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Bicycles/Maintenance and Repair/Brakes/Coaster Brakes
Reference material by Wikibooks contributors. This retains its source identity and is not 411 news reporting.
Coaster Brakes
Coaster brakes don't need adjusting but they may need lubricating to
reduce wear. They are supposed to be greased with a special high
viscosity lubricant such as Sachs: "fett fur stahlbremsmantel" which
is likely no longer available. So instead use a cheap, high friction
grease. To take the hub apart, Torpedo and Sturmey Archer say to
start on the brake lever side, but I've seen the opposite proposed.
However, you need to take apart the hub to apply grease so it's a lot
easier to lubricate the brakes with heavy oil that doesn't contain
anti-friction additives. Apply it via an oil filler hole in the hub
(if it exists). Don't use oil with anti-friction additives such as
teflon or graphite that will result in slippery brakes.
On a long downgrade of over 1000 feet (300 M) the coaster brake may
overheat and the any oil in it may boil and smoke. One may try
filling the hub with water to keep the brakes cool by generating
steam. Make sure that all the water has boiled off by the end of your
trip. Do not expect a coaster brake to perform reliably or safely in hilly terrain. It's even possible to melt metal inside the hub. Also realize that if your chain derails or breaks, your coaster brake will no longer function.
See Also
Adjusting Rim Brakes