mr. Phil Renshaw, Box 3120. G.P.O., Sydney. The board of trustees for the allotment of the fund has been appointed — Messrs. Basil Cooke, Phil Renshaw, and J. W. Robinson. Much of the apparatus belonging to Mr. Moores' plant is on sale at Miss Wallace's, Royal Arcade. Every piece sold adds to the fund.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245898125 WIRELESS WORLD The Daily Telegraph New South Wales, Australia 18 March 1924 1 May 2020 3 Trove 1924 04 Crawford officially visits Woolongong, unlicensed listeners identified as well as general apathy to wireless in the district VISIT OF RADIO INSPECTOR. The Radio Inspector was active in Wollongong last week. Since his inspection several aerials have disappeared, and several receivers were found which did not comply with the regulations. The inspector was greatly surprised at the lack of interest in radio locally. The public are warned against dealing indiscriminately in wireless material, and should be advised by licensed dealers.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article133018453 VISIT OF RADIO INSPECTOR. Illawarra Mercury New South Wales, Australia 4 April 1924 1 May 2020 6 Trove 1924 05 Crawford attends annual dinner of WIA NSW, in speech notes amateur standard improving, but that if gramophone records monopolised the ether, they would have to be suppressed WIRELESS. Low-power Wonders. MR. MACLURCAN'S WORK. Results Announced. The achievement by a Sydney experimenter of the "impossible" in wireless was announced at the annual dinner of the New South Wales division of the Wireless Institute of Australia at the Wentworth Hotel last night, when Mr. C. D. Maclurcan, who, accompanied by young Jack Davis, recently crossed the Pacific on work in low-power transmission, gave the results of his experiments. When 5385 miles out from Sydney and two days' sailing from San Francisco, Mr. Maclurcan clearly received signals sent from his own station at Strathfleld. This operating on an 8-watt set. The signals from the 180-watt set were received 5900 miles. Mr. Maclurcan assured the enthusiastic gathering of experimenters that signals from both sets would have been readily received while the ship was actually in San Francisco Harbor, but for the bad weather and the heavy induction caused by local submarine mains. Even with those handicaps, however, he and Davis had been able to make out the Strathfield signals, but were unable to pick up the code. TALKING TO BRITAIN. Discussing the possibility of regular two-way wireless communication between Australia and America, Mr. Maclurcan advised that it would be necessary to "shoot over" more powerful signals; to adopt wave lengths to overcome local interference on the other side; and to persuade American experimenters to adopt radio frequency amplification. As a whole, the American experimenters were really disappointing, he said. Their much-boasted latest receiving set had not given him and Davis as good results as their own "tin-pot contrivance," Australians undoubtedly led the Americans in long-distance receiving. Mr. Maclurcan explained that his trans-Pacific experiments were governed by a code supplied daily by Amalgamated Wireless, Ltd.— which met the whole of the cost of the expedition — and consisted of three words, of 10 letters each, which, on being received, had to agree with those already in the possession of the senior wireless operator aboard. He firmly believed that communication could be established between English and Australian amateurs, with the low power now in use. THE SEALED SET. Mr. S. E. Tatham, submitting the toast of "The Institute," appealed to experimenters to make their work more widely known; it equalled anything in any other part of the world. Mr. F. B. Cooke responded. Mr. W. P. Renshaw, proposing "The Visitors," predicted that the sealed set difficulty would continue to disturb experimenters for another 12 months. The possibilities of wireless, he added, must sooner or later impress themselves on the authorities. Master Jack Davis indicated that he was ready to undertake any similar trip to that across the Pacific with Mr. Maclurcan. Mr. W. T. Crawford (Government wireless inspector) mentioned that there was a general improvement in experimental work, but intimated that experimenters who nightly monopolised the ether with gramophone records would have to be suppressed. That wireless experimenters would have to fight for their existence was the view of Mr. Malcolm Perry, who proposed the "Affiliated Societies." Experimenters, he observed, were being asked to pay for service they did not require. Mr. R. C. Marsden. replying, appealed for closer all-round co-operation. COMMERCIAL INTERESTS. Mr. F. T. S. O'Donnell, who proposed the health of the foundation members, pointed out that it would be a great mistake to permit commercial interests to destroy the good work of the experimenters. Mr. H. A. Stowe responded. Mr. J. P. Wyatt submitted the toast of the chairman, and was supported by Mr. O. F. Mingay, who emphasised that the results achieved by Mr. Maclurcan easily exceeded those of any other known experimenter. They were something that outshone all the things that the Americans so loudly proclaimed, and merited the fullest pride on the part of Australians.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article245710244 WIRELESS The Daily Telegraph New South Wales, Australia 7 May 1924 26 April 2020 10 Trove 1924 06 Crawford addresses the first meeting of the NSW Postal Institute Radio Club in Sydney THE MAGIC SPARK. RADIO NOTES & NEWS. . . . BY DOT DASH. . . . NEW CLUB. A radio club has been formed in connection with the N.S.W. Postal Institute. One or the objects of this new body is to bring together all members of the Commonwealth Public Service in this State who are interested in wireless. Though only six weeks old the club has a membership of 30, and this number will probably be increased each week. The first meeting was addressed by Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, State Radio Inspector, and Mr. Basil Cooke and Mr. Malcolm Perry have given technical talks to members. A class of instruction for beginners is to be held on each alternate Tuesday evening at the club-rooms, Haymarket Post Office. The hon. secretary is Mr. J. F. Nichol, Telephone Workshops, Pier-street, Sydney.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article119986775 THE MAGIC SPARK Evening News New South Wales, Australia 21 June 1924 13 April 2020 7 Trove 1924 07 Introduction of new Wireless Regulations expected to increase workload for Crawford and other radio inspectors EFFECTIVE TODAY. Radio Regulations Melbourne Firms Protest. MELBOURNE, Wednesday. The new wireless broadcasting regulations take effect from today. When they received the approval of the Federal Executive Council, they were forwarded today to the Governor-General, who is in Sydney, for his signature. The regulations will not be gazetted until they have been printed and are ready to issue to the public over Post Office counters in the various States. The Director of Postal Services (Mr. Brown), said today that he hoped to have this accomplished by the end of the week. The protest of Sydney firms against broadcasting arrangements was echoed today by the Melbourne firms concerned — New Systems Telephones, Harrington's Ltd., members of the Associated Radio Company. The managing director of the New Systems Telephones (Mr. Holloway), concurred with the Sydney protest regarding the discrepancy between the power limit of the two rival companies. Mr. Holloway said he could not understand how the Government should have fixed a maximum limit. It would be fair to fix a minimum power to ensure proper service, but why prevent us installing a plant of more than 1500 watts. For some unaccountable reason, the Government had shown distinct favoritism, he said. Questioned on the methods by which the department would police the new regulations, the Director of Postal Services (Mr. Brown) said the present staff of radio inspectors in all States would continue to make certain that illicit listening-in was not indulged in. "Such is the reasonableness of the provision, however," he declared, "that we have gone out of our way to give great freedom to all users of all wireless receiving apparatus, and there is little or no excuse for breaches of the regulations." Mr. Brown explained that the zoning system had been instituted so that the service would be less costly to the listener-in who was so far from broadcasting stations that he would require an expensive instrument, and would be more subject to interruptions from atmospherics.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222316089 EFFECTIVE TO=DAY The Sun New South Wales, Australia 16 July 1924 1 May 2020 9 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove 1924 08 Following the adoption of the Wireless Regulations of 1924, Crawford kept busy identifying locations and zones, forecast few applications for experimental licences WIRELESS & RADIO. Conducted by Alan Burrows. . . . RUSH FOR LICENSES. Nearly every post office official is busy now selling licenses to the huge number of prospective enthusiasts. Well over a hundred were sold one day last week at the G.P.O. alone, and altogether the number is reaching the thousand mark, which is not bad going, considering they have only been on sale for a week. Some quick work was put in by the N.S.W. radio officials when the licenses came to hand. Arriving in Sydney on the Thursday after the regulations were made known, they were distributed to the different post offices on the following day, and were being sold on Saturday. Since then there has scarcely been a break in the demand for them. Mr. W. Crawford, State Radio Inspector, has his hands full with the work following upon the popularity of wireless. There were the zones, for instance, which had to be decided; and this rather intricate matter being settled, every postmaster in the State had to be supplied with a copy of the boundaries, so there could be no doubt concerning which zone they occupied. "It would be as well to emphasise," said Mr. Crawford, "that no postmaster has the power to refuse to grant a broadcasting licence, although he may ask that the applicant go to the post office nearest to where he lives. This is merely to facilitate the renewal of licences when the time comes, as it will probably cause confusion if an application is made for renewal at a different office from where it was originally issued." Mr. Crawford was very definite concerning regenerative sets. All owners of noisy sets will be warned once, after which they will be delicensed and fined if they still persist in annoying their neighbors. However, the radio inspector pointed out that it would probably be simply a matter of educating the public, as no set, when it is oscillating sufficiently to cause interference, can reproduce music or speech without distortion. It would be in a listener's-in own interests to be instructed in the manipulating of his set. EXPERIMENTERS "No applications have been made yet for experimental licenses," said Mr. Crawford. "Nor do we expect many, as the difference in the cost of the two licenses is only 15s, it is not likely that a great number will go to the trouble of sitting for an examination. For that matter, very few would have a chance of passing it, as a big proportion of so-called experimenters were really only broadcast-listeners. On the other hand, there are a few in Sydney who, when their present licenses expire, will be granted an experimenter's status without question. These, however, are very few." Quite a number of people state that they find as much pleasure in listening to amateurs' transmission as they do to that of regular broadcasters.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222306655 ­WIRELESS & RADIO The Sun New South Wales, Australia 6 August 1924 26 April 2020 10 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove Crawford appointed to the first council of the Institute of Radio Engineers, Australia COMPANY NEWS. . . . The Institution of Radio Engineers, Australia, Incorporated, has been formed to advance the interest of those engaged in radio telegraphy and radio-telephony, and to promote the science and practice of the profession. The first council consists of the following:— E. T. Fisk, M.I.R.E. (first president), Professor Sir Thomas Lyle, Professor T. Laby, F. Leverrier, K.C., J. Malone, Commander F. G. Cresswell, R.A.N., G. J. Weston, L. A. Hooke, W. T. S. Crawford, J. L. Mulholland, A. S. McDonald, G. Apperley, J. G. Reed, and S. Toombs, J.P. (first secretary).http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16174653 COMPANY NEWS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 20 August 1924 13 April 2020 15 Trove As previous, some further detail NEW COMPANIES. The following new companies have been registered:— . . . Institute of Radio Engineers, Australia. Objects are to further the interests of the profession of radio telegraphy and telephony. The first council consists of the following:— E. T. Fisk. Prof. T. Lahy [sic], F. Leverrier, L. A. Hooke, J. Malone, F. G. Cresswell, G. J. Weston, S. McDonald, W. T. S. Crawford, J. L. Mulholland, G. Apperly, J. G. Reed, and S. Toombs. The first president will be E. T. Fisk. Registered office, Sydney. Date of registration, August 16.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160057569 NEW COMPANIES. Daily Commercial News And Shipping List New South Wales, Australia 20 August 1924 13 April 2020 4 Trove 1924 09 Crawford provides his opinion on the future of radio in the coming year, fairly accurate compared to his earlier prediction on AOCPs WIRELESS & RADIO. (Conducted by Alan Burrows) VALUE OF TUNING. Bright Future Predicted for Wireless. . . FUTURE OF WIRELESS. Inquiries made amongst some of Sydney's prominent wireless men on this question show many different shades of opinion, although all are unanimous on one point — that radio has firmly taken its place as a factor in the life of Australia. "Crystal sets will sell at the present rate until the beginning of next winter," said the manager of a wholesale house. "A small proportion, of course, may remain content with a crystal set, or perhaps a few will give up the game altogether. The great majority, however, desiring something better, will go in for valve sets, and there will probably be as big a demand for valve sets as there is now for crystals. Next year will undoubtedly be a valve year." Others expressed the opinion that, while it is hardly possible that the demand will maintain its present pitch, the trade, after about a year's boom, will settle down to a steady business, which will equal a boom period in any other line. The unofficial opinion of Mr. W. Crawford, radio inspector, is that the fillip wireless is now receiving will see it over the summer and through next winter, after which it will find its level, which should be very little below that which it is maintaining at present. A wireless set, in time, will be a recognised educational factor in every home, just as a piano is now. Evidence from abroad bears out most of these opinions. In America broadcasting, as an industry, threatens to rival the movies, and no house or flat, it appears, is considered complete without its wireless set. The same can be said of England, and it is worthy of note that a traveller who has just returned, remarks that although a greater variety of broadcasting programmes is available in England, the standard of the British Broadcasting Company is generally lower than the programmes offered here, nor can Australia be shown many points in actual transmission.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222317081 WIRELESS & RADIO The Sun New South Wales, Australia 24 September 1924 26 April 2020 2 Trove 1924 10 Crawford responds to criticism that the AOCP examination is too difficult WIRELESS & RADIO. (Conducted by AIan Burrows). . . What Constitutes an "Experimenter"? . . . EXPERIMENTAL LICENSES. Last week was published on this page a motion carried at a recent meeting of delegates from the clubs affiliated with the Wireless Institute. It said, in effect, that the authorities should be approached with the request that the present examination set for those desiring experimental licenses be made more applicable for the purpose for which it is held — which, presumably, consists of maintaining a certain technical standard of those wanting experimental licenses. Particular reference was made to the theory paper, in which some of the questions were considered irrelevant. Some discontent appears to be evident amongst amateurs generally concerning this matter, a few going so far as to maintain that the Government is purposely endeavouring to stifle the experimental movement by tightening the requirements for admission into its ranks. That an ordinary broadcast listener's license allows any sort of experimenting is not considered sufficient; most amateurs wish to hold the title of "experimenter." Asked for an expression of opinion, the local authorities said that so far, they had received only a very few individual complaints; many, on the other hand, considered the exam quite fair. The State Radio Inspector, Mr. W. Crawford, pointed out that the alleged stiffness of the theory paper was answered by the fact that, of those who failed, the majority fell short in the Morse test, and not in this paper. Prominent experimenters, such as Mr. C. Maclurcan, Mr. Basil Cooke, and Mr. J. C. Marsden, had all endorsed the fairness of the questions. "We never apply a rigid method," said Mr. Crawford. "All we require is sufficient assurance that the applicant has the requisite knowledge to experiment on the lines which he himself lays down. He names his own purpose of experiment, and so far as we can manage, he is examined accordingly. There are no 'catch' questions." A specimen paper shown by Mr. Crawford bore out these remarks, although some of the questions were certainly not intended for anyone but advanced experimenters. It all appears to revolve around the point as to whether experimenters wish their standing to be exclusive, or to be opened to the rank and file of radio fans.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223576225 WIRELESS & RADIO The Sun New South Wales, Australia 22 October 1924 13 April 2020 2 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove 1924 11 Crawford attends meeting WIA NSW, more positive about amateur broadcasting and experimenting CLUB ACTIVITIES. . . . WIRELESS INSTITUTE. The last general meeting of the Wireless Institute for this year will be held on December 4, when Mr. R. Burt will read a paper on "Radio Communication." There will be no general meeting in January on account of the holidays. The first meeting in the New Year will be on February 5, and will be a practical demonstration of apparatus arranged by Mr. A. N. Stephens. Any experimenter is welcomed at these meetings, and membership forms may be obtained from the hon. secretary at Harrington's, or assistant secretary, at Watson, Ferguson's. The question of experimental licenses was considered at an executive council meeting of the New South Wales Division, at which Mr. Crawford, the radio inspector, was present by invitation. The whole matter was gone into carefully, and Mr. Crawford was definite in his assurance that the Government would give the experimenter every consideration. He also stated definitely that no application for a transmitting license would be turned down if it was genuine. As the outcome of this meeting, certain council re recommendations will be forwarded to the authorities, and it is expected that the position will be much clearer in the future. As an indication of the improved status of the institute may be mentioned the fact that the New South Wales Division is now located in the Royal Societies' House, Elizabeth-street, Sydney, the home of the leading scientific bodies of the Commonwealth. Although in Queensland we have no outstanding character like Mr. Charles Maclurcan, there are in the various clubs now quite a number of real genuine experimenters who would form a body which could hold its own with those in the Southern States. It seems as if the advent of local broadcasting is the only means of separating the wheat from the chaff, and how long are we going to wait in Queensland for this?http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article22890242 CLUB ACTIVITIES. The Brisbane Courier Queensland, Australia 22 November 1924 26 April 2020 20 Trove 1925 1925 02 Crawford's position reclassified (with other Radio Inspectors) with associated salary increase POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. CLASSIFICATION OF RADIO INSPECTORS. . . . No.: 2 Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Classification under Commonwealth Public Service Act 1922–1924. Radio Inspector, Grade 4 (b) Division: III Scale: £528-600 Salary: £528 Next Increment Payable: N/A Scales of Salary. For general conditions as to payment of salary within the classified scales see Public Service Regulation No. 105. Printed and Published for the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia by H. J. Green, Government Printer for the State of Victoria.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232529440 POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 4 February 1925 23 April 2020 163 Trove Crawford enables a message from G2OD to 2DS to be released to the press NEW MILE-POST. Wireless Message to "The Sun." AMATEUR SENDS FROM ENGLAND. Signals Reach Sydney at Dawn. "Tell 'The Sun' that the Y.A.L. boys have visited Notre Dame." In a fraction of a second this message, in dots and dashes, was wirelessed from Buckinghamshire at daybreak (Sydney time) today, and picked up by Mr. J. R. Davis, of Vaucluse. "Young Jack Davis, of Vaucluse," as he is known to wireless experimenters all over Australia, has been responsible for some fine radio feats during the past year or two. Although still only a boy, he is an expert at both transmitting and receiving, and is able to show the way to many experimenters older and more experienced than himself. Last night was not the first time he had been in communication with England, he having performed the feat some months ago. LONDON, February 15. Mr. W. E. Simmonds, the well-known wireless amateur, of Gerard's Cross, Bucks, England, heard, at 7.25 p.m., Jack Davis, of Vaucluse, calling England. Mr. Simmonds, in the presence of "The Sun" representative, Morsed, asking Davis to take a message for "The Sun" that the Y.A.L. boys had visited Notre Dame. Davis instantly replied, "Good morning. Received message O.K. Will tell 'Sun.' " This is the first amateur experimental wireless press message between England and Australia. Mr. Simmonds was disappointed that he could not hear Mr. Howden, of Melbourne, by telephone, for which he had made arrangements previously. "Message Came Through Very Well" "I got the message for 'The Sun,' " said Mr. J. R. Davis, whose experimental station is in Fisher-avenue, Vaucluse, this morning. "But we are not supposed to handle any traffic at all, and before I can give it to you I will have to find out from the radio inspector, Mr. Crawford whether I can do so. We have to protect ourselves, and, under the regulations, if we were to give out messages like that, we would be liable to have our licenses cancelled." Mr. Crawford was 'phoned, but delayed his answer while he looked through the regulations to see what he could do. The message was later released by Mr. Crawford. The message to "The Sun" sent to Mr. Davis by Mr. Simmonds at the request of the special representative, of "The Sun" in London, was as follows: — "Today the Young Australia League boys visited Notre Dame. A band played there for the first time in history." Mr. Davis received the message at 5.25 a.m. today. It came through very well, he stated.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article222943396 NEW MILE-POST The Sun New South Wales, Australia 16 February 1925 26 April 2020 7 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove 1925 04 Maclurcan, President of the WIA NSW, gives his report at the AGM, kudos to Crawford for assistance offered all amateurs Wireless Institute of Australia, N.S.W. Div. Inc. Incorporating the Affiliated Societies and The Australian Radio Relay League. HEADQUARTERS: Royal Society's House, 5 Elizabeth St., SYDNEY, N.S.W.; Phil. Renshaw, Hon. Sec., Box 3120 G.P.O. Sydney, Phone 82235; A. H. Perrett, Publicity Officer. NEW SOUTH WALES DIVISION. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING. THE annual general meeting of the Wireless Institute of Australia, New South Wales Division, was held at the Royal Society’s Hall, 5 Elizabeth Street, Sydney, on Thursday, April 16, 1925. Two new members were unanimously elected, and this division certainly feels stronger by the addition to its roll of Messrs. R. C. Allsopp and J. W. M. Cottrell. The outstanding feature of the evening was the presidential report. Mr. Maclurcan gave a very interesting and detailed account of the work of the Institute during the past twelve months, but it would not be fitting if reference were not first made to Mr. Maclurcan’s latest success in communicating with England on low wave lengths during daylight hours. Congratulations of members were offered to Mr. Maclurcan, and were of a most enthusiastic nature. Mr. Maclurcan then read the presidential report, which was as follows: Again we have concluded a most satisfactory year for this division of the Institute, and we commence the year 1925–26 with confidence in our ability to make an even better showing than we have done in the past twelve months. It has been a great pleasure to me to work with such a fine team of officers as it has been my good fortune to be associated with in the past twelve months, and it is my earnest hope that whoever are elected to control the coming year’s destinies will preserve the happy concord that has existed throughout in the last period. The class of new members being attracted to our Institute is one of the most pleasing features, and we confidently expect a very substantial membership increase this coming year. We have now on our roll 80 members and 29 associate members, making a total of 109. Elections during the year comprised 24 members and 8 associate members. . . . I must refer to the generous treatment we have received during the past twelve months from Mr. J. Malone, chief manager of telegraphs and wireless, Melbourne, and Mr W. T. S. Crawford as radio officer in Sydney. They have shown the utmost tact and skill in administering a most difficult department, and it stands to their credit that radio is in the position it is today in Australia. Much credit is also due to Mr. Brown, secretary to the Postmaster General, in his efficient handling of many difficult situations and his consideration for the experimental activities of this country.Wireless Institute of Australia N.S.W. Div. Inc. Annual General Meeting Kudos to Brown, Malone, Crawford. http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-647032072 Wireless Weekly (Australia) Sydney Wireless Newspapers Limited 24 April 1925 5 26 8-10 18 May 2020 , NLA's Trove 1925 05 Crawford receives a pat on the back from Smith's Weekly SMITHS RADIO CLUB. . . . A "Head" and a Man. W. Crawford, radio inspector, Sydney, is one of the big men of Australian radio. A Victorian by birth, he controls the wireless destinies of N.S.W. and the ships visiting Sydney. In performing this task, his evenhanded justice has won him the esteem and respect of both commercial and experimental operators. Crawford's experience dates back to the beginning of the science, and in turn he has been in charge of most of our important stations. He served as Radio Lieutenant in the R.A.N. throughout the war. His hobbies are rifle shooting and wireless.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article234972800 SMITH'S RADIO CLUB Smith's Weekly New South Wales, Australia 9 May 1925 26 April 2020 18 Trove Crawford refers correspondence on fees to Malone Official Correspondence. . . . Sir,— Your communication with regard to fees charged for Broadcast Listener's Licences for Public Schools has been forwarded to the Chief Manager, Telegraph and Wireless, Melbourne, for his attention. Yours faithfully, W. T. S. CRAWFORD, Radio Inspector.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article249788115 Official Correspondence. The Yass Courier New South Wales, Australia 11 May 1925 26 April 2020 3 Trove 1925 06 Crawford clarifies a statement about the AOCP in a previous issue of Wireless Weekly A CORRECTION. To the Editor. Dear Sir,— With reference to your sub-leader, headed “Amateur Operators’ Certificate,” appearing in the issue of “Wireless Weekly” of 29th May, 1925, I would like to correct a slight inaccuracy contained in para. 3:— "An experimental license may be issued to qualified persons for the purpose of research, and for instructions in schools or teaching institutions. This license can be endorsed for transmitting, and before consideration is given for endorsement the licensee should hold an amateur operator’s certificate of proficiency." The possession of this certificate does not necessarily entitle the holder to have his experimental license so endorsed. Each application for transmitting endorsement is dealt with on its merits. The holder of an amateur operator’s certificate of proficiency may also be authorised to operate a portable station and a radio dealer’s demonstration transmitter. Yours, etc., W. T. S. CRAWFORD, Radio Inspector.A Correction Clarification of Transmitting Endorsement. http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-680532188 Wireless Weekly (Australia) Sydney Wireless Newspapers Limited 5 June 1925 6 6 10 18 May 2020 , NLA's Trove After an appeal process, classifications of most inspectors increased, Crawford revised from Radio Inspector Grade 4 to Grade 5 APPROVAL OF CLASSIFICATION UNDER SECTION 27, "PUBLIC SERVICE ACT 1922-1924." THE Public Service Board of Commissioners hereby notifies for the information of officers concerned the following amendments of the Classification as published in Gazette No. 10 of 4th February, 1925, in respect of Radio Inspectors in the Postmaster-General's Department, such amendments having been made by the Board following upon determination of appeals. The Classification so published, and the amendments of Classification as set forth hereunder, have received the approval of the Governor-General in pursuance of the provisions of Section 27 of the Public Service Act 1922–1924, C. B. B. WHITE, Chairman, W. J. SKEWES, W. J. CLEMENS, Deputy Commissioner. Board of Commissioners. Melbourne, 10th June, 1925. POSTMASTER-GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. AMENDMENTS OF CLASSIFICATION OF RADIO INSPECTORS. . . . Number in Classification: 2 Officer. Name: Crawford, W. T. S. Office: Radio Inspector, Grade 5 (Sydney) Classification as amended. Scale: £528-£600 Salary: £528 Next Increment Payable: 1.7.25http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article232530258 APPROVAL OF CLASSIFICATION UNDER SECTION 27, "PUBLIC SERVICE ACT 1922-1924." Commonwealth Of Australia Gazette Australia 11 June 1925 23 April 2020 957 Trove 1925 08 Crawford's 2IC is promoted to Radio Inspector, Qld APPOINTED TO BRISBANE. Mr. T. Armstrong, who for over two years was attached to the radio inspector's office (Sydney), has been transferred to Brisbane as radio inspector. Prior to his departure a presentation was made to him by Mr. W. T. S. Crawford (radio inspector, Sydney), on behalf of the radio inspector's staff and friends connected with the telephone engineering branch. During Mr. Armstrong's sojourn in Sydney, he was lecturer and instructor to the wireless section of the postal institute. He was extremely popular amongst commercial operators, experimenters, and dealers, and earned by his courteous attention to all matters, and by his pleasant personality, the very high esteem of all who came into contact with him. Mr. Armstrong (remarks "Wireless Weekly") has the secret of the perpetual smile, and Brisbane is fortunate in securing so popular a radio inspector.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article218260156 APPOINTED TO BRISBANE The Daily Mail Queensland, Australia 30 August 1925 26 April 2020 27 Trove 1925 09 Crawford stands firm on use of amateur radio for third party messages RADIO REPLIES. TO AMERICAN MESSAGES. FEDERAL REGULATION. The Lord Mayor stated yesterday that he was the recipient of a radio message from the Mayor of Vancouver (Alderman L. D. Taylor), through the amateur stations of 5GO, Vancouver, and 2LO, Sydney, operated by Mr. L. Schultz, in which greetings were offered from the Mayor and people of Vancouver to the Lord Mayor and citizens of Sydney, and a reply by radio was requested. The Lord Mayor asked Mr. Schultz to convey to the Mayor of Vancouver reciprocal good wishes for the future advancement and prosperity of the city. Mr. Schultz stated last night that he had been informed that the Postmaster-General objected to such reciprocal messages being sent from Australia, and he could not convey the Lord Mayor's greetings to the Mayor of Vancouver. Mr. Schultz said the sending of such messages from America by members of the American Radio Relay League was encouraged by the American Government as an aid to the advancement of broadcasting on low wave lengths, but the postal authorities were objecting to the sending of reply messages from Australia, and this was retarding the work of radio communication between Australia and the United States.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16240920 RADIO REPLIES. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 9 September 1925 26 April 2020 12 Trove As previous OFFICIAL EXPLANATION. The Federal Wireless Inspector at Sydney (Mr. Crawford) stated last night that Mr. Schultz had informed him of the reception of the message after he had conveyed it to the Lord Mayor. He (Mr. Crawford) had intimated that to transmit a reply was prohibited by Government regulation, and, therefore, he must disallow the sending of any message by Mr. Schultz. Mr. Crawford explained that it was necessary strictly to administer the regulation to avoid the promiscous use of wireless by certain individuals at the people's expense. The Minister, however, had power to grant permission to experimenters to transmit messages, but this was done only in most exceptional circumstances. It was not true, added Mr. Crawford, that in this case the Minister had refused permission.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16240921 OFFICIAL EXPLANATION. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 9 September 1925 26 April 2020 12 Trove Crawford guides the Country Press Association in its desire to distribute press news by radio Radio News. APPLICATION FOR STATION. The establishment of a "land station" in Sydney for the transmission by radio of news to country news papers by the Country Press Association is a likelihood of the near future. On behalf of the Country Press Association, Mr. T. M. Shakespeare has made application to the Post-master-General for permission to establish such a station and an early reply awaited. It was first thought that the type of station required was a "B. class," but a conference be-tween Mr. C. C. Faulkner of the Radio Broadcast Bureau (who has been acting for the Country Press Association) and Mr. Crawford, radio inspector, revealed that the station required is known in the wireless regulations as a land station. The matter will be discussed at the annual conference of the Country Press Association, the opening ses-sion of which on October 20 will be broadcast by station 2 F.C.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107595001 Radio News The Muswellbrook Chronicle New South Wales, Australia 25 September 1925 26 April 2020 3 Trove 1925 11 Crawford and Malone to attend the official opening of the WIA NSW broadcast station 2WI Wireless Institute. The new transmitter of the New South Wales division of the Wireless Institute of Australia will be officially opened on November 9. The ceremony will take place at the residence of Mr. H. A. Stowe, Royal-street, Chatswood, at 8 p.m. Among those present will be the Controller of Telegraphs and Wireless (Mr. Malone) and the Radio Inspector for New South Wales (Mr. Crawford). During the evening the addresses, will be broadcast. The transmitter will work under the call signal A2WI and the power will be 250 watts. On the night of the opening ceremony the wave length will be 200 metres, but subsequently it will be variable, as the transmitter has been specially designed for experimentation, research work, and the transmission of the standard frequency calibration signals of the division.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223931475 SHORT WAVES The Sun New South Wales, Australia 3 November 1925 26 April 2020 6 (FINAL EXTRA) Trove As previous, report of opening WIRELESS. TRANSMISSION STATION. CO-OPERATION IN TESTS. The official transmission station of the Wireless Institute of Australia was opened on Monday evening. The station, the call sign of which is 2WI, is at present situated at the residence of Mr. H. A. Stowe, vice-president of the institute, at Royal-street, Chatswood, and will be used solely for experimental work. There was a large gathering of those interested in wireless, including Mr. James Malone (chief manager of Telegraphs and Wireless), Mr. W. T. S. Crawford (State Radio Inspector), Coxon (president of the Western Australian Institute), and members of the council of delegates' committee of the New South Wales branch of the institute. The transmitter was officially handed over by Mr. Stowe, and accepted by Mr. C. D. Maclurcan, president of the New South Wales Institute. After supper several short speeches were delivered though the transmitter.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16254104 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 11 November 1925 26 April 2020 19 Trove As previous, greater detail including Crawford's speech Wireless Institute of Australia, N.S.W. Div. Inc. Incorporating the Affiliated Societies and The Australian Radio Relay League. HEADQUARTERS: Royal Society's House, 5 Elizabeth St., SYDNEY, N.S.W.; W. L. Carter, Hon. Sec., Box 3120, G.P.O., Sydney – Phone B2235, A. H. Perrett, Publicity Officer. Official Opening of 2WI. THE new transmitter of the Wireless Institute of Australia, New South Wales Division, was officially opened on Monday, November 9, 1925. The scene of the ceremony was the residence of Mr. H. A. Stowe, 2CX, and the following were, present:— Messrs. James Malone, Chief Manager, Telegraphs and Wireless; W. T. S. Crawford, Radio Inspector; W. E. Coxon, Manager of 6WF; Charles D. Maclurcan, President of the Institute; H. A. Stowe, F. B. Cooke, Vice-Presidents; W. L. Carter, Hon. Secretary; L. C. Presdee, Hon. Treasurer; A. H. Perrett, Chairman, Delegates’ Council, and Publicity Officer; G. A. Taylor, W. P. Renshaw, H. E. B. Turner, members of the Executive Council; H. K. James, constructor of the set; W. H. Barker, Concord Amateur Radio Club; J. B. Davies, Strathfield Radio Club; W. D. Graham, C. A. Gorman, Illawarra Radio Club; L. Nordstrom, Leichhardt; E. C. Crouch, Mosman; and Ross A. Hull, Hon. Secretary, Federal Executive Council. The proceedings were opened by Mr. Renshaw, who acted as Master of Ceremonies, who called upon Mr. Stowe, on behalf of the constructors, to officially hand over the set to the President. The speeches were broadcast by special permission on a wavelength of 200 metres. Mr. Stowe, in handing ever the transmitter, briefly outlined the history of the movement to obtain a transmitting set. Mr. Maclurcan, in accepting the set, stated that it had been constructed by Mr. H. K. James and supervised by Mr. H. A. Stowe. The uses for which the set would be employed were the Standard Frequency Transmission Signals, Institute Traffic and Vigilance Activities. He explained that the latter was partly necessary in view of the depredations of "agribulgers." Mr. James Malone, Chief Manager, Telegraphs and Wireless, was the next speaker. He first gave a brief description of the gathering for the benefit of listeners-in. He then went on to say that in his opinion amateur radio had not been making the progress of late that it should have done, and he stated that it must not be allowed to go backwards. In starting a Traffic Bureau the Wireless Institute had taken a most important step to the amateur and experimental movement. He stated that those associated with him on the administrative side were glad to see people who could look after this matter taking an interest in it. He then went on to speak of the howling valve nuisance and interference. This was a matter in which he appealed to the broadcast listener to try to understand his set in order to make them cause as little nuisance, as possible. He stated that the Wireless Institute was always willing to help broadcast listeners to reduce interference. He wanted the broadcast listeners to look up to the amateur as those who knew and could help. The amateur was appealed to, to help the broadcast listener forward, and thus justify the position the amateur has in the field of "radio." He then spoke of the value of co-ordinated work in the transmission of traffic, and stated that the new transmitter, which he considered to be a beautiful piece of work, would be the means of establishing an official clearing house for traffic in New South Wales. He particularly stressed the importance of co-operation in connection with experimental work, whether it be the handling of traffic or the conducting of experimental work. In conclusion, Mr. Malone wished the heartiest possible success to experimenters and members of the Wireless Institute of Australia. Mr. W. T. S. Crawford (Radio Inspector) stated that the construction and layout of the set reflected great credit on the constructors. He spoke in very appreciative terms of the assistance which had been afforded to him as Inspector in the administration of the regulations by the amateur and experimenter. He also stressed the point that the broadcast listener should look up to the amateur as one who could guide him in the construction and operation of his set, and could show him the means whereby reception could be improved. He wished every success to the Institute. Mr. George A. Taylor, in proposing a vote of thanks to Messrs. Stowe and James in connection with the set, indulged in a few reminiscences. He stated that on the previous day 2CM had sent a message of greeting to the daughter of Lawrence Hargreaves, the inventor of human flight, on the anniversary of his achievement. Mr. Stowe, in responding, outlined the history of the construction of the new transmitter. He gave some details of the work it was proposed to carry out, but left the construction of the set to Mr. James. Mr. James described the studio which he was speaking from, which consisted of a nice green lawn, laid in a pleasant back garden in Chatswood, on which there was erected an awning, and around the microphone into which he was speaking were grouped the members of the Executive Council and their visitors who had come to perform the opening ceremony. He described the set, stating that the power was obtained from two T250 Marconi Osram transmitting valves. The power was supplied from the lighting mains by means of transformers, and was rectified by "S" tubes. He stated that this was a new idea in Australia, and this station was using the greatest power put through "S" tubes in this country. Owing to the difficulty in handling these tubes until matters were properly settled down an input of only 90 watts was used instead of 400. The circuit employed was the Coupled Hartley, with Heissing modulation, having one sub-modulator. They were also using one stage of speech frequency amplification on this occasion. The set was of the panel type, suitable for hard, heavy, reliable work. There were only two tuning controls having special plug-in inductances. The wavelength range at present was from 20 to 300 metres. The next item was a musical one, and after this Mr. Coxon spoke briefly. He expressed great pleasure at being present, and stated that he considered that this was a great stepping-stone in the experimental and amateur movement in Australia. Speaking into the microphone he was now transmitting from east to west, but he hoped that he will be able to transmit from west to east from Western Australia on their own transmitter. He stated that station 6WF was always willing to help the amateur movement in every possible way. The transmissions were closed at 9.20 and were resumed at 9.45. During this period supper was partaken of and the after supper toasts were broadcasted. The first one was that of "His Majesty the King," given with musical honours. The toast of "Mr. Malone" was proposed by Mr. Stowe, who stated that he considered that Mr. Malone was one ©f the greatest friends that the amateur had ever had. In this everyone present heartily concurred, and the toast was drunk with musical honours. Mr. Malone, in responding, again stressed the value of co-operation. The toast of “Our Institute” was proposed by Mr. Cooke. In the course of his remarks Mr. Cooke stated that wireless was one of the greatest factors in the breaking down of barriers. Mr. Perrett, who responded on behalf of the Institute, heartily agreed with this sentiment, and he stated that although unable to take an active part in the transmitting section, he was doing what he could to further the interests of the Institute, as he believed that it was for the good of all. Mr. Crawford proposed the toast of the "Affiliated Clubs." He spoke of the efficiency of the movement, and expressed the hope that the efficiency would be increased. He particularly stressed the point in connection with the operations of the Traffic Bureau that operators should use correct procedure. Not only was this desirable now, but it was particularly desirable in view of any emergency that may arise. He thought it was a wise thing to inaugurate the Traffic Bureau. Mr. Nordstrom, in responding, also stressed the value of co-operation, and he stated emphatically that the clubs should and would be behind the Institute in the traffic scheme, and would give it a fair chance. Mr. Malone proposed the toast of the "Wireless Widows," and he stated that we little realise what science owes to the wives of those who carry out experimental work. This was supported by Mr. George Taylor, who referred to the progenitors of aerial transmission when the first message was transmitted by Eve when she winked at Adam. "Our Host and Hostess" was proposed by Mr. Renshaw, who wished them every happiness and a very pleasant trip on their holiday. Little 2CX was not forgotten in this toast. Mr. Stowe, in responding, said that it had given him much pleasure to have the official opening ceremony at his residence, stating that it was the realisation of a dream he had had for a long time. The proceedings were brought to a conclusion by Mr. Hull, who made a few remarks with regard to the Federal body of the Institute. He said that the formation of the Federal Executive was the biggest thing in experimental radio at present. It was a practical result of the Perth Conference, and as soon as the Federal organisation was complete it was their intention to link up with other countries. The proceedings terminated about 10.30 p.m. Through the careful forethought of Mr. Stowe visitors had no difficulty in finding the location, as a green light was displayed at the masthead. These proceedings marked a very definite forward move in the history of the Institute, and one which will have far-reaching effects. During Mr. Stowe’s absence the set will be moved to the residence of Mr. Cooke, and from this station traffic will be worked and the calibration signals will be sent out. On Mr. Stowe’s return, 2WI will return to its present location, and the research work, calibration signals, and Traffic Bureau will be carried on with the aid of the new transmitter. Standard Frequency Calibration Signals. These signals, which have hitherto been transmitted from station 2CX, will in future be sent out by the Institute’s new transmitter under the call signal 2WI. This marks an important step in the history of these transmissions. Owing to the fact that a slight amount of interference has been occasioned by these transmissions being set out at 8 o’clock, it has been decided in future to revert to the 10 o ’clock schedule. Commencing on Tuesday, November 17, at 10 p.m., 2WI will transmit these signals in exactly the same manner as has hitherto been adopted at station 2CX. The same code signals will be employed, and the rating will be given in kilocycles of frequency, and also the wavelength in metres. Static Observations. Reports are coming to hand, and will be acknowledged in these columns next week.Official Opening of 2WI Speech by Crawford. http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-645111519 Wireless Weekly (Australia) Sydney Wireless Newspapers Limited 20 November 1925 7 4 8-10 18 May 2020 , NLA's Trove Crawford issues guidance on need for specific licence for receivers in motor vehicles WIRELESS. . . . (BY ALAN BURROWS.) . . . LICENSES FOR PORTABLE SETS. In view of the references made in this column to portable sets, the State Radio Inspector, Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, has issued a statement giving the conditions — which are purely formal — under which one of these sets may be used. Application must be made to the Inspector (319 Castlereagh-street, Sydney) to use a portable set, which will immediately be granted, provided that no set is in use simultaneously at the owner's private residence. "A permanent installation on a motor car which would be used at the same time as that at a private residence," said Mr. Craw ford, constitutes a separate station, and an additional license would be necessary."http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16257196 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 27 November 1925 26 April 2020 7 Trove 1925 12 Crawford reports hearing the new VLF station at GBR Rugby, England WIRELESS. RUGBY TESTS. HEARD IN SYDNEY. The news service which the huge British wireless station at Rugby has been disseminating in its first trial has been received in Sydney by Mr. W. T. S. Crawford, radio inspector, at his home and at his office in the City South Telephone Exchange, Castlereagh street. Owing to the high wave length of 18,200 metres used by the station few experimenters in Sydney reported having received the messages. Mr. Crawford stated yesterday that he had been receiving the signals since the test began on Thursday. The news, comprising general items, was received, he said, with remarkable clearness, except on Saturday night, when local atmospherics made the messages unintelligible. As an example of broadcasting, he considered it very encouraging. Yesterday, he added, the transmission was again excellent. The service, which is given twice a day, begins at 11.5 a.m. and 11.5 p.m. (Sydney time), and lasts for about 25 minutes, though on the opening day the period was 40 minutes. Mr. Crawford states that he uses an ordinary broadcasting receiving set, constructed on low loss principles, but with long wave length coils substituted for the usual broadcasting coils. It is understood that the test will be continued each day, except Sunday, until the end of the month at least. WELLINGTON (N.Z.), Monday. Mr. Shrimpton, chief telegraph engineer, says that the test transmissions from the Rugby wireless station were heard with ease in all parts of New Zealand. The tests from a departmental point of view were eminently satisfactory, Rugby being clearly heard over the whole period of an hour of sending.http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16274975 WIRELESS. The Sydney Morning Herald New South Wales, Australia 15 December 1925 27 April 2020 11 Trove As previous RUGBY STATION. HEARD IN SYDNEY. STATIC INTERFERES. Until the end of the year the new high power station at Rugby (England) is sending test transmissions twice daily, in order to gauge the ease with which the signals can be received in the dominions, Australia particularly. So far the only reports of successful reception have come from Mr. E. T. S. Crawford, State radio inspector, who has a set on the roof of the City South Exchange Buildings, in Castlereagh-street, and one at his home at Killara. On account of the high ware length, 18,200 metros, few amateurs have